[Isolation of lactate dehydrogenase-C4 from human spermatozoa]. / Vydelenie laktatdegidrogenazy-C4 iz spermatozoidov cheloveka.

Lactate dehydrogenase-C4 (LDH) is a specific cell isoenzyme of spermatogenesis and spermatozoa of man and animals. Due to the lower levels of contaminating proteins, isolation of LDH C4 from spermatozoa had a lot of advantages. LDH C4 was isolated as follows: precipitation with ammonium sulfate, separation of LDH C4 from other LDH isoenzymes using immunosorbents, purification from contaminating proteins of oxamate-Sepharose. Antibodies to LDH1-3 immobilized on tresyl-Sepharose were used as immunosorbents. Elution of LDH C4 from oxamate-Sepharose by means of lithium lactate appeared inadequate therefore LDH C4 was eluted using 0.63 mM sodium pyruvate.

[Control over prostatic functional activity]. / Kontrol' za funktsional'noi aktivnost'iu predstatel'noi zhelezy.

The investigation of the tendency in the development of benign hyperplasia of the prostate is a crucial point in decision on the treatment initiation, schedule and policy. In view of this, the knowledge of the intensity of cellular proliferation and secretion, i.e. prostatic functional activity, in line with detrusor assessment is held essential. Optimal criteria of this value can be obtained by histological examination of prostatic biopsies, investigation of androgen and estrogen receptors in distant adenomatous nodes, by comparison of various biochemical ingredients in prostatic secretion. Twelve biochemical ingredients of prostatic secretion were studied in patients of the control group, in those with prostatic stones, adenoma, chronic prostatitis. The treatment included either androgenic, or antiandrogenic, or estrogenic therapy. Prostatic secretion biochemistry analyzed mathematically showed fluctuations in zinc ions concentration which appeared most significant. It is inferred that zinc ion concentration in prostatic secretion must be considered a significant means of overall evaluation of prostatic function able to represent the capacity of glandular epithelium for response to androgenic stimulation or estrogenic (antiandrogenic) inhibition of secretory and proliferative processes.

[Zinc metabolism in male rats with a transplanted ovary]. / Metabolizm tsinka u krys-samtsov pri transplantatsii iaichnika.

Results of the research on the concentration of zink ions in the blood serum and prostate tissue, urine excretion level by means of heterotropic transplantation of the ovary to castrated rats (males) are presented. The degree of the organism estrogenization was assessed by determining the estradiol concentration in the blood serum by the radio-immune method. The research has shown that castration leads to a zink concentration decrease in the blood serum and its reduced excretion with the urine. A significant rise in the concentration of estradiol in the blood serum did not influence the zink metabolism in the organism.

[The role of the functional interrelation of the adrenals and testes in the pathogenesis of sterility in patients with left-sided varicocele]. / Rol' funktsional'noi vzaimosviazi nadpochechnikov i iaichek v patogeneze besplodiia u bol'nykh s levostoronnym varikotsele.

Selective renal phlebography, phlebotonometry, selective analysis of the blood from the renal veins and vena cava inferior for the activity of plasma renin, catecholamines, prostaglandins E2, pO2 and pCO2, peripheral blood analysis for levels of progesterone, androstendione, testosterone, ACTH, ACTH-tolerance test, orchidometry, ejaculate microscopy, evaluation of seminal plasma testosterone, trochanter index and parameters of sexual maturation were performed during the treatment of 70 patients with left varicocele. Based on the results the authors concluded that not only the left testicle, but the left adrenal was involved in the course of organic renal venous hypertension. A significant feedback correlation was revealed between the peripheral blood progesterone and the left kidney venous pressure (r = -0.50, p less than 0.01) and between the peripheral blood progesterone and the number of motile spermatozoa in the ejaculate (r = -0.31, p less than 0.05). Pathogenesis of organic renal venous hypertension and spermatogenesis failure were supplemented by the conclusion that the left adrenal central vein was the first to involve into the compensation of venous hypertension. Retrograde alterations in the direction of the blood flow in the left adrenal central vein resulted in the abnormal stimulation of steroidogenesis in the cortical layer. The excessive production of antiandrogenic steroid hormones by the left adrenal gland was a cause of spermatogenesis damage in both testicles. The blockage of the left adrenal androgenic hormones of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system can deteriorate the process.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Proteolytic activity of human ejaculate]. / Proteoliticheskaia aktivnost' éiakuliata cheloveka.

Studies of the ejaculate proteolytic activity, viscosity, and protein concentration in patients with various spermatogenesis levels have revealed that viscosity and proteolysis directly depend on the count of spermatozoa in the ejaculate. Lower values were associated with azospermia. A clear-cut correlation was detected between these parameters and the inflammatory process in the prostate. Exacerbation of chronic prostatitis results in decrease of the ejaculate viscosity and activation of the proteolytic enzymes, this being confirmed by sperm protein electrophoresis, whereas the protein concentration is essentially reduced. These findings necessitate further investigations of the aforesaid parameters over the course of treatment for chronic prostatitis.

