The effect of a training program on family stress and life satisfaction: A randomized controlled study of mothers of children with disabilities.

OBJECTIVE: This randomized controlled study focused on mothers of children with disabilities to determine the effect of a training program on family stress and life satisfaction. METHOD: The sample consisted of 52 mothers of children with disabilities (intervention group = 26 and control group = 26). The intervention group participated in a five-session training program on coping mechanisms and life satisfaction. Data were collected using the Questionnaire On Resource And Stress (QRS-FT) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). RESULTS: After the intervention, the mean life satisfaction scores of the intervention group participants increased (p < 0.05), while their mean total score of family stress decreased (p > 0.05). In the control group, the mean life satisfaction scores decreased (p > 0.05), while the mean total score of family stress increased (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The intervention helped mothers of children with disabilities experience more satisfaction with life and less family stress. Authorities should consider the outcomes of educational intervention studies and formulate training programs for mothers of children with disabilities. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Nurses can use interactive educational programs as nursing interventions to help mothers of children with disabilities experience less family stress and more life satisfaction.

Nursing and Maternity in the Pandemic: A Qualitative Study from Turkey.

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to examine the experiences and perceived challenges of nurses who are also mothers having a child during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: A descriptive phenomenological design. The study was conducted with 18 nurse mothers working at COVID-19 clinics in Turkey. RESULTS: Nurse mothers missed their children and are worried about infecting their children. Based on content analysis, the themes of the study were determined as follows: (1) Nursing Care Process, (2) Disruption of Family Processes, (3) Nurse Mother's Perspective: Being a Child in a Pandemic, and (4) Coping with Challenges-"Searching for a solution." CONCLUSIONS: Necessary conditions should be provided for nurses with children or family members in need of care and protocols should be made with relevant institutions.

What is already known on the subject? Nurses working in COVID-19 units wear protective equipment and work for a long time under difficult conditions. In addition, nurses who have children are separated from their children because of the fear of transmitting COVID-19.What does this study add? Therefore, nurses caring for COVID-19 patients should alternately be replaced by nurses working in other services. They should be given the opportunity to rest and spend time with their loved ones if they are not carriers of COVID-19.

Being a Nurse During a Worldwide Pandemic: A Qualitative Study Exploring Nurses' Perceived Challenges and Expectations During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey.

BACKGROUND: Determining the health-care experiences, problems, and difficulties of nurses during a pandemic is important to shape the measures of nursing care management. This study aimed to better understand clinical nurses' challenges and expectations surrounding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: A qualitative study with semi-structured interviews was conducted. The study sampling comprised of 48 clinical nurses who have worked in pandemic hospitals. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and evaluated based on the content analysis method. RESULTS: In this study, 6 main themes were determined as intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional/organizational, community, policies and system challenges, and expectations. Based on the results, nurses' perceived challenges were psychological distress, dilemma, safety and security issues, workload increased, disruption in family and social relationships, stigmatization encountered, and not making their voices heard enough due to the lack of nurses in the scientific advisory board. Nurses' expectations were determined as improvement of their personal rights and institutional psychosocial support. DISCUSSION: The results of this study can be used as a guide for action plans to support nurses, develop health-care protocols for safe patient care, and create family and pandemic support systems.

A cross-sectional study examining self-reported anthropometric measurements with adolescents' nutrition attitudes, obesity awareness and diet quality indices during the pandemic.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between adolescents' nutritional attitudes, obesity awareness, and diet quality with their self-reported anthropometric measurements taken during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN AND METHODS: This cross-sectional type of study was conducted in a district in the south of Turkey. The research was carried out online with 907 adolescents who agreed to participate voluntarily. RESULTS: Among the adolescents, 28.5% considered themselves overweight, and 32.1% were currently trying to lose weight. According to BMI, 16.1% were affected by overweight/obesity. Adolescents' nutritional attitudes and obesity awareness levels were moderate, while their KIDMED nutritional habits were also moderate. In this study, a negative relationship was found between the adolescents' ASHN mean scores and their body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, neck circumference, waist/hip ratio and waist/height ratio measurements; and between their OAS mean scores and their body weight, waist circumference, waist/hip ratio and waist/height ratio measurements; and between their KIDMED index scores and their waist/height ratio measurements (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The rate of adolescents who perceive themselves as overweight is higher than the results obtained from the measurement values. BMI levels and other anthropometric measurement values of adolescents with positive nutrition attitudes and physical activity behaviours are also positively affected. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: This study may have a significant impact on the formulation and implementation of interventions to prevent obesity and increase physical activity for school health nurses. Since the pandemic is still continuing, healthcare providers must stress the risk of obesity in adolescence.

