ABSTRACT
Background: Alysiinae Leach is a species-rich subfamily in Braconidae, of which several species play an important role in biological control. The monotypic genus Eurymerostumespiraculum Bhat, 1980 was discovered in Tibet and Yunnan provinces for the first time, representing the first record of the genus Eurymeros Bhat, 1980 (Braconidae, Alysiinae) in China. New information: The rare genus Eurymeros Bhat, 1980 (Braconidae, Alysiinae) and its only known species, E.tumespiraculum Bhat, 1980, are newly recorded from China. The morphological variation of the Chinese specimens is described and illustrated.
ABSTRACT
Wushenia Zettel, 1990 is a rare genus (with the type species Wushenia nana Zettel) first collected in Wushe (Taiwan) in 1983. Here we describe a second species, Wushenia yekunzengi Yao & Luo sp. nov., from Gaoligong Mountain Nature Reserve, Yunnan and Emei Mountain, Sichuan, China. A key to species of the genus Wushenia is presented. In addition, Wushenia australiensis Kittel & Austin, 2013 is excluded from the genus Wushenia Zettel.
Subject(s)
Hymenoptera , Wasps , Animals , ChinaABSTRACT
A new braconid genus belonging to the tribe Alysiini. Phaenospila van Achterberg & Yao, gen. nov. (type species: Phaenospila signator Yao, sp. nov.), is described. The genus is identified with morphological characters and a phylogenetic analysis of COI sequence data; GenBank accession numbers of fifty generated sequences from the three species are included. Three new species are described and illustrated, Phaenospila brevicarinata van Achterberg & Yao sp. nov., Phaenospila areolator Yao & van Achterberg sp. nov., Phaenospila signator Yao sp. nov. A key to the species of the genus Phaenospila is included.
Subject(s)
Hymenoptera , Animals , Hymenoptera/genetics , Phylogeny , ThailandABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This study explores correlations of galectin-3 gene polymorphisms (rs4644, rs4652, and rs11125) with cervical cancer risk and prognosis in Chinese populations. METHODS: A total of 126 patients with cervical cancer were selected to form the case group, and 102 healthy people were selected for the control group following a physical examination. 3 polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS: The distribution frequencies of the CC+CA genotype of rs4652 and the AT+TT genotype of rs11125 in the case group were remarkably higher than those in the control group. rs4644 only had correlations with tumor diameter, while rs4652 and rs11125 had correlations with tumor diameter, FIGO staging, differentiation grades, clinical staging, lymph node metastasis (LNM), and treatment modality. The 5-years survival rate of patients with CC+CA of rs4652 was lower but the recurrence rate was higher compared to AA type patients. In contrast, AA type patients with rs11125 had a higher 5-year survival rate but a lower recurrence rate than those of AT+TT type. CC+CA genotype of rs4652, AT+TT genotype of rs11125, and treatment modality were independent factors related to overall survival and disease-free survival, and LNM was an independent factor related to OS. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide evidence that allele C of rs4652 and allele T of rs11125 in the galectin-3 gene may be risk factors for cervical cancer.
Subject(s)
Galectin 3/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics , Blood Proteins , Case-Control Studies , China , Female , Galectins , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/ethnology , Genotype , Humans , Lymphatic Metastasis/genetics , Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology , Neoplasm Grading , Neoplasm Staging , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Prognosis , Risk Factors , Statistics as Topic , Survival Analysis , Tumor Burden , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/ethnology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/mortality , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
AIM: This study investigated P21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) and cell division control protein 42 homolog (CDC42) expression and their correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis in cervical carcinoma. METHODS: Cervical carcinoma (n = 55), cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN, n = 93), and normal cervix (n = 26) tissues were sampled. PAK1 and CDC42 expressions were determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Correlation analysis of PAK1 and CDC42 expression was performed using a Pearson correlation test. Survival rate was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Independent prognostic factors were analyzed by Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS: PAK1 and CDC42 expression were positively correlated in all tissues. PAK1 and CDC42 expression in cervical carcinoma tissues were higher than those in normal tissues. PAK1 and CDC42 protein expression in normal cervix, CINI, CINII, CINIII and cervical carcinoma tissues showed a gradually increasing trend. PAK1 and CDC42 expression were correlated with lymph node metastasis, the depth of tumor invasion, the degree of tumor differentiation, histological type and lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI; all P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that the degree of tumor differentiation, PAK1 protein expression, histological type and LVSI are independent risk factors for prognosis of cervical carcinoma. CONCLUSION: High PAK1 and CDC42 expressions are closely related to the clinicopathological features and poor prognosis of cervical carcinoma, serving as unfavorable prognostic factors.