[The role of disorders of mineralocorticoid function of the adrenal glands in the development of infertility in patients with left-side varicocele]. / Rol' narushenii mineralogliukokortikoidnoi funktsii nadpochechnikov v razvitii besplodiia u bol'nykh s levostoronnim varikotsele.

A combined study, including phlebography, phlebotonometry, orchidometry, morphometric determination of microcirculatory testicular volume, microscopic and biochemical ejaculate studies, determination of peripheral blood levels of adrenocortical mineral glucocorticoid hormones before and after ACTH administration in the blood, sampled from various veins prior to phlebography, assessment of osmolality, pO2 and pCO2 in the blood samples from spermatic venous plexus, left renal vein and intrarenal portion of the vena cava inferior, and determination of plasma renin activity in renal veins, was conducted in 55 patients with varicocele. A considerable increase in orthostatic blood pressure of the left spermatic venous plexus is demonstrated that may be due to retrograde blood flow in the left testicular venous plexus, resulting in a microcirculatory disturbance and gradual atrophy of a testicle. There was a correlation between the severity of varicocele and left-testicular volume which was absent for total testicular volume, while microcirculatory volumes of the testes differed significantly, suggesting the absence of hemodynamic disorders in the contralateral testicle and, consequently, no spermatogenetic impairment due to hemodynamic changes in cases of a unilateral varicocele. Phlebographic and phlebotonometric evidence points to a retrograde blood flow through the central vein of the left adrenal. The results of adrenal functional studies demonstrate a significant tendency to adrenal hypersynthesis of aldosterone and cortisol in patients with varicocele. A correlation demonstrated between peripheral blood cortisol level and the proportion of spermatozoa with abnormal headpiece structure in the ejaculate has suggested a cause-and-effect relationship between adrenal dysfunction and infertility in patients with varicocele.

The role of impairment of adrenal mineraloglucocorticoid function in the development of infertility in varicocele patients.

The study was aimed at the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of the impairment of spermatogenesis in varicocele patients. The crucial role of tension increase in the venous plexus of the spermatic cord in spermatogenesis damage in the testis on the varicocele side and absence of any effect of haemodynamic abnormalities on spermatogenesis in the complementary testis has been determined. Retrograde blood flow through the central vein of the left adrenal gland in varicocele has been evidenced by X-ray examination. The role of this phenomenon in the changes of functional activity of the adrenal gland is discussed. Results of the study of functional status of adrenal glands revealed their tendency to provide hyperactivity in synthesis of mineraloglucocorticoids. Correlation between cortisol level in peripheral blood and percentage of abnormal sperm in ejaculate was shown. This fact supported the idea about the existence of a causal interrelationship between abnormalities in the functional status of adrenal glands and development of infertility in varicocele patients.

[Regulation of L-asparaginase biosynthesis in mutants of Bacillus mesentericus 43A, poorly growing in the presence of aspartic acid]. / Reguliatsiia obrazovaniia L-asparaginazy u mutantov Bacillus mesentericus 43A, slabo rastushchikh v prisutstvii asparaginovoi kisloty

Biosynthesis of L-asparaginase (EC 3.5.1.1) was inhibited in the growing culture of Bac. mesentericus 43A on addition of L-aspartic acid (20 mM). My treatment with methyl nitrosourea (2 mg/ml) mutants were obtained, which grew poorly on aspartic acid used as the only source of carbon and nitrogen. The aspartic acid did not repress the asparaginase biosynthesis in 8 strains, found between the mutants. In six of these mutants the asparaginase biosynthesis was inhibited by means of the type of catabolite repression. The data obtained suggest that in Bac. mesentericus 43A the asparaginase biosynthesis is controlled more likely by two independent mechanisms: 1) specific repression with aspartic acid as an end product and 2) catabolite repression.

[Crystallin synthesis in the lens of newborn mice]. / Izuchenie sinteza kristallinov v khrustalike novorozhdennykh myshei

Lenses of newborn mice were incubated for different time in the Hanks solution containing 14C-amino acids mixture. Syntheses of gamma-crystallin and subunits of alpha-crystallin were shown to start at the first minute of the incybation. The incorporation rate of 14C-amino acids into gamma-crystallin was twice as high as that into alpha-crystallin within 5 minutes of the incubation. The assembly of alpha-crystallin tetramers took place after 5 minutes from the beginning of the incubation. Preincubation with actinomycin D for 3 and 6 hours resulted in the decrease of 14C-amino acids incorporation into gamma-crystallin only. These data suggest that the synthesis of gamma-crystallin takes place on both short-lived and long-lived mRNAs. Alpha-Crystallin subunits are supposed to synthesize only on long-lived mRNAs.