Bullying and coping with bullying among obese\overweight and normal weight children.

This study aimed to determine the obese\overweight and normal weight children's status of encountering and coping with bullying and the correlational factors. This case-control study was conducted with 1.680 students in the second level (5th, 6th, 7th, 8th grades) from September 24, 2018 to May 31, 2019 in the Mediterranean Region in Turkey. The data were collected using a personal information form, the Traditional Peer Victimization Scale and the Coping with Bullying Scale. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, Mann-Whitney U test, Binary Logistic Regression, Backward Wald Elimination, and Simple Linear and Backward Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression analyses. This study indicated that the risk of becoming victims, bullies or bully-victims increases among boys and 8th grade students. It also found that the risk of being victims and bully-victims increases among children whose father is illiterate. There was no significant difference between obese\overweight and normal weight children in terms of being victims, bullies and bully-victims. Grade level, academic performance, father's education level and awareness of reporting bullying were effective in coping with bullying among the children, while weight was not. Further studies are needed to determine different factors that affect children's coping strategies against bullying.

Childhood abuse, neglect, codependency, and affecting factors in nursing and child development students.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the relationship of neglect and abuse behaviors experienced by nursing and child development students during their childhood with codependency, and the factors affecting codependency. DESIGN AND METHODS: This is a descriptive and correlational study. The study was conducted with 292 students who were studying at a Faculty of Health Sciences. FINDINGS: A positive relationship was found between neglect and abuse behaviors that lead to trauma in childhood, and codependency. It was determined that there was a negative relationship between students' codependency and childhood traumatic experiences and their levels of self-esteem, depression and coping with stress. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: In the educational processes, it is possible to focus on students' unresolved problems with their families, and the signs of codependency.

Social Media Addiction in High School Students: A Cross-Sectional Study Examining Its Relationship with Sleep Quality and Psychological Problems.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of social media addiction with sleep quality and psychological problems in high school students. The study is a cross-sectional, correlational type. The study was conducted with 1,274 students receiving education in a district located in the western region of Turkey. For the collection of the data, a Descriptive Information Form, the Social Media Addiction Scale for Adolescents (SMASA), the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the Sleep Quality Scale (SQS) and the Sleep Variables Questionnaire (SVQ) were used. Among the high school students who participated in the research, 49.3% stated that they had been using social media for 1-3 years, 53.9% reported that they spent 1-3 h per day on social media, and 42.8% stated that they placed their telephone under their pillow or beside their bed while sleeping. Students' mean scores were 16.59 ± 6.79 (range: 9-45) for the SMASA, 16.54 ± 4.27 (range: 0-40) for total difficulties, and 14.18 ± 1.56 (range: 7-21) for the SQS, while their sleep efficiency value was 97.9%. According to the research model, difficulties experienced by high school students increase their social media addiction, while they decrease prosocial behaviours. Social media addiction in high school students decreases students' sleep efficiency (p < 0.05). It is considered important to conduct further public health studies for children and adolescents related to the risks caused by the excessive use of technology, the consequences of social media addiction, measures to protect psychological health, sleep programmes and the importance of sleep quality.

Digital risks and adolescents: The relationships between digital game addiction, emotional eating, and aggression.

