Performance of three colposcopic images for the identification of squamous and glandular cervical precursor neoplasias.

PURPOSE: To evaluate prevalence and diagnostic performance of three colposcopic images to diagnose squamous and glandular cervical precursor neoplasias. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, conducted through analysis of stored digital colposcopic images. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of three images, herein named grouped glands, aceto-white villi, and atypical vessels, for detection of adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN) grades 2 and 3, calculations of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive likelihood ratio, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and area under the curve (AUC) were made, with their respective 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Grouped glands, aceto-white villi, and atypical vessels images had: prevalence of 21.3, 53.8, and 33.8% in patients with AIS, and 16.2, 19.5, and 9.3% in those with CIN 2 and 3; for the diagnosis of AIS, sensitivity of 21.3, 53.8, and 33.8%, specificity of 89.8, 95.2, and 94.9%, accuracy of 76.6, 87.2, and 83.1%, positive likelihood ratio of 2.1, 11.2, and 6.6, and AUC of 0.55, 0.74, and 0.64; for the diagnosis of CIN 2 and 3, sensitivity of 16.2, 19.5, and 9.3%, specificity of 89.8, 95.2, and 94.9%, accuracy of 39.4, 43.4, and 36.3%, positive likelihood ratio of 1.6, 4.1, and 1, 8, and AUC of 0.53, 0.57, and 0.52, respectively. CONCLUSION: Prevalence and accuracy of the three images were higher for the diagnosis of glandular than squamous cervical precursor neoplasias. Sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood, and AUC of aceto-white villi and atypical vessels images were higher for the diagnosis of glandular than squamous cervical precursor neoplasias.

Performance of Conventional Cytology and Colposcopy for the Diagnosis of Cervical Squamous and Glandular Neoplasias.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the cytological and colposcopic performances for the diagnosis of cervical neoplasias. METHODS: Cross-sectional retrospective study with data from patients' charts. The participants underwent colposcopy, guided biopsies, and excision when needed. The cytological and colposcopic categorization followed the Bethesda System and the international colposcopic terminologies. The cytology and colposcopy performances were evaluated by sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) analyses with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS: From 1,571 participants, a total of 1,154 (73.4%) were diagnosed with cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN 2+), 114 (7.2%) with adenocarcinoma in situ or worse (AIS+), 615 (39.2%) presented atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or worse (ASC-H+) cytology, and 934 (59.4%) presented major or suspicious for invasion colposcopic abnormalities. The SE, SP, PPV, and NPV of ASC-H+ for diagnoses of CIN 2+ and AIS+ were, respectively: 44% (95% CI: 41-47) and 72% (95% CI: 67-76), 79% (95% CI: 77-81) and 79% (95% CI: 75-83), 88% (95% CI: 87-90) and 55% (95% CI: 50-60), and 28% (95% CI: 26-31) and 88% (95% CI: 85-91). The SE, SP, PPV, and NPV of major or suspicious for invasion colposcopic abnormalities for diagnoses of CIN 2+ and AIS+ were, respectively: 62% (95% CI: 60-65) and 86% (95% CI: 83-89), 59% (95% CI: 57-62) and 59% (95% CI: 55-64), 85% (95% CI: 83-87) and 44% (95% CI: 40-49), and 29% (95% CI: 27-32) and 92% (95% CI: 89-94). CONCLUSION: The SE analyses results of ASC-H+ and major or suspicious for invasion colposcopic abnormalities were higher for diagnoses of glandular neoplasias. These results confirm the role of cytology in identifying women at risk who will have their final diagnoses settled by colposcopy and histology.

OBJETIVO: Estimar o desempenho da citologia e colposcopia no diagnóstico das neoplasias cervicais. MéTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de corte transversal com dados coletados em prontuários. Foram incluídas participantes que foram submetidas a colposcopia, biópsia e excisão quando necessário. A categorização da citologia e da colposcopia seguiram a terminologia de Bethesda e a classificação colposcópica internacional. Os desempenhos da citologia e colposcopia foram avaliados por análises de sensibilidade (S), especificidade (E), valor preditivo positivo (VPP) e valor preditivo negativo (VPN), com intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC 95%). RESULTADOS: Das 1.571 participantes, um total de 1.154 (73,4%) foram diagnosticadas com neoplasia intraepitelial escamosa cervical de grau 2 ou mais grave (NIC 2+), 114 (7,2%) com adenocarcinoma in situ ou mais grave (AIS+), 615 (39,2%) apresentaram células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado, quando não se pode excluir lesão intraepitelial de alto grau ou mais grave (ASC-H+) e 934 (59,4%) tiveram achados colposcópicos maiores ou suspeitos de invasão. Os valores de S, E, VPP e VPN das ASC-H+ para o diagnóstico de NIC 2+ e AIS+ foram, respectivamente: 44% (IC 95%: 41­47) e 72% (IC 95%: 67­76), 79% (IC 95%: 77­81) e 79% (IC 95%: 75­83), 88% (IC 95%: 87­90) e 55% (IC 95%: 50­60) e 28% (IC 95%: 26­31) e 88% (IC 95%: 85­91). Os valores de S, E, VPP e VPN dos achados colposcópicos maiores ou suspeitos de invasão para o diagnóstico de NIC 2+ e AIS+ foram, respectivamente: 62% (IC 95%: 60­65) e 86% (IC 95%: 83­89), 59% (IC 95%: 57­62) e 59% (IC 95%: 55­64), 85% (IC 95%: 83­87) e 44% (IC 95%: 40­49) e 29% (IC 95%: 27­32) e 92% (IC 95%: 89­94). CONCLUSãO: Os resultados das análises de S de ASC-H+ e achados colposcópicos maiores ou suspeitos de invasão foram mais elevados para o diagnóstico das neoplasias glandulares. Esses resultados confirmam o papel da citologia na identificação de mulheres em risco que terão seus diagnósticos definidos por colposcopia e histologia.

