The ethyl acetate extraction of Pileostegia tomentella (ZLTE) exerts anti-cancer effects on H1299 cells via ROS-induced canonical apoptosis.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death and the most common malignant tumor, the long-term survival of which has stagnated in the past several decades. Pileostegia tomentella Hand. Mazz is a traditional Chinese medicine called "Zhongliuteng" (ZLT) in the pharmacopeia, which has been proved to possess a potent anti-tumor effect on various cancers. In this study, the effects of ZLT N-butanol extraction (ZLTN) and ZLT ethyl acetate extraction (ZLTE) on the viability of non-small cell lung cancer cell (NSCLC) lines H1299 and A549 were evaluated. Here, we firstly reported that ZLTE significantly inhibited H1299 cells growth without affecting the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). In addition, ZLTE induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner and increased the expression cleaved-PARP and decreased pro-caspase-3, pro-caspase-7, pro-caspase-8, and pro-caspase-9. Moreover, ZLTE increased the level of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in H1299 cells to lead to apoptosis, which was reversed by N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC). Taken together, our results revealed that ZLTE induced caspase-dependent apoptosis via ROS generation, suggesting that ZLTE is a promising herbal medicine for the treatment of NSCLC.

RGBW Signal Mapping Algorithm Assessment Based on Colorimetry.

With the continuous pursuit of high brightness and low power consumption display technology, RGBW display technology has been attracting increasing attention in the world. Various kinds of displays based on this technology have been produced in the market. The key of this technology is signal mapping algorithm which converts RGB signal into RGBW signal without color distortion and compatible with different sub-pixel layouts. This paper, on the basis of five kinds of signal mapping algorithms, analyzes the mode of action of newly added white sub-pixel affects display color, and the display performance affected by four kinds of sub-pixel layouts; it proposes the corresponding condition of excellent signal mapping algorithm based on colorimetry and deduces the universal equation of excellent signal mapping algorithm and brightness factor which could measure the ability of enhancing brightness. The simulation experiment shows that the signal mapping algorithm which satisfies universal equation could be able to maintain the hue and saturation better. The signal mapping algorithm's ability to enhance brightness is effectively characterized by brightness factor. In conclusion, the proposed universal equation can be used to evaluate existing signal mapping algorithms, and it provides theoretical references for the research of new signal mapping algorithm which could be compatible with different hardware parameters and sub-pixel layouts, promote the popularization of RGBW display technology.