Nowadays, weight gain and obesity are major health-threatening issues for children. Emotional eating, a negative health condition that can lead to obesity in children, is a defence mechanism for coping with negative emotions. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the relationships between emotional eating behaviour and digital game addiction, which can cause stress and aggression in adolescents. This study was conducted with 856 adolescents from the Mediterranean region of Turkey. The data were collected using a personal information form, the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ), the Digital Game Addiction Scale (DGAS-7), and the Emotional Eating Scale (EES). In this study, 32.4% of the adolescents were addicted to digital games. The male adolescents had higher BPAQ, DGAS, and EES mean scores. There was also a relationship between digital game addiction, aggressive behaviour, and emotional eating. This is a significant study because it shows that digital game addiction and aggressive behaviour are important determinants of emotional eating. The results of this study indicate that emotional eating is a component of digital game addiction that increases the risk of adolescent obesity.

Determination of burnout, life satisfaction, and stress coping styles of parents with disabled children.

PURPOSE: This study determined problems, fatigue, life satisfaction, family stress, and coping strategies of families who had a disabled child and the relationships between them. DESIGN AND METHODS: This descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted with 191 parents of children with disabilities. FINDINGS: As the life satisfaction of childcare providers increased, their emotional exhaustion decreased and sense of personal accomplishment increased (p < 0.05). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: It is necessary that nurses and health team members should provide regular and continuous education for burnout, life satisfaction, family stress and coping styles to parents of disabled children using interactive education techniques and group interactions.

The Effect of Behavioral System Model Based Nursing Intervention on Adolescent Bullying.

AIM: The study was conducted experimentally with pre-post tests and a control group to determine the effect of Behavioral System Model based education that given by the creative drama method on adolescent bullying. METHOD: As a result of the power analysis performed, eighty-three students (43 in study group, 40 in control group) attending 7th degree were recruited. Education is given in nine sessions with creative drama method. Data were collected with Individual Information Form, Traditional Peer Bullying Scale, Problem-Solving Inventory for Children, and the Empathy Index for Children. Data were analyzed with decrease/increase in percentage, Cronbach α, chi-square, two way/two factor repeated measures analysis of variance (Post-Hoc: Bonferroni) and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS: The decrease in percentage in the mean Traditional Peer Bullying Scale scores of study group students was higher than those of control group (p<0.05). Mean pre-education 1st measurement Traditional Peer Bullying Scale scores of study group students were reduced in the post-education 2nd and 3rd measurements (p<0.05). The increase in percentage in the mean Problem-Solving Inventory for Children and Empathy Index for Children scores of study group students was higher than those of control group (p<0.05). The mean pre-education 1st measurement scores of PSIC and Empathy Index for Children was increased in post-education 2nd and 3rd measurements (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Drama education is effective on prevention of bullying, and that may be used in prevention programs.

Can positive parenting program (Triple P) be useful to prevent child maltreatment?

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the effect of the positive parenting program (Triple P) on child maltreatment, children's behaviors, and coping strategies of mothers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was the pretest-posttest quasiexperimental design. Secondary care state hospital located in the Cappadocia region between January and February 2016. This study was conducted with mothers (n: 138) of children aged between 4 and 12 years, 126 mothers were available to finish the study. Triple P was provided to the mothers in totally three sessions as once per a week. Mothers filled the scales and parent-child information form before the intervention and just after the intervention. Parent-child information form, child behavior checklist, and ways of coping inventory were administered to the mothers. RESULTS: It was determined that after the training, mean scores obtained by the children from the subscales of anxiety, social problems, somatic complaints, attention problems, rule-breaking, and aggressive behaviors decreased (P < 0.05) and desperate approach and submissive approach mean scores of the mothers decreased (P < 0.001) whereas their social support mean scores increased (P < 0.05). In addition, the mothers, who stated that they were frequently looking angry (17.4%), yelling (24.6%), sometimes humiliating (27.7%) to their children, and injured their faces (6.3%) in the past 1 month, said that they did these behaviors to their children at lower rate at the end of the training (3.9%, 17.4%, 19.8%, and 0.0%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: It was determined that Triple P was effective in reducing children's behavioral problems and improving mothers' strategies of coping with stress and contributed the reduction of emotional and physical abuse applied to children. It is recommended to ensure the continuity of these training programs.