ABSTRACT
Introduction et objectif : La pathologie developpementale du langage oral est une entite nosologique dont l'etiologie est multiforme. Cette etude avait pour objectif d'en determiner les caracteristiques epidemiologique et clinique a Abidjan. Population et methodes : cette etude retrospective et descriptive a ete realisee au CHU de Cocody et a l'institut national de sante publique ; de 2000 a 2006 (07ans). Resultats : 173 enfants parmi 1942 presentaient un trouble du langage oral (8;9). 124 enfants ont ete inclus dans l'etude. Leur age moyen etait de 3;4 ans. Il y avait 53 garcons pour 71 filles. Les motifs de consultation etaient domines par le retard de langage (39;5). Des antecedents pathologiques ont ete releves : la prematurite (5;64); la souffrance cerebrale (14;51); la meningite (5;64) et les convulsions non febriles (11;29). Ces troubles du langage etaient secondaires (46) a une affection otologique (23;4) ou neurologique (11;3). Conclusion : la pathologie developpementale du langage oral est frequente a Abidjan. Sa prise en charge doit etre codifiee afin de la rendre plus efficace
Subject(s)
Language Development , Language Development Disorders , Speech-Language PathologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Acute otitis media (AOM) is the commonest infectious disease of childhood. Its treatment is based on a probabilistic antibiotic therapy. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of different bacteria responsible for AOM in children in Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective study, between November 2002 and August 2003. To identify bacterial isolates, 60 children under 15 years old with AOM were enrolled. In 52 cases, the sample was recovered by aspiration of a spontaneous otorrhea and in eight cases, it was taken by paracentesis. Nasopharyngeal swabs were cultured. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed on isolates. RESULTS: 75% of children were under 24 months of age. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was recovered in 31.8% of cases followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (21%), Proteus (7.4%) and Staphylococcus (6.2%). The rate of penicillin-nonsusceptible S. pneumoniae (NSSP) was 11.8%. Resistance to erythromycin was 6%. For Pseudomonas, resistances to antibiotics were 35.5% to ceftazidim and 16% to pefloxacin, respectively, but all the strains were sensible to colistin, iminepem and ciprofloxacin. CONCLUSION: These data can modify therapeutic approaches for treatment of AOM in our country. This study should encourage surveillance of AOM microbiology.
Subject(s)
Otitis Media/microbiology , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Age Factors , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Cote d'Ivoire/epidemiology , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Female , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification , Haemophilus Vaccines , Humans , Infant , Male , Otitis Media/drug therapy , Otitis Media/epidemiology , Pneumococcal Vaccines , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
The authors report their experience of audiometric test in childhood (less than fifty years old). It's an adaptation of Delaroche protocol which was first described by the Bordeaux's team. This prospective study has been realized in their works conditions in Abidjan (Ivory Coast) on 75 children under five years of age (average 2,64 years). This protocol is essentially based on: at first, hearing evaluation with acoustic toys; secondly, bone conduction on the vibrator; at the end, air conduction on the head set. The analysis of the results on 75 children shows that there were 35 normal examinations, 5 conductive deafness, 32 sensorineural hearing loss among which 9 partial failures (hearing threshold non evaluated), 3 complete failures (refuse the test). The authors insist on the utility of audiometric tests in early management of hearing loss in young children.