ABSTRACT
A commercial resin-based pine oil (PO) derived from Pinus palustris and Pinus elliottii was the major focus of this investigation. Extracts of pine resins, needles, and bark are folk medicines commonly used to treat skin ailments, including burns. The American Burn Association estimates that 500,000 people with burn injuries receive medical treatment each year; one-half of US burn victims are children, most with scald burns. This systematic study was initiated as follow-up to personal anecdotal evidence acquired over more than 10 years by MH Bhattacharyya regarding PO's efficacy for treating burns. The results demonstrate that PO counteracted dermal inflammation in both a mouse ear model of contact irritant-induced dermal inflammation and a second degree scald burn to the mouse paw. Furthermore, PO significantly counteracted the tactile allodynia and soft tissue injury caused by the scald burn. In mouse dorsal root ganglion neuronal cultures, PO added to the medium blocked adenosine triphosphate-activated, but not capsaicin-activated, pain pathways, demonstrating specificity. These results together support the hypothesis that a pine-oil-based treatment can be developed to provide effective in-home care for second degree burns.
Subject(s)
Burns/drug therapy , Ganglia, Spinal/drug effects , Pinus/chemistry , Plant Oils/pharmacology , Adenosine Triphosphate , Animals , Capsaicin , Cells, Cultured , Dermatitis/drug therapy , Disease Models, Animal , Hyperalgesia/drug therapy , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Inbred ICR , Neurons/drug effects , Neurons/metabolism , Pain/drug therapy , Resins, Plant/pharmacology , Skin/pathologyABSTRACT
A radiographic hallmark in pulmonary agenesis is opacification of the ipsilateral hemithorax with displacement of the mediastinum in the direction of the agenetic lung. We believe this case report is the first in which the mediastinum was not displaced; instead, the liver and intact hemidiaphragm were displaced cephalad, preventing cardiac malposition. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography enabled us to diagnose this anomaly precisely.
Subject(s)
Lung/abnormalities , Mediastinum/diagnostic imaging , Bronchi/abnormalities , Bronchography , Contrast Media , Diaphragm/diagnostic imaging , Female , Heart/diagnostic imaging , Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Liver/diagnostic imaging , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Artery/abnormalities , Pulmonary Artery/diagnostic imaging , Pulmonary Veins/abnormalities , Pulmonary Veins/diagnostic imaging , Radiographic Image Enhancement , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Pesticides are known to function as substrates, inhibitors and inducers of drug-metabolizing enzymes, with the same compound frequently acting in more than one of these roles. Current studies of phase I metabolism of pesticides include cytochrome P450 (P450) and the flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO), with particular reference to individual isozymes. In mouse liver, the level of FMO1 is gender dependent, FMO3 is gender specific, while FMO5 appears to be gender independent. The isozyme specificity of methylenedioxyphenyl synergists for induction of P450 in mouse liver involves P450s 1A1, 1A2 and 2B10, including a non-Ah receptor-dependent mechanism for 1A2 induction. The substrate specificity of mouse and human P450 and FMO isozymes is discussed.
Subject(s)
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism , Oxygenases/metabolism , Pesticides/metabolism , Animals , Humans , Mice , Substrate SpecificityABSTRACT
The case of bilateral ovarian fibromas occurring in an 8-year-old black girl is reported. These lesions occur rarely in premenarchal females and may be a manifestation of Nevoid Basal Cell Syndrome. Calcifications are reported to occur rarely in ovarian fibromas but seem to occur frequently in fibromas in children. Management is guided by the benignity of the lesion and consists of surgical excision of the fibroma. Preservation of normal ovarian tissue is recommended with the acknowledged risk of recurrence of the fibroma.
Subject(s)
Fibroma/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/diagnosis , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis , Child , Female , Fibroma/surgery , Humans , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/surgery , Ovarian Neoplasms/surgeryABSTRACT
Nine cases of fetuses with pleural effusions are presented in which the diagnosis was made by ultrasound before the thirtieth week of gestation. A ratio of lung span to hemithorax diameter was calculated and ranged from 0.44 to 0.77 (mean 0.60). At autopsy, pulmonary hypoplasia was confirmed in all cases by criteria based on the ratio of lung weight to total body weight. Because pleural effusions occurring in the midtrimester can be detected and may lead to pulmonary hypoplasia, consideration should be given to definitive in utero therapy when no other major fetal abnormality is detected.
