[False traumatic aneurysm of the ulnar artery in a teenager]. / Faux anévrysme traumatique de l'artère ulnaire chez un adolescent.

Most aneurysms of hand arteries are traumatic. It is a generally rare unrecognized pathology. Complications are serious (embolism and thromboses of interdigital arteries). Two main causes can be recalled: acute trauma, with development of a false aneurysm; repeated microtrauma (hand hammer syndrome), with occurrence of an arterial dysplasic aneurysm. The diagnosis is based on the presence of a pulsatile mass, with finger dysesthesia, unilateral Raynaud's phenomenon. It is confirmed by duplex Doppler. Arteriography is necessary but can be replaced by an angio-MR. We report a case of false traumatic aneurysm of the ulnar artery in a teenager. This case illustrates this rare condition and opens discussion on therapeutic options.

[Axillary artery pseudo-aneurysm secondary to shoulder dislocation in children]. / Pseudo-anévrisme de l'artère axillaire secondaire à une luxation de l'épaule chez l'enfant.

Axillary artery injury following anterior dislocation of the shoulder in children is a rare complication often considered as iatrogenic. We report the case of a pseudo-aneurysm of the axillary artery in a 5-year-old boy that appeared four months after a shoulder dislocation that was reduced in an ambulatory setting. Although this is an uncommon vascular complication, we emphasize the need for short-term and long-term follow-up in these children to avoid missing a pseudo-aneurysm of the axillary artery.

[Thymic hyperplasia following treatment for nephroblastoma]. / Hypertrophie thymique après une chimiothérapie pour un néphroblastome.

UNLABELLED: Thymic hyperplasia in response to stress is a well known phenomenon. Thymic hyperplasia has also been described after chemotherapeutic treatment for malignancies in children. CASE REPORT: A three-year-old girl was followed up from the age of 18 months for a left kidney nephroblastoma treated by combination of chemotherapy (vincristin, actinomycin and adriamycin) and surgery. Assessment at the end of treatment was normal. Four months after the end of treatment, pulmonary radiography showed mediastinal enlargement, which was shown to originate in the thymus at thoracic CT scan. A recurrence of the disease was suspected. Biopsy showed thymic hyperplasia without evidence of tumor cells. Mediastinal enlargement then disappeared spontaneously 2 months later. CONCLUSION: Thymic hyperplasia occurring during remission of a cancer treated by chemotherapy is a diagnostic dilemma as it suggests mediastinal reccurence of the disease. Needle aspiration cytology is an appropriate investigation in thymic hyperplasia. No steroid therapy should be used before histologic diagnosis of thymic hyperplasia.

Rectal atresia.

Rectal atresia is a rare condition, with a reported incidence of 1-2% of all anorectal anomalies. The extensive list of ingenious operative procedures used for the correction of this malformation is testimony to the great difficulty faced in treating this anomaly. Posterior sagittal anorectoplasty using end-to-end anastomosis is a safe, technically well known that achieves this goal.

[Role of laparoscopy in intra-abdominal testes in children. 35 case reports]. / Place de la laparoscopie dans les testicules impalpables de l'enfant. A propos de 35 cas.

The impalpable testicles account for approximately 10 to 20% of the total of the not descended testicles. The importance of laparoscopy is increasingly significant, because apart from its diagnostic role recently a therapeutic interest was added. Thirty-five nonpalpable testicles took advantage of laparoscopic exploration at the pediatric's emergency surgery ward at the children's hospital of Rabat within the last 2 years. In 9 cases, total testicular agenesis was found. In 6 cases the testicles were situated very high in the abdomen, so that a first time laparoscopy was performed where the testicles were lowered. In 10 cases, one laparoscopic intervention for lowering the testicles was sufficient. In 10 cases, laparoscopic surgery showed that the vas deferens and the spermatic vessels reunified in the inguinal; so that, Inguinal exploration was necessary. The time of hospitalisation was 24 h with no complications noticed. We present this work to sensitise the surgeons on the new therapeutic approach to optimise the taking care of cryptorchid boys.

["Small left colon" syndrome (two case reports)]. / Le syndrome du "petit côlon gauche" (à propos de deux cas).

CASE REPORTS: Two newborns, one female and male were treated for neonatal bowel obstruction. A contrast enema led to the diagnosis of small left colon syndrome and treated those newborns successfully. CONCLUSION: Small left colon syndrome is a very rare cause of neonatal bowel obstruction. The diagnosis and treatment are assured by a simple contrast enema.

[Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung. Prenatal diagnosis in a case]. / Malformation adénomatoïde kystique congénitale du poumon. Diagnostic anténatal à propos d'un cas.

We report a case of congenital cystic adenomatoid lung malformation, type I in the Stocker classification, diagnosed at ultrasonography at 27 weeks gestation. The lesion stabilized as was the hydramnios. Vaginal delivery was uneventful. Early surgery with lobectomy led to a favorable outcome at 8 months follow-up. Congenital adenomatoid lung malformation is a rare finding. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis has enabled early treatment and improved prognosis.

Pseudocysts of the pancreas in children in Morocco.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Five children with pancreatic pseudocyst were treated from 1986 to 1998, 4 of these pseudocysts have a traumatic origin. Medical therapy reduces the pancreatic stimulation and favors the resolution or the maturation of the pseudocyst. METHODS: First, all the children were treated with ultrasound-guided drainage. The duration of this drainage varied from 1 to 10 days with successful results in 3 cases. The internal drainage by cystogastrostomy was used in 2 cases. RESULTS: The first showed a cystogastric fistula in the fifth day of the external drainage, the second was drained 2 times without success. There were no pseudocyst recurrences, and children treated surgically were discharged home within 7 to 10 days after operation.