[Hearing evaluation on young children (less than five years old) in an under-equipped center. An adaptation of the Delaroche protocol]. / Evaluation de l'audition chez l'enfant de moins de cinq ans en milieu sous équipé. Une adaptation du protocole Delaroche.

The authors report their experience of audiometric test in childhood (less than fifty years old). It's an adaptation of Delaroche protocol which was first described by the Bordeaux's team. This prospective study has been realized in their works conditions in Abidjan (Ivory Coast) on 75 children under five years of age (average 2,64 years). This protocol is essentially based on: at first, hearing evaluation with acoustic toys; secondly, bone conduction on the vibrator; at the end, air conduction on the head set. The analysis of the results on 75 children shows that there were 35 normal examinations, 5 conductive deafness, 32 sensorineural hearing loss among which 9 partial failures (hearing threshold non evaluated), 3 complete failures (refuse the test). The authors insist on the utility of audiometric tests in early management of hearing loss in young children.

Les Germes secreteurs de Beta-lactamases dans les infections ORL a Abidjan

Les infections ORL sont dues; a Abidjan dans 31;50 pour cent des cas; a des germes secreteurs de beta-lactamases. Cela doit faire reflechir sur l'attitude therapeutique; basee surtout sur les beta-lactamines

[Mycoses in otorhinolaryngology. Apropos of 167 cases]. / Les mycoses en O.R.L. A propos de 167 cas.

The authors observed 167 cases of E.N.T. mycoses over a 14-year period (1974-1988) in the E.N.T. Departments of the Abidjan University Hospitals in the Ivory Coast, and in two private health institutions in the city. The majority of cases involve candidiasis (91 cases, or 54.5%), followed by aspergillosis (72 cases, 43.1%) and rhinoentomophtorosis (4 cases, 2.4%). Men are more affected than women (125 as against 42). Men suffering from rhinoentomophtorosis are, for the most part, farmers. Among the contributory factors, we found respectively the abuse of antibiotics, either alone or in association with corticoids for general or local use (ear drops), bathing in lagoons, and diabetes. Bacterial infection is often associated with these mycoses--mainly streptococci and staphylococci aurei. Clinical signs are dominated by pruritus, dull pains, a feeling of fullness in the ear, or of burning in the pharynx. An association of systemic Miconazole and Amphotericin B (local use) has given the best results for candidiasis and aspergillosis. For rhinoentomophtorosis, treatment was long, and even disappointing, until the use of Ketoconazole which may without doubt be considered as the medicament of choice.

Plasma zinc and copper concentrations in pregnant Nigerian women and newborn.

Plasma zinc and copper concentrations were determined in a group of pregnant Nigerian women at various stages of gestation. The levels of these trace elements were also determined in paired maternal and cord blood at delivery. The results showed that the plasma levels rose with increase in gestation from 94.8 (+/- 20.6) micrograms/100 ml in the first trimester to 161.6 (+/- 22.4) micrograms/100 ml at term. This rise is statistically very significant (P less than 0.001). Conversely, there was a fall in the plasma zinc concentrations with increase in gestation--from 77.2 (+/- 14.8) micrograms/100 ml in the first trimester to 65.8 (+/- 15.3) micrograms/100 ml at term. However, this fall is not significant at the 5% level. The mean concentration of copper in the maternal blood at delivery was about three times the mean concentration of 54.6 (+/- 20.8) micrograms/100 ml found in the corresponding paired cord blood. There were no statistically significant differences in zinc concentrations found in maternal and paired cord blood at delivery. Statistically significant correlations were found between copper zinc concentrations and fetal birth weight.

[A case of mixed otomyiasis in Ivory Coast]. / Un cas d'otomyiase mixte en Côte-D'Ivoire.

Authors relate the first case of otomyiasis in Ivory Coast due to Chrysomyia bezziana and Sarcophaga sp. They insist on scarcity of such a localisation. Egg-laying and development of larvae in tympanum case was favoured by a preexisting cholesteatoma. Precise entomological diagnosis needs incubation of the larvae in Petri dishes.

[Biological health check-up for woodworkers in Ivory Coast: first results (author's transl)]. / Bilan biologique de santé chez les travailleurs du bois en Côte-d'Ivoire: premiers éléments.

A random sample of 125 woodworkers in Ivory Coast was subjected to a biological health check-up. Being relatively simple this check-up has allowed us however to reveal the following pathological states for subjects not complaining of any illness: 2 anemia, 25 haemoglobinopathies, I monoclonal dysglobulinemia, I massive dysglobulinemia with splenomegaly, 8 massive hypergammaglobulinemia. Otherwise the following frequent values gave been determined according to RICHTERICH's statistical approach: age, height, weight, hematocrite haemoglobinemia, haemoglobin type, proteinemia, lipidemia, cholesterolemia, triglyceridemia, alpha-lipoproteinemia, A. M. G. immunoglobulinemia.

[Anatomo-pathologic aspects of phycomycoses. 6 clinical cases observed in Ivory Coast]. / Aspects anatomo-pathologiques des phycomycoses. A propos de 6 cas observés en Côte-d'Ivoire

Six cases of superficial phycomycosis have been recently demonstrated in Ivory Coast, the total number of cases being therefore 8 in this country. After a brief review of the etiology, clinical studies, treatment, and geographical distribution of the 150 world cases known to-day, the author studies the histological lesions of this hypodermic granulatous inflammation, whose characteristic aspects (polynuclear micro-abcesses, palissade histiocytes, filaments sheathed in an eosinophil precipitate) are easy to recognise. These anatomopathological aspects vary according to the topography, clinical evolution and treatment. The author presents a summary of the only ultrastructure known today. He points out the significance of this anatomo-pathologic study, which shows the evolution of the immunitary reaction and permits a relatively precise pronostic.