[Malaria pattern in French Guyana (author's transl)]. / Physionomie du paludisme en Guyane.

Study of malaria pattern in French Guyana from 121.175 parasitological data collected from 1970 to 1979. -- General incidence is moderate (6,4 p. 1.000) and the mean plasmodial index is 2,7 p. 100. These paludometric data have much increased in 1973 (9,7 p. 1.000 and 5 p. 100) and 1979 (10,8 p. 1.000 and 4 p. 100). This is the consequence of two convergent factors both strengthening vectors activity: a flow of malaria infested immigrants and meteorologic conditions (lengthy drought). Plasmodial species involved are P. falciparum (84 p. 100) and P. vivax (15 p. 100), P. malariae having just a negligible role. However, it must be noted that from 1977, P. vivax, already prevalent in Oyapok, seems to become more frequently rated. -- True autochtonous malaria is localized in border areas; exchanges from both sides of the river are frequent and call for a regional coordination control. A part of these permanently active micro-foci, periodic rises observed are related, in almost all cases, to the arrival of malaria infested migrants. This is specially obvious in Cayenne Island where a sanitary control of migrants from endemic areas should be considered. -- A. (N.) darlingi is in French Guyana the almost sole vector, except for Upper-Oyapok where A. (K.) neivai is responsible for a malaria caused by Bromeliaceae. In exceptional conditions and localized foci A. (N.) braziliensis and less often A. (N.) aquasalis may be effective vectors. -- Anti-vector measures require an increased control at preimaginal stade. This public-health additional option calls for an integrated control: Cayenne Island conditions are assembled to design and evaluate a model.

[Features of malaria in Guyana]. / Physionomie du paludisme en Guyane.

A paludometric study of the 1970-1979 decade in French Guyana, shows a 2.7% plasmodic index, with a mean incidence of 6.4 per 1,000 habitants and a very high prevalence of P. falciparum (84%). Anopheles darlingi, the principal vector, still remains sensitive to DDT after 30 years of insecticide utilisation. The autochthonous malaria occurs permanently in the bordering areas between Guyana and Brasil at the East and between Guyana and Surinam at the West. In the other parts of the country, in the Island of Cayenne particularly, seasonal epidemics appear during the dry months and are due to imported Plasmodium. Sanitary reglementation of immigration and an actualisation of the anti-vectorial programme control are proposed as prophylactic measures.

[Intestinal parasitoses in the child in French Guiana. Evaluation of a 4-year systematical survey in the C.H. of Cayenne]. / Les parasitoses intestinales chez l'enfant en Guyane. Bilan de quatre années d'exploration systématique au C. H. de Cayenne.

A systematic study on intestinal parasites in children of the Cayenne Hospital Center from 1974 to 1977 showed the following: 1(0) With a 26.1 0/0 total infestation index, nematodes are four times more frequently more responsible than protozoa; cestodes are extremely rare (T. saginata 0.8 0/0); trematodes are found only in allochthonous people from the Antilles (S. mansoni). 2(0) Age distribution shows an early nematode infestation. The nematodes infecting children by the oral way have a maximal incidence at the age of 3 to 6 years. Those infecting by the skin way are maximal at 6 to 12 years and keep afterwards a relatively stable incidence. Most carriers of E. dysenteriae cysts are those children who present vegetative forms of histolytica in 4.1 0/0 of the cases.