[The value of poly-C-specific serum ribonuclease and CEA in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma (author's transl)]. / Zur Anwendbarkeit der Poly-C-spezifischen Serum Ribonuklease und des CEA in der Diagnose des Pankreaskarzinoms.

The possible role of poly(C)RNase serum activity and CEA serum level for early detection and differentiation of pancreatic carcinoma and its specificity and valuability were critically analyzed: Serum RNase (median, min-max) with polycytidin as substrate was determined in 13 "normal" patients (14.6 E/ml, 4.3--29.8 E/ml), 16 patients with pancreatic cancer (T3 or metastases) (17.6 E/ml, 6--49-9 E/ml), 15 patients with chronic pancreatitis (9.5 E/ml, 4.9--26.5 E/ml), 7 patients with acute pancreatitis (14.2 E/ml, 5.5--67.3 ng/ml), and 13 patients with other types of malignomas (15 E/ml, 4.3--42.5 E/ml). Serum CEA level was evaluated in 18 "normal" patients (1.15 ng/ml, 0--4.3 ng/ml), 12 patients with pancreatic carcinoma (T3 or metastases) (6.5 mg/ml, 2--456.5 ng/ml), 13 patients with chronic pancreatitis (2.3 ng/ml, 0--8.5 ng/ml), 8 patients with acute pancreatitis (2.7 ng/ml, 0.1--4.6 ng/ml) and 5 patients without operative verification of suspected pancreatic carcinoma (0.9 ng/ml, 0--1.7 ng/ml). The serum RNase activity in pancreatic cancer patients did not show any significant increase in comparison to the other groups, and these patients could not be distinguished from those with the other diseases when excluding other factors influencing serum RNase level such as: Renal insufficiency, nutrition, age, sex. Their CEA level was significantly higher in comparison to the other groups (p less than 0.05). Using 2.5 ng/ml as the limit, the sensitivity was found to be 80% (10/12 of pancreatic carcinomas positive) and the specificity being 70.5% (31/44 of other groups without malignant diseases negative). The presented study and data in the literature show that poly (C) RNase measurement is not useful in early detection of pancreatic carcinoma, but the CEA test could be helpful in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic diseases due to its specificity (70.5%) and seems to be valuable in detection of residual and in monitoring for recurrent pancreatic carcinoma in view of its sensitivity and correlation with the stage of cancer.

[Fractures of limbs with associated craniocerebral injuries]. / Fractures des membres avec traumatisme crânio-cérébral associé.

The authors have studied 37 cases of severe head injury with fractures of the limbs in Vienna. In 11 cases there was also a lesion of the trunk. The results of treatment are analysed. The authors conclude that early internal fixation of fractures is beneficial and leads to a lowered mortality by diminishing the number of secondary cerebral complications.

[A rare complication during insertion of a vena cava catheter according to the Seldinger method: fragmentation of the guide-spiral (author's transl)]. / Seltene Komplikation beim Anlegen eines oberen Hohlvenenkatheters nach der Seldinger-Methode: Bruch der Spirale.

This paper reports the occurrence (10 occasions) of fragmentation of the guide-spiral during catheterization of the superior vena cava in 9 patients according to the Seldinger method. Reasons for this severe complication are faults in the material, technical inadequacy or lack of supervision. Such complications are dangerous for the patient and have a high mortality. Better results can only be achieved by early diagnosis and--if possible--removal of the foreign body.