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1.
ACS Chem Biol ; 16(7): 1223-1233, 2021 07 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34219448

ABSTRACT

Controlling the global COVID-19 pandemic depends, among other measures, on developing preventive vaccines at an unprecedented pace. Vaccines approved for use and those in development intend to elicit neutralizing antibodies to block viral sites binding to the host's cellular receptors. Virus infection is mediated by the spike glycoprotein trimer on the virion surface via its receptor binding domain (RBD). Antibody response to this domain is an important outcome of immunization and correlates well with viral neutralization. Here, we show that macromolecular constructs with recombinant RBD conjugated to tetanus toxoid (TT) induce a potent immune response in laboratory animals. Some advantages of immunization with RBD-TT conjugates include a predominant IgG immune response due to affinity maturation and long-term specific B-memory cells. These result demonstrate the potential of the conjugate COVID-19 vaccine candidates and enable their advance to clinical evaluation under the name SOBERANA02, paving the way for other antiviral conjugate vaccines.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology , Antibody Formation/immunology , COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage , COVID-19/prevention & control , SARS-CoV-2/immunology , Tetanus Toxoid/chemistry , Vaccines, Conjugate/administration & dosage , Animals , COVID-19/immunology , COVID-19/virology , COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Vaccination , Vaccines, Conjugate/immunology
2.
Pharmaceutics ; 11(12)2019 Nov 23.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31771151

ABSTRACT

Tobacco smoking is the cause of 20% of Canadian deaths per year. Nicotine vaccines present a promising alternative to traditional smoking cessation products, but to date, no vaccine has been able to move through all phases of clinical trials. We have previously demonstrated that the AFPL1-conjugate nicotine vaccine does not induce systemic or immunotoxicity in a mouse model and that a heterologous vaccination approach is more advantageous than the homologous routes to inducing mucosal and systemic anti-nicotine antibodies. The purpose of this study was to confirm the safety profile of the vaccine in a repeat-dose toxicity study. The heterologous vaccination strategy was again used, and Sprague Dawley rats were administered a dose five times greater than in our previous studies. Physiological conditions, food and water consumption, body temperature, injection site inflammation, relative weights of organs, histopathology, and blood chemistry and hematology were evaluated during the course of the vaccination period to determine the safety of the vaccine. The AFPL1-conjugate nicotine vaccine did not induce clinically relevant changes or induce symptoms that would be associated with toxicity, making it a promising candidate for future investigations.

3.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; 53(1): 43-51, mar. 2019. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001077

ABSTRACT

Las epidemias de cólera afectan a un gran número de países africanos, asiáticos y del Caribe. Los cambios climatológicos y las constantes migraciones hacen que esta enfermedad se extienda, por lo que resulta necesario disponer de vacunas protectoras. En el presente trabajo se caracterizó una nueva vacuna de vesículas de membrana externa (VMEs) obtenidas de Vibrio cholerae O1 biotipo El Tor serotipo Ogawa cepa C7258, en el Instituto Finlay de vacunas (Cuba), a través de métodos proteómicos. Se identificaron 53 proteínas presentes en las VME (4 proteínas por banda electroforética) separadas por electroforesis unidimensional (1D) y digeridas con tripsina. Los fragmentos obtenidos fueron separados por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC) acoplada a espectrometría de masa, secuenciados e identificados mediante bases de datos de proteínas Swiss-Prot y TrEMBL. El patrón proteico obtenido presentó algunas de las proteínas (12 proteínas citoplasmáticas y 5 proteínas de membrana externa) sugeridas dentro del proteoma de buena calidad para candidatos vacunales. Se estudiaron las mejores condiciones para la separación de las proteínas a través de electroforesis bidimensional. Las VME evaluadas cuentan con una composición fundamentada en proteínas necesarias para garantizar una respuesta inmune que proteja contra Vibrio cholerae O1 biotipo El Tor serotipo Ogawa.


Cholera epidemics affect a large number of African, Asian and Caribbean countries. The climate changes and the constant migrations cause this disease to spread, making it is necessary to obtain protective vaccines. In the present work, a new vaccine of outer membrane vesicles (OMV) from V. cholerae O1 El Tor biotype Ogawa serotype strain C7258 at Finlay Institute of vaccines (Cuba) was characterized by proteomic methods. A total of 53 proteins present in the OMV (approximate ratio of 4 proteins by electrophoresis band) were identified, separated by one dimension electrophoresis and digested by tripsin method. The fragments were separated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to mass spectrometry, sequenced and identified, using Swiss-Prot and TrEMBL protein databases. The pattern showed some proteins (12 cytoplasmic proteins and 5 outer membrane proteins) suggested within the highest quality proteome for vaccine candidate. The best conditions for proteins separation by two dimension electrophoresis were studied. The OMV composition was based on proteins described to the immunity response and protection against V. cholerae O1 El Tor biotype Ogawa serotype.


