Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 4 de 4
Filter
Add more filters










Publication year range
1.
Front Immunol ; 9: 1021, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29867989

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL) is a rare disease form associated with Leishmania (L.) amazonensis in South America. It represents the "anergic" pole of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis, and the explanation for its resistance to treatment remains elusive. We aimed to study some possible immunological mechanisms involved in the poor DCL treatment response by evaluating some cell surface molecules obtained from a patient with DCL by flow cytometry. Case presentation: A 65-year-old DCL patient who initially failed to respond to the standard treatment for the disease showed vacuolated macrophages filled with amastigotes in lesion biopsy, and L. (L.) amazonensis was identified through ITS1PCR amplification. The Leishmania skin test and indirect immunofluorescence analysis revealed negative results. Peripheral blood from the patient was collected after a few months of treatment, when the patient presented with no lesion. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed ex vivo and in vitro after 48 h of stimulation with soluble L. (L.) amazonensis antigen (SLA). Cell death, surface molecules, and intracellular molecules, such as IFN-γ and granzyme B, were analyzed in the cells using flow cytometry. Analysis of the surface markers showed an increased expression of the inhibitory molecule programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in the monocytes restimulated with SLA (approximately 65%), whereas the negative controls were 35% positive for PD-L1. Conversely, compared with the negative controls, we observed a decrease in CD4+IFN-γ+ T cells (8.32 versus 1.7%) and CD8+IFN-γ+ T cells (14% versus 1%). We also observed a relevant decrease in the granzyme B levels in the CD8+ T cells, from 31% in the negative controls to 5% after SLA restimulation. Conclusion: The dysfunctional activation of PD-L1 inhibitory pathway after Leishmania antigen stimulation and reduced levels of IFN-gamma and granzyme B-producing cells could be closely related to unresponssiveness to standard drug treatment of DCL patient.


Subject(s)
B7-H1 Antigen/genetics , Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Aged , Antigens, Protozoan/immunology , B7-H1 Antigen/immunology , Biopsy , Cytokines/immunology , Flow Cytometry , Granzymes/immunology , Humans , Interferon-gamma/immunology , Leishmania , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous , Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous/drug therapy , Macrophages/parasitology , Macrophages/pathology , Male , Monocytes/drug effects , Monocytes/parasitology , Skin/parasitology , Skin/pathology , T-Lymphocytes/pathology , Treatment Failure
2.
Front Immunol ; 7: 287, 2016.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27536300

ABSTRACT

Visceral leishmaniasis is a severe form of the disease, caused by Leishmania infantum in the New World. Patients present an anergic immune response that favors parasite establishment and spreading through tissues like bone marrow and liver. On the other hand, Leishmania braziliensis causes localized cutaneous lesions, which can be self-healing in some individuals. Interactions between host and parasite are essential to understand disease pathogenesis and progression. In this context, dendritic cells (DCs) act as essential bridges that connect innate and adaptive immune responses. In this way, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of these two Leishmania species, in some aspects of human DCs' biology for better understanding of the evasion mechanisms of Leishmania from host innate immune response. To do so, DCs were obtained from monocytes from whole peripheral blood of healthy volunteer donors and from those infected with L. infantum or L. braziliensis for 24 h. We observed similar rates of infection (around 40%) as well as parasite burden for both Leishmania species. Concerning surface molecules, we observed that both parasites induced CD86 expression when DCs were infected for 24 h. On the other hand, we detected a lower surface expression of CD209 in the presence of both L. braziliensis and L. infantum, but only the last one promoted the survival of DCs after 24 h. Therefore, DCs infected by both Leishmania species showed a higher expression of CD86 and a decrease of CD209 expression, suggesting that both enter DCs through CD209 molecule. However, only L. infantum had the ability to inhibit DC apoptotic death, as an evasion mechanism that enables its spreading to organs like bone marrow and liver. Lastly, L. braziliensis was more silent parasite, once it did not inhibit DC apoptosis in our in vitro model.

3.
Salvador; s.n; 2013. 77 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-710746

ABSTRACT

A leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA) tem como principal agente etiológico a L. braziliensis e é uma das afecções dermatológicas que merece mais atenção, por seu alto coeficiente de detecção e sua capacidade de produzir deformidades. O neutrófilo é considerado a primeira linha de defesa contra agentes infecciosos ou substâncias estranhas e o seu rápido recrutamento para os tecidos é fundamental para o sistema imune inato. No modelo murino de infecção por L. braziliensis, mostramos um constante recrutamento de neutrófilos para o sítio de infecção. Baseados nesses resultados, nós formulamos uma hipótese que os neutrófilos desempenham um papel importante durante os estágios iniciais de infecção com L. braziliensis. Assim, conduzimos experimentos com neutrófilos recrutados com tioglicolato e neutrófilos derivados de medula óssea. Inicialmente, observamos que os neutrófilos são prontamente infectados com parasitas opsonizados com soro fresco. O contato entre neutrófilos e L. braziliensis ativou os neutrófilos, aumentando a expressão de CD18 e diminuindo a expressão de CD62L. Essa ativação levou à produção de superóxido, secreção de elastase e liberação de TNF-a. O contato com L. braziliensis não impediu a apoptose dos neutrófilos e a destruição dos parasitas internalizados. Utilizando anticorpos específicos para neutrófilos, observamos o aumento significativo no número de parasitas em animais depletados de neutrófilos. Em paralelo, o contato dos neutrófilos com L. braziliensis levou à secreção de quimiocinas, capazes de induzir o recrutamento de células dendríticas. Os neutrófilos, portanto, desempenham um papel importante no combate ao parasita no período inicial da infecção por L. braziliensis.


Subject(s)
Animals , Leishmania braziliensis/pathogenicity , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/parasitology , Neutrophils/metabolism
4.
Salvador; s.n; 2008. 63 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-540442

ABSTRACT

A Leishmaniose Tegumentar (LT) constitui um grave problema de saúde pública no Brasil. As células T reguladoras (CD4+CD25+) (Tregs) executam um papel geral na regulação imune, prevenindo uma resposta imune patológica induzida. As Tregs naturais são definidas a partir da expressão constitutiva de CD25, CTLA-4, GITR, CD103 e FoxP3, entre outros marcadores. As células Tregs, ao se acumularem no sítio de infecção por Leishmania, suprimem a proliferação de células T CD4+CD25-, levando à persistência do parasita por mecanismos dependentes de IL-10. Nosso objetivo foi caracterizar a população de células Treg em camundongos BALB/c infectados e re-infectados com L. Braziliensis e avaliar se estas células estão relacionadas com a persistência do parasota. Células T CD4+CD25+, obtidas de camundongos infectados, expressam diferentes marcadores de superfície de Tregs (CD103, GITR, FoxP3) e foram capazes de suprimir a proliferação das células T CD4+CD25-. Observamos também a produção IFN-y e IL-10 por parte de células T CD4+CD25+. Observamos que os parasitas persistem no lifondo e no baço cuja infecção, contudo na orelha, o número de parasitas diminui com a cicatrização da lesão. Observamos também que não há reativação da lesão após o desafio. Nossos resultados mostram que as células Tregs estão presentes na infecção experimental por L. Braziliensis e sugerem que estas células estão associadas com a ausência de reativação da doença após um desafio.


Subject(s)
Animals , /analysis , Leishmania braziliensis , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/immunology , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology , Skin/immunology , Lymphocyte Activation , Mice, Inbred BALB C/immunology , Skin/pathology
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...