Distribution of pectins in the pollen apertures of Oenothera hookeri.velans ster/+ster.

Cell wall pectins are some of the most complex biopolymers known, and yet their functions remain largely mysterious. The aim of this paper was to deepen the study of the spatial pattern of pectin distribution in the aperture of Oenothera hookeri.velans ster/+ster fertile pollen. We used "in situ" immunocytochemical techniques at electron microscopy, involving monoclonal antibodies JIM5 and JIM7 directed against pectin epitopes in fertile pollen grains of Oenothera hookeri.velans ster/+ster. The same region was also analyzed by classical cytochemistry for polysaccharide detection. Immunogold labelling at the JIM7 epitope showed only in mature pollen labelling mainly located at the intine endo-aperture region. Cytoplasmic structures near the plasma membrane of the vegetative cell showed no labelling gold grains. In the same pollen stge the labelling at the JIM5 epitope was mostly confined to a layer located in the limit between the endexine and the ektexine at the level of the border of the oncus. Some tubuli at the base of the ektexine showed also an accumulation of gold particles. No JIM5 label was demonstrated in the aperture chamber and either in any cytoplasmic structure of the pollen grains. The immunocytochemical technique, when compared with the traditional methods for non-cellulose polysaccharide cytochemistry is fare more sensitive and allows the univocal determination of temporal and spatial location of pectins recognized by the JIM7 and JIM5 MAbs.

Distribution of pectins in the pollen apertures of Oenothera hookeri: velans ster/+ster

Cell wall pectins are some of the most complex biopolymers known, and yet their functions remain largely mysterious. The aim of this paper was to deepen the study of the spatial pattern of pectin distribution in the aperture of Oenothera hookeri.velans ster/+ster fertile pollen. We used "in situ" immunocytochemical techniques at electron microscopy, involving monoclonal antibodies JIM5 and JIM7 directed against pectin epitopes in fertile pollen grains of Oenothera hookeri.velans ster/+ster. The same region was also analyzed by classical cytochemistry for polysaccharide detection. Immunogold labelling at the JIM7 epitope showed only in mature pollen labelling mainly located at the intine endo-aperture region. Cytoplasmic structures near the plasma membrane of the vegetative cell showed no labelling gold grains. In the same pollen stge the labelling at the JIM5 epitope was mostly confined to a layer located in the limit between the endexine and the ektexine at the level of the border of the oncus. Some tubuli at the base of the ektexine showed also an accumulation of gold particles. No JIM5 label was demonstrated in the aperture chamber and either in any cytoplasmic structure of the pollen grains. The immunocytochemical technique, when compared with the traditional methods for non-cellulose polysaccharide cytochemistry is fare more sensitive and allows the univocal determination of temporal and spatial location of pectins recognized by the JIM7 and JIM5 MAbs.

Distribution of pectins in the pollen apertures of Oenothera hookeri: velans ster/+ster

Cell wall pectins are some of the most complex biopolymers known, and yet their functions remain largely mysterious. The aim of this paper was to deepen the study of the spatial pattern of pectin distribution in the aperture of Oenothera hookeri.velans ster/+ster fertile pollen. We used "in situ" immunocytochemical techniques at electron microscopy, involving monoclonal antibodies JIM5 and JIM7 directed against pectin epitopes in fertile pollen grains of Oenothera hookeri.velans ster/+ster. The same region was also analyzed by classical cytochemistry for polysaccharide detection. Immunogold labelling at the JIM7 epitope showed only in mature pollen labelling mainly located at the intine endo-aperture region. Cytoplasmic structures near the plasma membrane of the vegetative cell showed no labelling gold grains. In the same pollen stge the labelling at the JIM5 epitope was mostly confined to a layer located in the limit between the endexine and the ektexine at the level of the border of the oncus. Some tubuli at the base of the ektexine showed also an accumulation of gold particles. No JIM5 label was demonstrated in the aperture chamber and either in any cytoplasmic structure of the pollen grains. The immunocytochemical technique, when compared with the traditional methods for non-cellulose polysaccharide cytochemistry is fare more sensitive and allows the univocal determination of temporal and spatial location of pectins recognized by the JIM7 and JIM5 MAbs. (AU)

Distribution of pectins in the pollen apertures of Oenothera hookeri.velans ster/+ster.