As epidemias de cólera afetam um grande número de países africanos, asiáticos e caribenhos. As mudanças climáticas e as constantes migrações fazem com que esta doença se espalhe, portanto é necessário ter vacinas protectoras. No presente trabalho, uma nova vacina de vesículas de membrana externa (VMEs) obtidas de Vibrio cholerae 01 biotipo El Tor sorotipo Ogawa cepa C7258, no Instituto de Vacinas Finlay (Cuba), através de métodos proteômicos. Foram identificadas 53 proteínas presentes nas VME (4 proteínas por banda eletroforética) separadas por eletroforese unidimensional (1D) e digeridas com tripsina. Os fragmentos obtidos foram separados por cromatografia de alta resolução (HPLC) acoplada a espectrometria de massa, sequenciados e identificados usando bancos de dados de proteínas Swiss-Prot e TrEMBL. O padrão proteico obtido apresentou algumas das proteínas (12 proteínas citoplasmáticas e 5 proteínas de membrana externa) sugeridas dentro do proteoma de boa qualidade para candidatos vacinais. As melhores condições para a separação de proteínas através de eletroforese bidimensional foram estudadas. As VME avaliados possuem uma composição baseada em proteínas necessárias para garantir uma resposta imune que proteja contra Vibrio cholerae O1 biotipo El Tor sorotipo Ogawa.


Subject(s)
Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins , Vaccines , Cholera/drug therapy , Proteomics , Mass Spectrometry , Climate Change , Cholera , Chromatography , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Vibrio cholerae O1 , Electrophoresis , Microbiology
4.
Can J Microbiol ; 61(8): 531-8, 2015 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26140382

ABSTRACT

Vaccination is considered by the World Health Organization as the most cost-effective strategy for controlling infectious diseases. In spite of great successes with vaccines, many infectious diseases are still leading killers, because of the inadequate coverage of many vaccines. Several factors have been responsible: number of doses, high vaccine reactogenicity, vaccine costs, vaccination policy, among others. Contradictorily, few vaccines are of single dose and even less of mucosal administration. However, more common infections occur via mucosa, where secretory immunoglobulin A plays an essential role. As an alternative, we proposed a novel protocol of vaccination called Single Time Vaccination Strategy (SinTimVaS) by immunizing 2 priming doses at the same time: one by mucosal route and the other by parenteral route. Here, the mucosal and systemic responses induced by Finlay adjuvants (AF Proteoliposome 1 and AF Cochleate 1) implementing SinTimVaS in BALB/c mice were evaluated. One intranasal dose of AF Cochleate 1 and an intramuscular dose of AF Proteoliposome 1 adsorbed onto aluminum hydroxide, with bovine serum albumin or tetanus toxoid as model antigens, administrated at the same time, induced potent specific mucosal and systemic immune responses. Also, we demonstrated that SinTimVaS using other mucosal routes like oral and sublingual, in combination with the subcutaneous route elicits immune responses. SinTimVaS, as a new immunization strategy, could increase vaccination coverage and reduce time-cost vaccines campaigns, adding the benefits of immune response in mucosa.


Subject(s)
Immunity, Mucosal , Vaccination/methods , Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage , Administration, Intranasal , Animals , Female , Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/physiology , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Tetanus Toxoid/administration & dosage
5.
Immunol Res ; 58(1): 75-85, 2014 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23660844

ABSTRACT

Outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) have inherent adjuvant properties, and many vaccines use OMV as vaccine components. Utilizing the adjuvant properties of OMV could lead to the formulation of vaccines that are less expensive and potentially more immunogenic than covalently conjugated polysaccharide vaccines. We evaluated the adjuvant effect in Balb/c mice of combinations of OMV from Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A and W135 as compared to that of the non-covalently conjugated capsular polysaccharide A. Both antigens were adsorbed onto aluminum hydroxide. The mice were given a booster dose of plain polysaccharide A to stimulate an immunologic memory response. Subclasses determination and cytokine assays demonstrated the capacity of OMV to induce a IgG2a/IgG2b isotype profile and IFN-γ production, suggesting the induction of a Th1 pattern immune response. Lymphoproliferative responses to OMVs were high, with affinity maturation of antibodies observed. Bactericidal titers after the booster dose were also observed. Memory B cells and long-term memory T cells were also detected. The results of this study indicate that combined meningococcal serogroup A and W135 OMV can activate cell-mediated immunity and induce a long-term memory response.


