ABSTRACT
The original intention for building a tissue-engineered heart valve (TEHV) was to simulate a normal heart valve and overcome the insufficiency of the commonly used heart valve replacement in the clinic. The endothelialization of the TEHV is very important as the endothelialized TEHV can decrease platelet adhesion and delay the valvular calcification decline process. In this work, we encapsulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) into polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles. Then, through the Michael addition reaction, PCL nanoparticles were introduced onto the decellularized aortic valve to prepare a hybrid valve. The encapsulation efficiency of the PCL nanoparticles for VEGF was up to 82%, and the in vitro accumulated release rate was slow without an evident initial burst release. In addition, the hybrid valve had a decreased hemolysis ratio and possessed antiplatelet adhesion capacity, and it was able to promote the adhesion and proliferation of endothelial cells, covering the surface with a dense cell layer to accelerate endothelialization. An experiment involving the subcutaneous implant in SD rats showed that at week 8, lots of blood capillaries were formed in the hybrid valve. Mechanics performance testing indicated that the mechanical property of the hybrid valve was partly improved. Taken together, we applied a nano-drug controlled release system to fabricate TEHV, and provide an approach for the biofunctionalization of the TEHV scaffold for accelerating endothelialization.
Subject(s)
Aortic Valve/chemistry , Drug Carriers/chemistry , Nanoparticles/chemistry , Tissue Engineering , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/chemistry , Animals , Aortic Valve/physiology , Aortic Valve/transplantation , Blood Platelets/cytology , Blood Platelets/physiology , Heart Valve Prosthesis , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells , Humans , Platelet Adhesiveness , Polyesters/chemistry , Rabbits , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Regeneration , Surface Properties , Swine , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolismABSTRACT
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most frequent malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Proteasome 26S subunit ATPase 3 interacting protein (PSMC3IP) is an oncogene in breast cancer, while its role in HCC remains unclear. Here, we found that PSMC3IP was critical for the cell proliferation and tumorigenic capacity of HCC cells. Upregulation of PSMC3IP was observed in HCC specimens, and high PSMC3IP expression predicted poor overall survival of HCC patients. In vitro, knockdown of PSMC3IP blunted the proliferation and colony formation of BEL-7404 and SMMC-7721 cells. Likewise, PSMC3IP silencing suppressed the xenografted tumor development of BEL-7404 cells. Mechanistically, apoptosis was enhanced after PSMC3IP knockdown in both BEL-7404 and SMMC-7721 cells. At the molecular level, TP53 and GNG4 were upregulated and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (EIF4E) and insulin like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) were downregulated in shPSMC3IP compared with shCtrl BEL-7404 cells. Therefore, targeting PSMC3IP maybe a promising strategy for HCC.
