Single-site laparoscopy in gynecology: preliminary study of a series of 50 cases / Laparoscopia por portal único em ginecologia: estudo preliminar de uma série de 50 casos

Objective: to describe the initial experience of a gynecology team, at a tertiary care center, when performing single-port laparoscopic surgery. Methods: this is a retrospective study reviewing the medical records of 50 patients treated at the outpatient gynecology clinic of our institution between June 2012 and July 2013 who underwent single-port laparoscopic surgery. This study was approved by the institution’s Ethics in Research Committee. Results: the mean age of patients is 37.8 years, ranging from 18 to 70 years, and the most frequent surgical indications were adnexal mass (72%) and chronic pelvic pain (24%). The mean operative time was 94.4 minutes with a mean hospital stay of 25.8 hours. There were no perioperative complications. We recorded two conversions to laparotomy due to technical difficulties during the procedure. All cases of conversion had pelvic adhesions. All operative complications were successfully treated and none were considered severe. Conclusion: this is one of the largest case series in the literature regarding surgical treatment by single-port laparoscopy in gynecology and presents evidence on reduction of surgical morbidity and satisfactory cosmetic results. We conclude that single-port laparoscopy is a viable minimally invasive technique, and that it contributes to the construction of a new scenario in modern gynecological surgery. .

Objetivo: descrever a experiência inicial da equipe de ginecologia, em um centro de referência, na realização de cirurgia laparoscópica por portal único. Métodos: trata-se de estudo retrospectivo, com a revisão dos prontuários de 50 pacientes atendidas no ambulatório de ginecologia do Hospital da Baleia – Fundação Benjamin Guimarães, entre junho de 2012 e julho de 2013, e que foram submetidas a tratamento cirúrgico laparoscópico por portal único. Este trabalho foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da instituição. Resultados: a idade média das pacientes incluídas no estudo é de 37,8 anos, variando entre 18 e 70 anos, e as indicações cirúrgicas mais frequentes foram massa anexial (72%) e dor pélvica crônica (24%). O tempo médio cirúrgico foi de 94,4 minutos, com tempo de internação médio de 25,8 horas. Em nenhum caso ocorreu qualquer tipo de complicação perioperatória. Registraram-se duas conversões para laparotomia por dificuldade técnica durante o procedimento. Todos os casos de conversão apresentavam aderências pélvicas. Todas as complicações operatórias foram tratadas com sucesso e nenhuma delas foi considerada grave. Conclusão: esta é uma das maiores séries de casos da literatura em relação ao tratamento cirúrgico por laparoscopia de portal único em ginecologia e apresenta resultados que sugerem a redução da morbidade cirúrgica e resultados estéticos satisfatórios. Concluímos que a laparoscopia por portal único é uma técnica minimamente invasiva viável e que traz importante contribuição à construção de um novo cenário na cirurgia ginecológica moderna. .

Difference of endothelial function during pregnancies as a method to predict preeclampsia.

BACKGROUND: Systemic endothelial dysfunction has been identified as one of the main events in preeclampsia (PE). A nonhealthy vascular endothelium can be pointed out as the pathophysiological explanation of the clinical manifestations and complications of PE. Once normal pregnancy is characterized by a constant increase in endothelial function, a follow-up of this physiological event could be used as an early marker or a prediction tool to predict PE. OBJECTIVES: To perform a longitudinal assessment of endothelial function, using an ultrasound study of brachial artery flow Flow-mediated dilation (FMD), in normotensive and preeclamptic pregnancies, to evaluate the difference of FMD values along the second trimester of pregnancy to predict PE. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective cohort study, 91 pregnant women with a high risk of developing PE were subjected to FMD of the brachial artery. The difference in the FMD values, between 16(+0) and 19(+6) and 24(+0) and 27(+6) weeks of gestation were compared, taking PE development into consideration. Receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curves were created to determine the sensibility and specificity of FMD difference to predict PE. RESULTS: A total of 19 patients developed PE and the other 72 women remained normotensive until 1 week after delivery. When considering a cut off of +2.50 %, FMD difference, between the two evaluations, sensitivity for PE prediction was 87.5 % for early onset PE and 95.5 % for late PE. CONCLUSION: The difference of FMD values between the second trimester of pregnancy can be used for PE prediction for both, early and late forms of PE.

Single-site laparoscopy in gynecology: preliminary study of a series of 50 cases.

OBJECTIVE: to describe the initial experience of a gynecology team, at a tertiary care center, when performing single-port laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: this is a retrospective study reviewing the medical records of 50 patients treated at the outpatient gynecology clinic of our institution between June 2012 and July 2013 who underwent single-port laparoscopic surgery. This study was approved by the institution's Ethics in Research Committee. RESULTS: the mean age of patients is 37.8 years, ranging from 18 to 70 years, and the most frequent surgical indications were adnexal mass (72%) and chronic pelvic pain (24%). The mean operative time was 94.4 minutes with a mean hospital stay of 25.8 hours. There were no perioperative complications. We recorded two conversions to laparotomy due to technical difficulties during the procedure. All cases of conversion had pelvic adhesions. All operative complications were successfully treated and none were considered severe. CONCLUSION: this is one of the largest case series in the literature regarding surgical treatment by single-port laparoscopy in gynecology and presents evidence on reduction of surgical morbidity and satisfactory cosmetic results. We conclude that single-port laparoscopy is a viable minimally invasive technique, and that it contributes to the construction of a new scenario in modern gynecological surgery.

Intervenções obstétricas no parto pré-termo: revisão da literatura e atualização terapêutica / Obstetric interventions in preterm birth: a literature review and therapeutic update

A prematuridade constitui-se em tema de grande repercussão em saúde pública e individual. Persiste como a maior causa de morbimortalidade perinatal e suas consequências envolvem efeitos imediatos e tardios potencialmente graves. Existe ainda grande limitação na identificação precoce dos casos de trabalho de parto pré-termo quanto à adoção de medidas capazes de prevenir suas complicações, entretanto, muitos avanços foram obtidos em função de como melhor oferecer assistência àgestante e ao recém-nascido, além da difusão de centros de terapia intensiva neonatal. Esta revisão objetiva apresentar as medidas terapêuticas capazes de minimizar as consequências do parto pré-termo. Devem ser empregadas, sempre que houver indicação, as medicações para tocólise, maturação pulmonar fetal, neuroproteção e prevenção de infecções, uma vez que qualquer intervenção capaz de melhorar o prognóstico fetal possui forte impacto social, psicológico e financeiro nas famílias afetadas por esse problema.

Prematurity is an important theme that impacts greatly both public and individual health. It is still the highest cause of morbimortality in the perinatal period and its consequences include potentially severe immediate and late effects. Although there are still severe limitations to the early identification of preterm labor as well as in the measures to avoid complications, many advances have been made in terms of assistance topregnant mothers and neonates, including more widespread neonatal intensive care centers. This review aims to present therapeutic measures that can minimize the consequences of preterm delivery. Whenever indicated, medication for tocolysis, fetus lung maturation, neural protection, and infection prevention must be prescribed, given that any intervention capable of improving fetal prognosis has relevant social, psychological and financial impact on affected families.