Subject(s)
Meningitis, Meningococcal/immunology , Meningococcal Vaccines/immunology , Meningococcal Vaccines/pharmacology , Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup A/immunology , Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup W-135/immunology , R-SNARE Proteins/immunology , Animals , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Female , Immunity, Cellular/immunology , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Immunologic Memory/immunology , Interferon-gamma/blood , Interferon-gamma/immunology , Meningitis, Meningococcal/prevention & control , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Polysaccharides, Bacterial/immunology , Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
6.
BMC Immunol ; 14 Suppl 1: S8, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23458724

ABSTRACT

Whooping cough remains a health problem despite high vaccination coverage. It has been recommended that development of new strategies provide long-lasting immunity. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of proteoliposomes (PL) extracted from Bordetella pertussis as a vaccine candidate against whooping cough. The size of the B. pertussis PL was estimated to be 96.7 ± 50.9 nm by Scanning Correlation Spectroscopy and the polydispersity index was 0.268. Western blots using monoclonal antibodies revealed the presence of pertussis toxin, pertactin, and fimbriae 3. The Limulus Amebocyte Lisate (LAL) assay showed endotoxin levels lower than those reported for whole cell pertussis licensed vaccines, while the Pyrogen Test indicated 75 ng/mL/Kg. The PL showed high protection capacity in mouse challenge models. There was 89.7% survival in the intracerebral challenge and total reduction of the number of CFU in the intranasal challenge. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between mice immunized with B. pertussis PL and the Cuban DTwP vaccine, whichever challenge model used. These results encouraged us to continue the development of the B. pertussis PL as a component of a new combined vaccine formulated with tetanus and diphtheria toxoids or as a booster dose for adolescents and adults.


Subject(s)
Bacterial Vaccines/immunology , Bordetella pertussis/immunology , Proteolipids/immunology , Whooping Cough/prevention & control , Animals , Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/immunology , Bacterial Vaccines/administration & dosage , Female , Fimbriae Proteins/immunology , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Pertussis Toxin/immunology , Virulence Factors, Bordetella/immunology , Whooping Cough/immunology
7.
Vaccimonitor ; 21(3)sept.-dic. 2012. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-56356

ABSTRACT

The AFCo1 cochleate is a potential novel adjuvant derived from Neisseria meningitidis B proteoliposome. The aim of this study was to assess the safety of AFCo1 by repeated doses in Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were grouped for treatment with AFCo1, placebo formulation or control. Four similar doses of the test substance were instilled every five days. Intranasal dose of 100 µL was used, and the body weight, water and food intakes were monitored as well as the clinical symptoms. Rats were sacrificed at 3, 14 and 28 days after the last inoculation and anatomopathological studies were conducted. Clinical observations were carried out for the study and a number of rats from each group were sacrificed 3 and 14 days after the last dose in order to conduct hematological, hemochemical and anatomopathological studies. Clinical symptoms, food and water intakes, and body weight did not show differences of toxicological relevance. The histological changes found were mild and similar in the three groups. AFCo1 is potentially safe by nasal route for human use as evidenced by the absence of local and systemic signs of toxicity in Sprague Dawley rats(AU)


El cocleato AFCo1, derivado de un proteoliposoma de Neisseria meningitidis B, es un nuevo y potente adyuvante vacunal. En el presente trabajo se evaluó la seguridad del AFCo1 mediante un estudio de dosis repetida en ratas Sprague Dawley. Los animales se agruparon en: tratados con AFCo1, placebo y control. Se les administraron cuatro dosis de 100 µL durante 5 días por vía intranasal. Se monitoreo el peso corporal, consumo de agua y alimento y los síntomas clínicos; así como estudios hematológicos y bioquímicos. Las ratas se sacrificaron a los 3, 14 y 28 días después de la última inoculación y se les realizó, además, pruebas anatomopatológicas. Los síntomas clínicos, el consumo de agua y alimento y el peso corporal no mostraron diferencias de relevancia toxicológica. Los cambios histológicos encontrados fueron leves y con frecuencias similares en los tres grupos. Por lo que se concluyó que el adyuvante AFCo1 nasal es potencialmente no tóxico para uso en humanos, por la ausencia de signos locales y sistémicos de toxicidad en las ratas Sprague Dawley(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Neisseria meningitidis , Repeated Dose , Toxicity Tests
8.
Vaccimonitor ; 21(1)ene.-abr. 2012.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-56647

