ABSTRACT
Calcific tendinopathy of the rotator cuff is a common cause of shoulder pain. Inflammation of the rotator cuff tendons may be complicated by adjacent bone erosion and subsequent migration of calcific deposits within the bone resulting in marrow inflammation. Bone marrow involvement is not readily visible using X-ray and ultrasound (US) and further testing is necessary. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a highly sensitive technique that can detect a focal bone T1 and T2-weighted hypointensity with bone marrow edema-like signal and cortical erosion. These findings can mislead the radiologist by suggesting an infectious or neoplastic lesion, often requiring further evaluation with computed tomography (CT) and biopsy. We report two cases of patients with shoulder pain in which different radiological approaches were used with pathological confirmation in one of them. In the first case, MRI revealed significant bone involvement in the head of the humerus and cortical erosion of the greater tuberosity. A CT examination and a biopsy was necessary for a final diagnosis of inflammatory bone reaction from intraosseous migration of tendinous calcifications. In the second case, similar MRI findings prompted re-evaluation of imaging to make a diagnosis of intraosseous migration of tendinous calcifications, obviating the need to perform CT and biopsy. We illustrate MRI signs of this complication that we think would allow to narrow the differential diagnosis potentially avoiding biopsy and additional CT examinations.
Subject(s)
Calcinosis/diagnostic imaging , Rotator Cuff/diagnostic imaging , Tendinopathy/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Calcinosis/pathology , Calcinosis/therapy , Conservative Treatment , Contrast Media , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Image-Guided Biopsy , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Rotator Cuff/pathology , Tendinopathy/pathology , Tendinopathy/therapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
A terminal and unsupported chromium(III) hydroxide is reported. The terminal hydroxide is used to synthesize the first example of a heterobimetallic Ti-O-Cr compound containing an unsupported µ-oxo bridge. The heterobimetallic complex exhibits a new absorbance at 288 nm (4.32 eV), which is assigned to a metal-to-metal charge transfer (MMCT) transition.
Subject(s)
Chromium/chemistry , Coordination Complexes/chemistry , Hydroxides/chemistry , Oxygen/chemistry , Titanium/chemistry , Coordination Complexes/chemical synthesis , Crystallography, X-Ray , Electrochemical Techniques , Molecular Conformation , Oxidation-Reduction , Solar EnergyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The development of computational Grids is making huge amounts of computing power and data storage available for a lot of scientific applications. At this stage of development, the use of the Grid is mainly based on Command Line Interface (CLI) tools that are not very friendly and can be considered an obstacle to the use of these powerful tools. The objective of this paper is to present a solution to this problem. METHODS: To ease the access of new users to the grid the GENIUS (Grid Enabled web eNvironment for site Independent User job Submission) grid portal has been jointly developed by INFN and NICE within the context of both the Italian INFN Grid and the European DataGrid Projects. Here we devote particular care to the description of job creation and submission and the services for transparent access to user's data and applications. RESULTS: Using GENIUS, the obstacle of complicated CLI can be overtaken and simple web interfaces can be built for specific user communities and applications. Here we show examples in the field of bio-medical applications. CONCLUSIONS: The use of Grid can be made easy with the use of Grid portals such as GENIUS.
