ABSTRACT
The effects of probiotics, nonantigenic fractions of normal and malignant cells on tumors, and of similar fractions of normal cells on bacteria and viruses are discussed. The effects are considered in relation to tumor growth and development. In a control group of mice given subcutaneous inoculations only of viable dbrB tumor cells in DBA/1 mice, 100% developed tumors. In a group receiving subcutaneous and intravenous injections of tumor cells and given the tumor fractions, 20% developed lung tumors and 53% developed subcutaneous tumors. In an experiment in which mice received only intravenous injections of viable tumor cells and the tumor fractions, 100% of the controls died with no deaths occurring in the treated group. It is concluded that nonantigenic cellular fractions (probiotics) effective in inducing resistance to some bacterial and viral diseases are effective in inducing resistance to tumors in an inbred strain of mice.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents , Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology , Animals , Cell Division/drug effects , Female , Immunization , Mice , Mice, Inbred DBA , Mice, Inbred Strains , Neoplasm Metastasis/prevention & control , Neoplasm Transplantation , Neoplasms, Experimental/immunologyABSTRACT
A heterofore strain-specific mammary carcinoma of the mouse was found to have acquired altered characteristics. The dbrB transplantable tumor originated in a DBA mouse as a spontaneous carcinoma in 1918. It was not until recently, when this tumor was transferred from mice to storage in the frozen state, that a marked transformation occurred both in vivo and in vitro. Certain morphologic differences were also noted.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma/pathology , Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology , Animals , Ascites/pathology , Cell Line , Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology , Cells, Cultured , Female , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mice, Inbred DBA , TemperatureABSTRACT
The mitotic activity of the transplantable mouse tumors, Sarcoma 37, Krebs-2, and Ehrlich carcinomas, in the ascites form, were inhibited after treatment with a mixture of vitamins C and B12 with no apparent toxic side effects. These vitamins when administered alone, at the same dosage, did not seem to have any apparent effect on mitosis or the morphology of the cells studied. Microscopic examination of the stained ascites fluid taken from the mice treated with the vitamin mixture showed few tumor cells, and these in various stages of disintegration. Also, an increase in lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils were noticed; however, later in the experiment, no tumor cells could be found and monocytes and macrophages were abundant.
Subject(s)
Ascorbic Acid/pharmacology , Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/pathology , Carcinoma, Krebs 2/pathology , Mitosis/drug effects , Sarcoma 37/pathology , Vitamin B 12/pharmacology , Animals , Depression, Chemical , Female , Mice , Time FactorsABSTRACT
D-Isoascorbic acid, an isomer of vitamin C, and betaine hydrate (quaternary amine) were found to inhibit mitoses of sarcoma 37, Ehrlich carcinoma, and L1210 leukemia cells in vitro. However, the combined effect of these compounds produced a greater inhibitory activity than when either was administered individually.
Subject(s)
Ascorbic Acid/pharmacology , Betaine/pharmacology , Mitosis/drug effects , Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology , Animals , Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/pathology , Cell Line , Drug Therapy, Combination , Leukemia L1210/pathology , Mice , Sarcoma 37/pathologyABSTRACT
PCO, an aqueous-alcoholic extract of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was found to inhibit mitoses of 4 different ascites tumors removed from mice. Carried as established in vitro lines 6 tumors and 4 established lines of non-neoplastic cells could not be inhibited by PCO. Primary cultures (diploid) of mouse embryo tissue cells and granulocytic blast cells from adult mice also could not be mitotically inhibited by PCO.
Subject(s)
Cell Division/drug effects , Neoplasms, Experimental , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Cells, Cultured , PloidiesABSTRACT
The selective action of two fractions of PCO (a yeast extract) on normal and malignant cells was demonstrated. In vivo, the mitotic activity of malignant cells was inhibited by the methanol-insoluble fraction of PCO, whereas the methanol-soluble fraction caused no inhibition. The in vitro studies, however, showed inhibition of mitoses with both fractions. The malignant cells employed in vitro and in vivo were the Krebs-2 and Ehrlich carcinomas. The nonneoplastic cells tested in vitro were established cultures of epithelial-like cells from murine bone marrow and thymus, and corneal epithelium and peripheral blood in vivo.
Subject(s)
Mitosis/drug effects , Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy , Yeast, Dried/pharmacology , Animals , Bone Marrow Cells , Cell Line , Chemical Fractionation , Cornea/cytology , Female , Methanol , Mice , Thymus Gland/cytology , Yeast, Dried/therapeutic useABSTRACT
PCO, a yeast extract, offsets at least in part the mitotic inhibitory effect of methotrexate and fluorouracil on bone marrow cells in vitro but increases the antimitotic activity of the drugs on ascites Krebs-2 carcinoma under similar conditions. In vivo, PCO enhances the action of methotrexate against the L-1210 lymphoid leukemia and does not interfere with the effectiveness of fluorouracil against the ascites Krebs-2 tumor.
Subject(s)
Biological Products , Carcinoma, Krebs 2/drug therapy , Fluorouracil/toxicity , Leukemia L1210/drug therapy , Methotrexate/toxicity , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Animals , Bone Marrow/drug effects , Bone Marrow Cells , Cells, Cultured , Fluorouracil/therapeutic use , Methotrexate/therapeutic use , Mice , Mitosis/drug effectsABSTRACT
The selective action of nonantigenic tissue extracts on malignant cells was demonstrated using tissue culture techniques. The mitotic index of three strains of neoplastic cells was significantly reduced by the use of extracts which previously had proven effective in adversely affecting the development of spontaneous neoplasms. Under the same conditions the division rate of normal cells in tissue culture was not affected by the extracts. The malignant cells used were the Krebs 2, Sarcoma 180 and the L1210 leukemia. The normal cells were the L929 fibroblasts and epithelial-like cells from bone marrow and corneal tissue.