ABSTRACT

La IgA secretora humana (IgAsh) es estructural y funcionalmente liberada por el ambiente mucosal, con la capacidad de neutralizar antígenos, participa en la aglutinación y exclusión de estos y previene la adherencia de patógenos a las superficies del epitelio mucosal. En este estudio se evaluó la biodistribución de la IgAsh purificada de calostro, después de su administración por vía intranasal, en el modelo de ratón Balb/c y se determinaron los niveles de esta inmunoglobulina en diferentes fluidos biológicos mediante ELISA. Los resultados mostraron la presencia del anticuerpo en saliva de los animales del grupo que recibió la IgAsh en todos los intervalos de tiempo estudiados. En las muestras de lavado tráqueo-bronquial se obtuvo solo la presencia del anticuerpo a las 2 y 3 h posteriores a la inoculación. A partir de los resultados obtenidos consideramos interesante en el futuro utilizar este modelo experimental para evaluar el papel protector de esta inmunoglobulina como candidato terapéutico frente a la infección por Mycobacterium tuberculosis(AU)


The human secretory IgA (IgAsh) is structural and functionally released by the mucosal environment, with the ability to neutralize antigens and participating in promoting the binding and exclusion of them and preventing the adhesion of pathogens to mucosal epithelial surfaces. In this study, the biodistribution of hsIgA purified from colostrum was evaluated, after being administered intranasally to BALB/c mice model and the levels of this immunoglobulin in several biological fluids were determined by ELISA. Results showed the presence of antibody in saliva samples from animals that received the IgAsh, which was significantly higher than levels found in samples from non-treated animals, at all time intervals. In samples of tracheobronchial lavage, high antibody levels were only obtained two and three hours after the inoculation of the animals of the group that received the IgAsh, compared to the non-treated group. According to the results obtained, we consider interesting to evaluate the protective role of this immunoglobulin as a therapeutic candidate against the infection by M. tuberculosis in a near future(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Immunoglobulin A
9.
Vaccimonitor ; 18(1)ene.-abr. 2009. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-39676

ABSTRACT

Los estudios de tolerancia local para productos vacunales resultan fundamentales como requisitos regulatorios para los estudios preclínicos. En este ensayo se utilizaron 48 ratas Sprague Dawley, de ambos sexos, con un peso corporal de 180-220 g, suministradas por el Centro Nacional para la Producción de Animales de Laboratorio, y una duración de 17 días. Las ratas fueron distribuidas en 5 grupos: 3 con diferentes concentraciones de cocleatos, uno sin inocular y otro que recibió el diluente del producto en prueba. A estas se les realizaron las observaciones clínicas necesarias, tales como: mediciones de incremento de peso, consumo de alimentos y agua, así como la evaluación anatomopatológica en los dos tiempos de sacrificio, uno a los 12 y otro a los 17 días; se enfatizó en el estudio histopatológico de encéfalo y las fosas nasales en tres niveles de su extensión. Se hicieron investigaciones inmunológicas consistentes en la determinación de IgG en suero, saliva y líquido cefalorraquídeo. Los resultados arrojaron un incremento del peso. En el consumo de agua y alimento no se observaron alteraciones clínicas, la anatomopatología evidenció discretos cambios inflamatorios que guardaron una relación directa con el aumento de las concentraciones del producto, los títulos de IgG en la saliva y suero de las ratas inoculadas con los cocleatos difirieron de forma significativa (P < 0,05) respecto a los grupos controles, el líquido cefalorraquídeo resultó negativo a la presencia de anticuerpos específicos IgG. Se concluye que los cocleatos aplicados por esta vía en ratas resultaron inmunogénicos e inocuos para el referido producto(AU)


Local Tolerance studies for vaccine products are a main link in the chain of Regulatory Requirements for toxicological preclinical studies. Mainly considering that the use of mucosal road seems to be a current tendency due to the advantages it offers. Sprague Dawley rats of both sexes weighing 100-120 g (reception weight) provided by CENPALAB with the corresponding certificates of sanitary and genetic quality were used in this test. Local tolerance study lasted 17 days. Rats were distributed in 5 groups (3 groups with different cochleate concentrations, one without inoculation and another one that received the diluents of the product in test. Measurement of weight increase, food and water consumption, as well as the anatomopathologic studies in the two times of sacrifice, at 12 and 17 days were performed. Main histopathological studies were carried out in brain and nasal nostrils in three levels of their extension (anterior, medium and posterior areas). In addition, immunological assays such as the determination of IgG in serum, saliva and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were carried out. Results showed a sustained weight increase. There were no clinical alterations during water and food consumption, while the existence of discreet acute inflammatory changes was found by anatomopathological studies, which were directly related to the increase of the product concentration. The presence of IgG antibodies in saliva and in sera of the rats inoculated with the cochleates showed significant differences (P <0.05) compared to the non inoculated control group and to the animals inoculated with the diluent. CSF studies resulted negative regarding the presence of specific IgG antibodies. The existence of a direct relation among the concentrations of the product in test and the inflammatory processes in the medium and posterior levels of the nasal nostril was proven, therefore it is considered that cochleates applied by this route and in the concentrations ...(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Immunogenetics , Toxicity Measurements , Neisseria meningitidis/genetics , Neisseria meningitidis/immunology , Permissiveness
10.
Vaccine ; 25(28): 5175-88, 2007 Jul 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17544180