Performance of conventional cytology and colposcopy for the diagnosis of cervical squamous and glandular neoplasias / Desempenho da citologia convencional e da colposcopia para o diagnóstico de neoplasias cervicais escamosas e glandulares

Abstract Objective To estimate the cytological and colposcopic performances for the diagnosis of cervical neoplasias. Methods Cross-sectional retrospective study with data from patients' charts. The participants underwent colposcopy, guided biopsies, and excision when needed. The cytological and colposcopic categorization followed the Bethesda System and the international colposcopic terminologies. The cytology and colposcopy performances were evaluated by sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) analyses with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results From 1,571 participants, a total of 1,154 (73.4%) were diagnosed with cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN 2+), 114 (7.2%) with adenocarcinoma in situ or worse (AIS+), 615 (39.2%) presented atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or worse (ASC-H+) cytology, and 934 (59.4%) presented major or suspicious for invasion colposcopic abnormalities. The SE, SP, PPV, and NPV of ASC-H+ for diagnoses of CIN 2+ and AIS+ were, respectively: 44% (95% CI: 41-47) and 72% (95% CI: 67-76), 79% (95% CI: 77-81) and 79% (95% CI: 75-83), 88% (95% CI: 87-90) and 55% (95% CI: 50-60), and 28% (95% CI: 26-31) and 88% (95% CI: 85-91). The SE, SP, PPV, and NPV of major or suspicious for invasion colposcopic abnormalities for diagnoses of CIN 2+ and AIS+were, respectively: 62% (95% CI: 60-65) and 86% (95% CI: 83-89), 59% (95% CI: 57-62) and 59% (95% CI: 55-64), 85% (95% CI: 83-87) and 44% (95% CI: 40-49), and 29% (95% CI: 27-32) and 92% (95% CI: 89-94). Conclusion The SE analyses results of ASC-H+ and major or suspicious for invasion colposcopic abnormalities were higher for diagnoses of glandular neoplasias. These results confirm the role of cytology in identifying women at risk who will have their final diagnoses settled by colposcopy and histology.

Resumo Objetivo Estimar o desempenho da citologia e colposcopia no diagnóstico das neoplasias cervicais. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo de corte transversal com dados coletados em prontuários. Foram incluídas participantes que foram submetidas a colposcopia, biópsia e excisão quando necessário. A categorização da citologia e da colposcopia seguiram a terminologia de Bethesda e a classificação colposcópica internacional. Os desempenhos da citologia e colposcopia foram avaliados por análises de sensibilidade (S), especificidade (E), valor preditivo positivo (VPP) e valor preditivo negativo (VPN), com intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC 95%). Resultados Das 1.571 participantes, um total de 1.154 (73,4%) foram diagnosticadas com neoplasia intraepitelial escamosa cervical de grau 2 ou mais grave (NIC 2+), 114 (7,2%) com adenocarcinoma in situ ou mais grave (AIS+), 615 (39,2%) apresentaram células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado, quando não se pode excluir lesão intraepitelial de alto grau ou mais grave (ASC-H+) e 934 (59,4%) tiveram achados colposcópicos maiores ou suspeitos de invasão. Os valores de S, E, VPP e VPN das ASCH + para o diagnóstico de NIC 2+ e AIS+ foram, respectivamente: 44% (IC 95%: 41-47) e 72% (IC 95%: 67-76), 79% (IC 95%: 77-81) e 79% (IC 95%: 75-83), 88% (IC 95%: 87-90) e 55% (IC 95%: 50-60) e 28% (IC 95%: 26-31) e 88% (IC 95%: 85-91). Os valores de S, E, VPP e VPN dos achados colposcópicos maiores ou suspeitos de invasão para o diagnóstico de NIC 2+ e AIS+ foram, respectivamente: 62% (IC 95%: 60-65) e 86% (IC 95%: 83-89), 59% (IC 95%: 57-62) e 59% (IC 95%: 55-64), 85% (IC 95%: 83-87) e 44% (IC 95%: 40-49) e 29% (IC 95%: 27-32) e 92% (IC 95%: 89-94). Conclusão Os resultados das análises de S de ASC-H+ e achados colposcópicos maiores ou suspeitos de invasão foram mais elevados para o diagnóstico das neoplasias glandulares. Esses resultados confirmam o papel da citologia na identificação de mulheres em risco que terão seus diagnósticos definidos por colposcopia e histologia.