ABSTRACT
Common bean variety improvement programs focus on productivity increase as their main goal. However, some characteristics related to technological quality must also be analyzed in order to assure that new recommended cultivars satisfy key commercial standards, related to consumer acceptance. This study evaluated the technological quality of seeds from different carioca bean genotypes. We tested seeds from 25 bean genotypes, selected by the State Consortium for Research on Common Bean Improvement (including EMBRAPA, UFLA, UFV and EPAMIG) for the VCU assay of the carioca variety, including 21 new lines and 4 commercial cultivars, used as controls. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. We assessed the following traits: seed shape, seed constriction, 1000-seed weight, percentage of hard seeds, soluble solids content, cooking time, seed coat percentage, and hydration capacity. According to our results, the cultivars that met the commercial standards for seed shape and constriction were EMB14, CNFC 10432, CNFC 10408, EMB4, P-18163, Pérola and BRSMG Madrepérola. Genotypes MAIV-18259, VC-20, VC-23, RCII-219, CVIII-2, EMB4, MAIV-15204, CVIII-5, and BRSMG Majestoso had 1000-seed weight within carioca bean commercial standards (a minimum of 23g per 100 seeds). Most genotypes had no hard seeds. Lines CNFC 10408, MAIV-18259 and P-18163
O aumento de produtividade é o principal objetivo dos programas de melhoramento de feijão-comum. Contudo, algumas características relacionadas à qualidade tecnológica devem ser analisadas para assegurar que a recomendação de novas cultivares considere também aspectos comerciais importantes para a aceitação do consumidor. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade tecnológica de grãos de genótipos de feijão-comum do grupo comercial carioca. Foram utilizados grãos de 25 genótipos selecionados pelo convênio Estadual de pesquisa em melhoramento de feijão-comum (EMBRAPA, UFLA, UFV e EPAMIG) para compor o ensaio de VCU do grupo comercial carioca, sendo 21 novas linhagens e 4 cultivares comerciais usadas como testemunha. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com três repetições. As características avaliadas foram à forma e o grau de achatamento dos grãos, a massa de mil grãos, a porcentagem de grãos duros, o teor de sólidos solúveis, o tempo de cocção, a porcentagem de casca e a capacidade de hidratação. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que os genótipos que apresentam forma e grau de achatamento de acordo com o padrão comercial são EMB14, CNFC 10432, CNFC 10408, EMB4, P-18163, Pérola e BRSMG Madrepérola. Os genótipos MAIV-18259, VC-20, VC-23, RCII-219, CVIII-2, EMB4, MAIV-15204, CVIII-5, e BRSMG Majestoso apresentam massa de mil grã
ABSTRACT
Common bean variety improvement programs focus on productivity increase as their main goal. However, some characteristics related to technological quality must also be analyzed in order to assure that new recommended cultivars satisfy key commercial standards, related to consumer acceptance. This study evaluated the technological quality of seeds from different carioca bean genotypes. We tested seeds from 25 bean genotypes, selected by the State Consortium for Research on Common Bean Improvement (including EMBRAPA, UFLA, UFV and EPAMIG) for the VCU assay of the carioca variety, including 21 new lines and 4 commercial cultivars, used as controls. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. We assessed the following traits: seed shape, seed constriction, 1000-seed weight, percentage of hard seeds, soluble solids content, cooking time, seed coat percentage, and hydration capacity. According to our results, the cultivars that met the commercial standards for seed shape and constriction were EMB14, CNFC 10432, CNFC 10408, EMB4, P-18163, Pérola and BRSMG Madrepérola. Genotypes MAIV-18259, VC-20, VC-23, RCII-219, CVIII-2, EMB4, MAIV-15204, CVIII-5, and BRSMG Majestoso had 1000-seed weight within carioca bean commercial standards (a minimum of 23g per 100 seeds). Most genotypes had no hard seeds. Lines CNFC 10408, MAIV-18259 and P-18163
O aumento de produtividade é o principal objetivo dos programas de melhoramento de feijão-comum. Contudo, algumas características relacionadas à qualidade tecnológica devem ser analisadas para assegurar que a recomendação de novas cultivares considere também aspectos comerciais importantes para a aceitação do consumidor. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade tecnológica de grãos de genótipos de feijão-comum do grupo comercial carioca. Foram utilizados grãos de 25 genótipos selecionados pelo convênio Estadual de pesquisa em melhoramento de feijão-comum (EMBRAPA, UFLA, UFV e EPAMIG) para compor o ensaio de VCU do grupo comercial carioca, sendo 21 novas linhagens e 4 cultivares comerciais usadas como testemunha. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com três repetições. As características avaliadas foram à forma e o grau de achatamento dos grãos, a massa de mil grãos, a porcentagem de grãos duros, o teor de sólidos solúveis, o tempo de cocção, a porcentagem de casca e a capacidade de hidratação. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que os genótipos que apresentam forma e grau de achatamento de acordo com o padrão comercial são EMB14, CNFC 10432, CNFC 10408, EMB4, P-18163, Pérola e BRSMG Madrepérola. Os genótipos MAIV-18259, VC-20, VC-23, RCII-219, CVIII-2, EMB4, MAIV-15204, CVIII-5, e BRSMG Majestoso apresentam massa de mil grã
ABSTRACT
In common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding, plant selection that associate erect plant architecture, high yield, and grains with good commercial acceptance has been the choice of breeders. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate potential parents, to obtain promising segregating populations that associate high yield, erect plant architecture and carioca grain type, as well as to obtain information on heterosis, general and specific combining ability of these parents regarding grain yield and traits related to plant architecture. Fourteen common bean lines were crossed under a partial diallel scheme. Group 1 was composed by eight erect plant lines and group 2 by six carioca grain type lines. The F1's plants from the crosses and the 14 parents were evaluated during spring (Mar. sowing) for plant architecture grade, diameter of the hipocotyl, plant mean height, and grain yield. Predominance of additive effects was observed for plant architecture grade and diameter of the hypocotyls. For grain yield and plant mean height, there was a greater contribution of the dominance effects. Thus, selection of erect plants, with a larger diameter of the hypocotyl can be carried out in early generations; while for grain yield and plant mean height, it must be delayed, preferably, to later generations.
ABSTRACT
In common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding, plant selection that associate erect plant architecture, high yield, and grains with good commercial acceptance has been the choice of breeders. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate potential parents, to obtain promising segregating populations that associate high yield, erect plant architecture and carioca grain type, as well as to obtain information on heterosis, general and specific combining ability of these parents regarding grain yield and traits related to plant architecture. Fourteen common bean lines were crossed under a partial diallel scheme. Group 1 was composed by eight erect plant lines and group 2 by six carioca grain type lines. The F1's plants from the crosses and the 14 parents were evaluated during spring (Mar. sowing) for plant architecture grade, diameter of the hipocotyl, plant mean height, and grain yield. Predominance of additive effects was observed for plant architecture grade and diameter of the hypocotyls. For grain yield and plant mean height, there was a greater contribution of the dominance effects. Thus, selection of erect plants, with a larger diameter of the hypocotyl can be carried out in early generations; while for grain yield and plant mean height, it must be delayed, preferably, to later generations.