Bilateral bifid mandibular condyles. Report of four cases.

Four cases of bilateral bifid mandibular condyles are reported. A review of the literature showed that only four cases have been reported previously as incidental findings patients, while another four cases have been detected in post mortem material. Due to the minimal symptomatology, the diagnosis of a bifid condyle usually rests on radiological rather than clinical evidence.

Familial bilateral blepharoptosis and subvalvular aortic stenosis.

A boy and his mother with bilateral congenital blepharoptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, microcephaly, short nose with flattened nasal root, microstomia, prominent lateral palatine ridges, bifid (boy) hypoplastic (mother) uvula, generalized dental caries, short neck, peculiar voice and mild conductive deafness are reported. The boy had subvalvular aortic stenosis. The mother had pectus excavatum but not any signs or symptoms of cardiovascular defect.

[Multiple impaction teeth. Clinical and radiological study in patients with three or more impacted teeth]. / Pollaple enkleise dontion. Anaphora sten klinike kai aktinographike ereuna asthenon me treis e perissoterous enkleistous.

The cause, the frequency, the complications and the surgical operation of impacted teeth is always an interesting subject of study and research. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the frequency and the kind of the teeth in the multiple impaction to Greek population. The material of this study was 1740 Greek (870 men and 870 women) over 20 years old. The results were: The percentage of patients with three or more impacted teeth was 11.37%. The 45.96% of these patients had 4 impacted teeth (P less than 0.0001), the 33.84%) had only 4 impacted wisdom teeth and 40 patients (20.20%) three. In the 53.03% of the cases presented only 3 or 4 impacted wisdom teeth and in the 30.81% of the cases 2 impacted wisdom teeth and other impacted teeth. The greatest percentage (82.83%) of the cases of multiple impactions comes from different impacted teeth. The greatest percentage (71.21%) of cases of multiple impactions was found in the posterior region of the jaws.

Jogging in place. Evaluation of a simplified exercise test.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate jogging in place as an electrocardiographic exercise test. Jogging in place continuously recorded via an ordinary single-channel electrocardiograph was compared with the Bruce treadmill protocol with a three-channel monitor and recorder in 141 cases with a wide spectrum of chest complaints. Agreement for the presence or absence of electrocardiographic ischemia (ST-segment displacement greater than or equal to 1 mm at 80 ms from the J point, or U-wave inversion) for the two tests was observed in 91 percent of the cases (95 percent confidence intervals: 86 percent to 95.5 percent). One hundred of the previous cases with paired electrocardiographic exercise tests were compared with the presence of reversible defects on exercise myocardial thallium-201 scintigraphy. The electrocardiographic ischemia had a similar correct classification rate in both methods (83 percent with jogging in place and 85 percent with Bruce treadmill protocol; not significant) against the finding of scintigraphic ischemia. This was also true for 52 cases having selective coronary arteriography. The correct classification rate was 54 percent (28/52) with jogging in place and 48 percent (25/52) with Bruce treadmill protocol (not significant). Given the safety and the easy applicability, even in older persons, this simplified test can be recommended as a valid alternative to the established multistage exercise tests.