Cell wall pectins are some of the most complex biopolymers known, and yet their functions remain largely mysterious. The aim of this paper was to deepen the study of the spatial pattern of pectin distribution in the aperture of Oenothera hookeri.velans ster/+ster fertile pollen. We used [quot ]in situ[quot ] immunocytochemical techniques at electron microscopy, involving monoclonal antibodies JIM5 and JIM7 directed against pectin epitopes in fertile pollen grains of Oenothera hookeri.velans ster/+ster. The same region was also analyzed by classical cytochemistry for polysaccharide detection. Immunogold labelling at the JIM7 epitope showed only in mature pollen labelling mainly located at the intine endo-aperture region. Cytoplasmic structures near the plasma membrane of the vegetative cell showed no labelling gold grains. In the same pollen stge the labelling at the JIM5 epitope was mostly confined to a layer located in the limit between the endexine and the ektexine at the level of the border of the oncus. Some tubuli at the base of the ektexine showed also an accumulation of gold particles. No JIM5 label was demonstrated in the aperture chamber and either in any cytoplasmic structure of the pollen grains. The immunocytochemical technique, when compared with the traditional methods for non-cellulose polysaccharide cytochemistry is fare more sensitive and allows the univocal determination of temporal and spatial location of pectins recognized by the JIM7 and JIM5 MAbs.

[Achilles tendon ossification and achillodynia]. / Ossificazione del tendine di Achille e achillodinia.

Achilles tendon ossification is a rare and asymptomatic condition. The possible sequelae of tendinitis, bursitis and fracture are some of the causes of achillodynia. Achillodynia is often unrelieved by conservative management and excision of the ossification may be necessary. Moreover, ossification were found in 3 of 41 patients with spontaneous rupture of the Achilles tendon. Predisposing degenerative changes of the tendon were found in all patients. Thus there is no evidence that ossification by itself may increase the risk of tendon rupture.

Traumatic lesions of the triradiate cartilage.

Traumatic lesions of the triradiate cartilage (TC) are a rare occurrence and at a high risk for premature closure with consequent acetabular dysplasia and subdislocation of the femoral epiphysis. Based on their experience (5 cases: 2 type II and 3 type V according to the Salter-Harris classification system) and on the literature, the authors affirm that the most significant prognostic factors of this acetabular dysplasia are the age of the patient (under 10 years) and the type of lesion (Salter-Harris type V). After emphasizing how difficult it is to make a diagnosis (which is often made later on), the authors take into consideration some traumatic lesions of the pelvis and hip which by means of different mechanisms may influence the TC: fracture of the ilio- and ischio-pubic branches, fracture of the neck and detachment of the proximal epiphysis of the femur, traumatic dislocation of the hip. These lesions are often the only indirect sign of lesion, even severe ones, of the TC, and require accurate diagnostic testing (ultrasonography, CAT, MRI).

[Plate osteosynthesis in complex fractures of the tibial plateau]. / L'osteosintesi con placca nelle fratture complesse del piatto tibiale.

The authors report their experience in the treatment of complex fractures of the tibial plateau (epi-metaphyseal and comminuted bicondylar and spinotuberosity fractures) using the Kerboull epiphyseal plate and autogenous cancellous bone grafts if sinking occurs. It is not always possible to perfectly restore joint anatomy and stability. Plate fixation ensures solidity by not exposing the load-bearing axis, eliminating the risk that the tibial plate will later give way and thereby allowing early mobilization and rapid functional recovery of the knee. The authors emphasize the importance of both consensual treatment of possible ligament tears and preservation, when possible, of the meniscus. They claim that the frequent complications can only be prevented by careful preliminary assessment of general and local conditions which may absolutely or relatively contraindicate this type of surgery.

[Dermatotenodesis in the treatment of "mallet finger"]. / La dermatotenodesi nel trattamento del "Mallet finger".

"Tenodermodesis" is a surgical technique devised and recommended in order to correct chronic mallet finger deformity. In the last ten years, at the I Orthopedic Clinic of Padua University, tenodermodesis combined with a longitudinal transarticular Kirschner wire fixation has been used for treating a total of 25 mallet fingers: 20 acute and 5 chronic lesions. This lesion was always due to a simple tendon injury with a flexion deformity up to 45 degrees. Based on the results, the authors suggest the use of this techniques for treating acute lesions especially in young people, whatever finger has been injured. The reason why the authors themselves are not capable of giving a significant opinion on the validity of the method in the treatment of chronic mallet deformity is the small number of patients treated.

