Non-Hodgkin lymphoma mortality disparities across different sexes, races, and geographic locations.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is one of the most common hematological cancers in the United States. The mortality rate of NHL in the United States is the sixth highest among all cancers. Our cross-sectional study aims to examine the trends and disparity in NHL mortality. We analyzed death certificate data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) United States to determine the NHL mortality trends among the U.S. population aged ≥15 years. NHL (ICD-10 C82-85) was listed as the underlying cause of death. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 individuals and joinpoint trend analysis were performed to determine the average annual percent change (AAPC) in AAMR trends. From 1999 to 2020, NHL accounted for 457,143 deaths in the United States, of which 54% are men and 46% are women. The NHL AAMR decreased significantly from 10.59 to 6.21 per 100,000 individuals with an AAPC of -2.55. Men had a higher AAMR than women (10.10 vs 6.29 per 100,000 individuals). Whites recorded the highest AAMR (8.43 per 100,000 individuals), followed by Hispanics (6.32 per 100,000 individuals), Blacks (5.71 per 100,000 individuals), American Indians (5.31 per 100,000 individuals), and Asians (5.10 per 100,000 individuals). Those who lived in the Midwest and the rural areas had the highest AAMR at 8.60 and 8.35 per 100,000 individuals respectively. Despite the declining NHL mortality rate, this study calls for targeted intervention to improve outcomes for susceptible individuals affected by NHL.

Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma has recently been recognized as an entity, with few reports describing the two common subtypes: in situ (indolent) and infiltrative. Recently, the infiltrative subtypes have been shown to be more aggressive requiring adjuvant chemotherapy. We report a rare case of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) in a 65-year-old Caucasian female following silicone breast implantation and multiple capsulectomies. We discuss the rare presentation of this disease, histopathologic features of the indolent and infiltrative subtypes of ALCL, and their clinical significance. We also review the literature for up-to-date information on the diagnosis and clinical management. Treatment modalities including targeted therapy are also discussed. Although BIA-ALCL is rare, it should always be considered as part of the differential diagnosis especially in women with breast implants. Given the increasing rate of breast reconstruction and cosmetic surgeries, we anticipate a continuous rise in incidence rates of this rare disease; thus, caution must be taken to avoid misdiagnosis.

Unusual Presentation of a Small-Cell Variant of Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma Case: When a Septic Picture Is Not Sepsis.

We report a case of a small-cell variant of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, with an unusual clinical presentation mimicking sepsis and a fulminant clinic course, in a 48-year-old Caucasian female. In this report, we discuss the diagnostic challenge, histopathologic features, and unique cytogenetic features of this case, in order to raise awareness of this rare presentation and emphasize the importance of meticulous peripheral smear examination and early bone marrow evaluation.

Apixaban for treatment of confirmed heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a case report and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a life and limb-threatening condition caused by the binding of platelet-activating antibodies (IgG) to multimolecular platelet factor 4 (PF4)/heparin complexes because of heparin exposure. The by-product of this interaction is thrombin formation which substantially increases the risk of venous and/or arterial thromboembolism. Currently, only one anticoagulant, argatroban, is United States Food and Drug Administration-approved for management of HIT; however, this agent is expensive and can only be given by intravenous infusion. Recently, several retrospective case-series, case reports, and one prospective study suggest that direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are also efficacious for treating HIT. We further review the literature regarding current diagnosis and clinical management of HIT. CASE PRESENTATION: A 66-year-old male patient developed HIT beginning on day 5 post-cardiovascular surgery; the platelet count nadir on day 10 measured 16 × 109/L. Both the PF4-dependent ELISA and Serotonin-release assay were strongly positive. Despite initial anticoagulation with argatroban (day 6), the patient developed symptomatic Doppler ultrasound-documented bilateral lower extremity deep vein thrombosis on day 14 post-surgery. The patient was transitioned to the DOAC, apixaban, while still thrombocytopenic (platelet count 108) and discharged to home, with platelet count recovery and no further thrombosis at 3-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: We report a patient with serologically confirmed HIT who developed symptomatic bilateral lower limb deep vein thrombosis despite anticoagulation with argatroban. The patient was switched to oral apixaban and made a complete recovery. Our patient case adds to the emerging literature suggesting that DOAC therapy is safe and efficacious for management of proven HIT.

Primary Extranodal Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Prostate: A Case Report.

We report a case of primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the prostate in a 54-year-old Caucasian male who presented with urinary retention and benign prostatic hyperplasia. We discuss the rare presentation of this disease and its clinicopathologic features and review the literature for up-to-date information on the diagnosis and clinical management. Despite the low incidence of lymphoma involving the prostate gland, it should always be considered as part of the differential diagnosis in cases of prostate gland enlargement with urinary tract obstructive symptoms resistant to medical therapy. Treatment modalities for this rare disease are also discussed.

Methyl jasmonate induced apoptosis in human prostate carcinoma cells via 5-lipoxygenase dependent pathway.

Methyl jasmonate--a plant stress hormone with striking resemblance to lipoxygenase products have been reported to induce apoptosis in several cancers. However, 5-HETE--a product of the lipoxygenase pathway has been implicated in human prostate cancer progression and yet possible interaction between methyl jasmonate and the lipoxygenase pathway has not been reported, thus, leaving some unanswered questions on the mechanism(s) of action by methyl jasmonate. Using cytotoxicity and flow cytometry assays (BrdU assay) as well as fluorescence microscopy, we investigated the effects of the methyl jasmonate on the proliferation of human prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines (DU-145, PC-3) in vitro and the potential interaction between methyl jasmonate and the lipoxygenase pathway. Methyl jasmonate (MJ) significantly (p = 0.01) inhibited the proliferation of human prostate carcinoma cells in dose- and kinetic-dependent manners and showed specific interaction with 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) enzyme pathway. Flow cytometric analyses and fluorescence microscopy confirmed that the inhibition of proliferation was via the induction of apoptosis. Based on our findings, it can be proposed that the interaction of methyl jasmonate with 5-lipoxygenase pathway may participate in the observed anticarcinogenic property.