Research on High-Stability Composite Control Methods for Telescope Pointing Systems under Multiple Disturbances.

During the operation of space gravitational wave detectors, the constellation configuration formed by three satellites gradually deviates from the ideal 60° angle due to the periodic variations in orbits. To ensure the stability of inter-satellite laser links, active compensation of the breathing angle variation within the constellation plane is achieved by rotating the optical subassembly through the telescope pointing mechanism. This paper proposes a high-performance robust composite control method designed to enhance the robust stability, disturbance rejection, and tracking performance of the telescope pointing system. Specifically, based on the dynamic model of the telescope pointing mechanism and the disturbance noise model, an H∞ controller has been designed to ensure system stability and disturbance rejection capabilities. Meanwhile, employing the method of an H∞ norm optimized disturbance observer (HODOB) enhances the nonlinear friction rejection ability of the telescope pointing system. The simulation results indicate that, compared to the traditional disturbance observer (DOB) design, utilizing the HODOB method can enhance the tracking accuracy and pointing stability of the telescope pointing system by an order of magnitude. Furthermore, the proposed composite control method improves the overall system performance, ensuring that the stability of the telescope pointing system meets the 10 nrad/Hz1/2 @0.1 mHz~1 Hz requirement specified for the TianQin mission.

Optimized design of a gravitational wave telescope system based on pupil aberration.

The telescope is vital for accurate gravitational wave detection in the TianQin project. It must meet criteria like a geometric tilt-to-length (TTL) coupling noise c o e f f i c i e n t≤0.02√2n m/µr a d and wavefront R M S≤λ/30. Analyzing the pupil aberration's impact on geometric TTL noise, we devised an optimization method using the chief ray spot diagram's standard deviation. Implementing this in Zemax with a ZPL macro, we designed an optical system meeting TianQin's requirements. The system has a maximum geometric TTL noise coefficient of 0.0250 nm/µrad over the science FOV and a wavefront RMS of 0.0111λ, confirming the method's feasibility.

Analysis of alignment requirements for off-axis resonant cavity based on coupling efficiency.

The optical path length stability of the off-axis four-reflection telescope is one of the key technical indicators for the TianQin gravitational wave detection system. In the MHz observation band, the telescope must exhibit an optical path length stability of 0.4p m/H z 1/2. As a feasible solution, the optical path length stability measurement of the off-axis four-reflection telescope based on the Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique imposes stringent requirements on the alignment of the off-axis resonant cavity (ORC). Taking the off-axis two-reflection prototype as the research object, we propose a Monte Carlo analysis-based method for ORC alignment precision analysis. By considering misalignment as an intermediate function, we establish a relationship between the coupling efficiency of the ORC and the wavefront aberration of the telescope. The research results show that by considering the combined effects of multiple misalignment couplings of the primary and secondary mirrors, when the detected telescope wavefront aberration is better than 0.068λ (λ=1064n m) with a probability of 98%, the ORC coupling efficiency can achieve greater than 40% with a probability of 97.13%, which can be used as the main reference indicator for system misalignment analysis. This method simplifies the alignment difficulty of the target under test and can provide alignment reference for subsequent resonant cavities with internal off-axis telescopes.

Neutral pH photoenzymatic activity of Au-doped g-C3N4 nanosheet for colorimetric detection of total antioxidant capacity in food samples.

Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is vital for food quality evaluation. The emergence of various nanozymes with TMB as substrate offered a new avenue for TAC detection due to simple operation and fast response, but a long-standing challenge is its low activity at physiological pH, which may account for the discrepancy between the measured TAC and the actual antioxidant capacity in vivo. Herein, Au doping was explored to break the pH limitation of g-C3N4 nanosheets (CNNS) photozyme. The catalytic activities of Au@CNNS at pH 4.0 and 7.4 were 14.9- and 6.2-fold higher than that of CNNS at pH 4. The neutral pH photozymatic activity (photosensitized oxidation of TMB, oxidase mimic) of Au@CNNS was explored for sensitivity TAC detection (LOD: 1.0 µM TE), which featured more convenient operations and higher sensitivity over the DPPH assay. The proposed Au@CNNS-based photozymatic colorimetric method was explored for accurate detection of TAC in drinks and juices.

Amorphous Titanium Polysulfide Composites with Electronic/Ionic Conduction Networks for All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries.

All-solid-state lithium/sulfide batteries are considered as next-generation high-energy-density batteries with unrivaled safety. However, sulfide cathodes generally suffer from insulating properties and huge volume expansion in all-solid-state lithium batteries. Based on amorphous TiS4 (a-TiS4), a certain proportion of Super P is introduced to suppress the volume expansion and increase the electronic conductivity. Meanwhile, a Li7P3S11 solid electrolyte is in situ coated on the surface of 20% Super P/a-TiS4, and the close interfacial contact between the active material and the solid electrolyte constructs a favorable ionic conduction path. As a result, a Li/75% Li2S-24% P2S5-1% P2O5/Li10GeP2S12/20% Super P/a-TiS4@Li7P3S11 battery shows a high reversible capacity of 507.4 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g-1. Even the current density increases to 1.0 A g-1, and it can also provide a reversible capacity of 349.8 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles. These results demonstrate a promising 20% Super P/a-TiS4@Li7P3S11 cathode material with electronic/ionic conduction networks for all-solid-state lithium batteries.