[Traumatic luxation of the hip in children]. / Considerazioni sulla lussazione traumatica dell'anca nell'età evolutiva.

The authors report the long-term results of the non-surgical treatment of 15 cases of traumatic dislocation of the hip during the growth age, followed-up after an average of 14 years (5-26 years). There were 14 cases of posterior dislocation and 1 case of anterior dislocation (the latter complicated by ischemia due to compression of the common femoral artery), in patients aged from 3.5 to 15 years (average age 11 years). All of the cases were treated by non-surgical reduction under general anesthesia in an emergency situation, and a plaster cast which was worn for 30-55 days. At long-term follow-up the results were evaluated as follows good, with complete healing, in 67% of the cases; fair, with moderate, non-symptomatic radiographic arthritic changes, in 26%; poor in only 1 case (7%) which was complicated by necrosis of the femoral head. Post-traumatic arthrosis and cephalic necrosis were observed in patients aged more than 10 years, and where fracture was associated with the dislocation, indicating trauma of considerable intensity. The duration of immobilization in a plaster cast and no weight-bearing did not influence the results. Traumatic hip dislocation during the growth age has a better prognosis as compared to that occurring during adult age. Particularly favorable prognostic factors are age under 10 years and the absence of fractures associated with the dislocation.

[Septic arthritis in children]. / Considerazioni sull'artrite settica del bambino.

Seventy-five cases of children affected with septic arthritis for a total of 85 joints were followed-up after an average of 6 years and 9 months and evaluated according to Rigault clinical and radiographic criteria. Prognosis of the disease was related to age (less favorable results during neonatal age), to the joint affected (the hip and shoulder obtained the worst results, the knee the best), and to delay in diagnosis. Early and suitable surgical treatment associated with systemic antibiotic therapy is required.

[Double fractures of the tibia: comparison of methods of treatment]. / Le fratture bifocali di tibia: metodi di trattamento a confronto.

The experience regarding the treatment of bifocal fractures at the Orthopedic Clinic of the University of Padua during a five-year period (1980-1985) is reported. The bloodless method has been abandoned in favor of modern osteosynthesis techniques, which have permitted a shorter healing time, with fewer cases of hospitalization and a more favorable outcome.

[Lesions of the ulnar collateral ligament of the metacarpo-phalangeal joint of the thumb: anatomic study and classification]. / Le lesioni del comparto legamentoso ulnare della metacarpo-falangea del pollice: studio anatomico e classificazione.

The collateral ulnar ligament of the first metacarpo-phalangeal joint was studies in anatomical specimens in order to evaluate the relationship between pathological anatomy of the lesion and joint laxity. The clinical and X-ray evaluation of the valgus stretched joint led to the correct indications for treatment.

[Conservative treatment of acromioclavicular luxation]. / Il trattamento incruento della lussazione acromion-claveare.

The authors consider the conservative treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation and present a revision of 59 cases treated by Desault bandage and thoraco-brachial cast (mean follow up 46 mos). The indications to conservative treatment are pointed out and the good functional results are stressed.

Osteosynthesis of fractures of the upper end of the radius.

Osteosynthesis of fractures of the head of the radius is regarded with disfavour by many ortophaedic surgeons, who prefer excision of the fractured head. However, osteosynthesis is capable of producing excellent results, as long as the correct indications are observed and it is carried out with minimal trauma, and by simple, small methods of synthesis. The authors report 13 cases treated by this method.

Supraintercondylar fractures of the humerus--treatment by the Vigliani osteosynthesis.

Nineteen cases of supraintercondylar fractures of the humerus treated by the Vigliani osteosynthesis technique are described. This consists of wide transolecranon exposure of the fracture, stabilisation of the epiphyseal fragments with a transcondylar screw, and of the metaphyseo-epiphyseal junction with two condylo-diaphyseal "Eiffel Tower" Kirschner wires. The ulnar nerve is transposed anteriorly and the operation is carried out early in order to prevent neural disturbances and intra and/or periarticular ossification. The results confirm the validity of this method, which respects the delicate structure of this part of the humerus. Postoperative plaster is necessary as an indispensable complement to "minimum" osteosynthesis but this is quite free from risk. The importance of careful and gradual mobilisation of the elbow is also confirmed. Finally, this method combines the advantages of stable osteosynthesis in compression (screw and nut) at the epiphyseal site, with those of elastic osteosynthesis (Kirschner wires) at the metaphyseo-epiphyseal junction.