Pulse pressure variation guided goal-direct fluid therapy decreases postoperative complications in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: The use of goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) has been shown to reduce complications and improve prognosis in high-risk abdominal surgery patients. However, the utilization of pulse pressure variation (PPV) guided GDFT in laparoscopic surgery remains a subject of debate. We hypothesized that utilizing PPV guidance for GDFT would optimize short-term prognosis in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer compared to conventional fluid therapy. METHODS: Elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer were randomized to receive either PPV guided GDFT or conventional fluid therapy and explore whether PPV guided GDFT can optimize the short-term prognosis of elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer compared with conventional fluid therapy. RESULTS: The incidence of complications was significantly lower in the PPV group compared to the control group (32.8% vs. 57.1%, P = .009). Additionally, the PPV group had a lower occurrence of gastrointestinal dysfunction (19.0% vs. 39.3%, P = .017) and postoperative pneumonia (8.6% vs. 23.2%, P = .033) than the control group. CONCLUSION: Utilizing PPV as a monitoring index for GDFT can improve short-term prognosis in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer. REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR2300067361; date of registration: January 5, 2023.

Production and in vitro antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharide by a mutant, Cordyceps militaris SU5-08.

Cordyceps militaris SU5-08 was derived from an initial strain (C. militaris SU5) by ultraviolet mutagenesis of protoplasts, and the extraction parameters for C. militaris SU5-08 exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced during submerged culture were optimized. The extraction rate of EPS was 1919.16±165.27 mg/l, which was 120.38±11.36% higher than that of C. militaris SU5. The in vitro scavenging effects of EPS of C. militaris SU5-08 on hydroxyl, superoxide anion and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals at a dosage of 5 g/l were 63.64±3.52%, 75.27±5.16%, and 6.46±5.03%, respectively. The reducing power of EPS of C. militaris SU5-08 was 0.21±0.01. The results suggest that the EPS of C. militaris SU5-08 can be used as a potential antioxidant which enhances adaptive immune responses.

Extraction and in vitro antioxidant activity of intracellular polysaccharide by Pholiota adiposa SX-02.

Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the extraction parameters for Pholiota adiposa SX-02 intracellular polysaccharide (IPS) produced during submerged culture. The optimum conditions of IPS extraction were predicted to be, ultrasonic power at 564.93 W, precipitation time 30.34 h and pH 8.28, and IPS yield was estimated at 19.75%. The actual value of IPS under these conditions was 20.51%. The in vitro antioxidant results showed that the inhibition effects of IPS at a dosage of 250 mg/l on superoxide anion, hydroxyl and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical were 74.66 ± 5.31%, 69.20 ± 5.13%, and 75.20 ± 6.73%, respectively, which were 27.51 ± 2.23%, 16.58 ± 1.33%, and 9.46 ± 0.72% higher than that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), respectively. The reducing power of IPS was 0.32 ± 0.02 (absorbance at 700 nm), 39.13 ± 3.47% higher than that of BHT. The results provide a reference for large-scale extraction of IPS by P. adiposa SX-02 in industrial fermentation and the IPS can be used as a potential antioxidant which enhances adaptive immune responses.

Extraction and antioxidant activities of intracellular polysaccharide from Pleurotus sp. mycelium.

The extraction conditions of intracellular polysaccharide (IPS) from Pleurotus sp. mycelium in submerged culture were investigated. Four parameters affecting the IPS extraction, ultrasonic treatment time, extraction temperature, extraction time and ethanol concentration, were determined by single factor tests and then optimized by orthogonal experiments. Under the optimized conditions, the extraction rates of IPS of Pleurotus nebrodensis SJ-02, Pleurotus eryngii SI-01 and Pleurotus corncopiae SS-01 were 7.1+/-0.4%, 7.5+/-0.3%, and 8.2+/-0.5%, respectively. The in vitro hydroxyl radical inhibition percentages of IPS of three mushrooms were 32.2+/-2.8%, 16.1+/-1.5%, and 38.7+/-3.1%, respectively. The scavenging effects of IPS on superoxide anion radical and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical were 19.1+/-1.5%, 16.3+/-1.3%, 20.3+/-1.8%, 17.9+/-1.6%, 16.8+/-1.4%, and 20.5+/-1.7%, respectively. The results provide a reference for large-scale production of IPS by Pleurotus sp. in industrial fermentation.

Extraction optimization and in vivo antioxidant activities of exopolysaccharide by Morchella esculenta SO-01.

Response surface methodology was used to optimize extraction parameters for Morchella esculenta SO-01 exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced during submerged culture. The optimum conditions for EPS extraction were predicted to be, concentration at 84.07 degrees C, precipitation for 22.19 h and pH 8.44, and EPS production was estimated at 5.45 g/L. The actual yield of EPS under these conditions was 5.32 g/L. The antioxidant capacity of the EPS was measured in vivo after filling the stomach with different doses of EPS and results showed that the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) of blood, spleen, liver, heart, and kidney were increased by 125%, 46.11%, 23.33%, 12.19%, 41.29%, and 63.24%, 63.12%, 166.54%, 98.01%, 57.68%, respectively, and that malonaldehyde (MDA) of blood, spleen, liver, heart, and kidney were decreased by 21.80%, 67.84%, 28.48%, 56.15%, 41.62%. The results provide a reference for large-scale extraction of EPS by M. esculenta SO-01 in industrial fermentation.

Characteristics of Se-enriched mycelia by Stropharia rugoso-annulata and its antioxidant activities in vivo.

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for humans and animals. Stropharia rugoso-annulata is a nutritional and functional mushroom containing many kinds of bioactive ingredients. The aims of this study were to investigate the Se-enrichment characteristics of S. rugoso-annulata in submerged culture and evaluate the antioxidant activities of Se-enriched mycelia in vivo in terms of the values of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The optimum parameters of Se-enrichment under the optimal Se concentration (150 microg/mL) in media were as follows: biomass 8.11 +/- 0.25 g/L, Se content in mycelia 4,727.68 +/- 13 microg/g, Se-accumulated rate 24.68 +/- 1.67%, and percentage of organic Se 96.27 +/- 3.26%. The mainly subsistent forms of selenium in Se-enriched mycelia were selenoprotein and selenium-polysaccharide. The contents of total amino acids (TAA) and essential amino acids (EAA) in Se-enriched mycelia were increased by 13.5 +/- 1.09% and 12.8 +/- 0.89%, respectively. It was efficient for Se-enriched mycelia to elevate GSH-Px and SOD activities and decrease MDA content. These results indicated that Se-enriched mycelia of S. rugoso-annulata represent a novel dietary source of bioavailable supplemental selenium.