Aggregation-Induced Emission Effect within Peroxyoxalate-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Efficient Harvest of Chemiluminescence Energy in Aqueous Solutions.

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecules that can avoid the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect and break the concentration limit have been widely used for biosensing. Similar to fluorescence dyes, AIE molecules can be chemiexcited simply by a peroxyoxalate-based chemiluminescence (CL) reaction, but the hydrolysis of peroxyoxalate is often a problem in an aqueous solution. Herein, we report an AIE effect within peroxyoxalate-loaded silica nanoparticles (PMSNs) for an efficient harvest of CL energy as well as alleviation of bis(2,4,5-trichloro-6-carbopentoxyphenyl) oxalate (CPPO) hydrolysis. Peroxyoxalate (i.e., CPPO) and AIE molecules (i.e., 1,2-benzothiazol-2-triphenylamino acrylonitrile, BTPA) were loaded together within the mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) to synthesize the BTPA-PMSN nanocomposite. The BTPA-PMSNs not only allowed CPPO to be dispersed well in an aqueous solution but also avoided the hydrolysis of CPPO. Meanwhile, the proximity between BTPA and CPPO molecules in the mesopores of MSNs facilitated the BTPA aggregate to harvest the energy from CL intermediates. Hence, the CL system of BTPA-PMSNs can work efficiently in aqueous solutions at a physiological pH. The CL quantum yield of the BTPA-PMSN system was measured to be 9.91 × 10-5, about 20 000-fold higher than that obtained in the rhodamine B (RhB, a typical ACQ dye)-PMSN system. Using BTPA-PMSNs for H2O2 sensing, a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 5 nM can be achieved, 1000-fold lower than that achieved in the RhB-PMSNs system. Due to the feasibility of working at a physiological pH, this CL system is also quite suitable for the detection of oxidase substrates such as glucose and cholesterol. This BTPA-PMSN CL system with the merits of high CL quantum yield at a physiological pH is appealing for biosensing.

The Role of miRNAs in Zearalenone-Promotion of TM3 Cell Proliferation.

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a non-steroidal estrogen mycotoxin produced by several Gibberella and Fusarium species. Accumulating evidence has indicated that ZEA strongly stimulates cell proliferation. However the detailed molecular and cellular mechanisms of ZEA-mediated induction of cell proliferation have not yet been completely explained. The aim of this study was to detect the role of miRNAs in ZEA-mediated induction of cell proliferation. The effects of ZEA on cell proliferation were assessed using a cell counting kit assay and xCELLigence system. Micro-RNA sequencing was performed after treatment of TM3 cells with ZEA (0.01 µmol/L) for different time periods (0, 2, 6 and 18 h). Cell function and pathway analysis of the miRNA target genes were performed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). We found that ZEA promotes TM3 cell proliferation at low concentrations. miRNA sequenceing revealed 66 differentially expressed miRNAs in ZEA-treated cells in comparison to the untreated control ( p < 0.05). The miRNA sequencing indicated that compared to control group, there were 66 miRNAs significant change (p < 0.05) in ZEA-treated groups. IPA analysis showed that the predicated miRNAs target gene involved in cell Bio-functions including cell cycle, growth and proliferation, and in signaling pathways including MAPK and RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathways. Results from flow cytometry and Western Blot analysis validated the predictions that ZEA can affect cell cycle, and the MAPK signaling pathway. Taking these together, the cell proliferation induced ZEA is regulated by miRNAs. The results shed light on the molecular and cellular mechanisms for the mediation of ZEA to induce proliferation.

Evaluation of Anti-Obesity Activity, Acute Toxicity, and Subacute Toxicity of Probiotic Dark Tea.

: Probiotic dark tea (PDT) is a novel kind of dark tea produced by fresh albino tea leaves and fermented with specific probiotics. Our study demonstrates that PDT can ameliorate high-fat diet-induced overweight and lipid metabolic disorders and shows no acute or subacute toxicity in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Daily intragastric administration of 5% PDT infusion for 14 days caused no obvious effect on general physiological features and behaviors of rats. Oral administration of 1%, 2%, and 3% of PDT infusion for six weeks had no influence on the biochemistry and histopathology of rats' organs and blood, as well as the body weight and ratios of organ/body weight. To investigate its anti-obesity activity, SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, treated with normal diet + water (Group I), high-fat diet + water (Group II), high-fat diet + 3% traditional dark tea infusion (Group III), high-fat diet + 3% PDT infusion (Group IV). After six weeks, the body weight, serum total triacylglycerol (TG) and serum total cholesterol (TC) levels of rats in Group II were significantly increased and the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) levels were significantly decreased compared with those in the other three groups. Both traditional dark tea and PDT treatment effectively counteracted the adverse effect of a high-fat diet in SD rats. These results suggest that PDT could be applied for the prevention of obesity, which ameliorates overweight and lipid metabolic disorders and which shows no acute or subacute toxicity.