ABSTRACT

We have shown previously that expression library immunization is viable alternative approach to induce protective immunity against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B. In this study we report that few rounds of library screening allow identification of protective pools of defined antigens. A previously reported protective meningococcal library (L8, with 600 clones) was screened and two sub-libraries of 95 clones each were selected based on the induction of bactericidal and protective antibodies in BALB/c mice. After sequence analysis of each clone within these sub-libraries, we identified a pool of 20 individual antigens that induced protective immune responses in mice against N. meningitidis infection, and the observed protection was associated with the induction of bactericidal antibodies. Our studies demonstrate for the first time that ELI combined with sequence analysis is a powerful and efficient tool for identification of candidate antigens for use in a meningococcal vaccine.


Subject(s)
Meningococcal Infections/immunology , Meningococcal Vaccines/immunology , Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup B/immunology , Vaccines, DNA/immunology , Animals , Animals, Newborn , Bacteremia/immunology , Bacteremia/prevention & control , Blotting, Western , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , DNA, Bacterial/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Genomic Library , Immune Sera/administration & dosage , Immune Sera/immunology , Male , Meningococcal Infections/prevention & control , Meningococcal Vaccines/administration & dosage , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Microbial Viability/drug effects , Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup B/drug effects , Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup B/genetics , Plasmids/genetics , Rats , Survival Analysis , Vaccination/methods , Vaccines, DNA/administration & dosage
11.
FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol ; 50(3): 430-3, 2007 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17537176

ABSTRACT

We employed a prime-boost regimen in combination with the expression library immunization protocol to improve the protective effectiveness of a genomic library used as immunogen. To demonstrate the feasibility of this novel strategy, we used as a prime a serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis random genomic library constructed in a eukaryotic expression vector. Mice immunized with different fractions of this library and boosted with a single dose of meningococcal outer membrane vesicles elicited higher bactericidal antibody titers compared with mice primed with the empty vector. After the boost, passive administration of sera from mice primed with two of these fractions significantly reduced the number of viable bacteria in the blood of infant rats challenged with live N. meningitidis. The method proposed could be applied to the identification of subimmunogenic antigens during vaccine candidate screening by employing expression library immunization.


Subject(s)
Antigens, Bacterial/isolation & purification , Bacterial Vaccines/isolation & purification , Genomic Library , Animals , Antigens, Bacterial/genetics , Antigens, Bacterial/immunology , Bacterial Vaccines/genetics , Bacterial Vaccines/immunology , Immunization , Meningococcal Infections/blood , Meningococcal Infections/prevention & control , Mice , Neisseria meningitidis/genetics , Neisseria meningitidis/immunology , Rats , Serum/immunology
12.
Vaccimonitor ; 16(1)ene.-abr. 2007. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-32848

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas aeruginosa constituye uno de los agentes patógenos oportunistas de mayor frecuencia de aislamiento en los diversos procesos infecciosos, por lo que es reconocido como un gran problema de salud a nivel mundial. Al no existir un fármaco de alta efectividad ni vacunas disponibles contra esta bacteria, se emplea una terapia con inmunoglobulinas polivalentes comerciales que de forma combinada con los antibióticos contribuyen a eliminar la infección, aunque los preparados disponibles en el mercado no contienen concentraciones suficientemente elevadas de anticuerpos específicos contra este microorganismo. En este trabajo se llevó a cabo la evaluación en un modelo animal de una inmunoglobulina anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa para uso terapéutico mediante un ensayo de reto con una cepa virulenta. Se evaluó dosis y vía de administración de la misma, así como el valor profiláctico o terapéutico de los anticuerpos. Esta gammaglobulina resultó ser protectora en animales mostrando una sobreviviencia cercana a un 75 por ciento en comparación con el grupo control no protegido y además se logra eliminar el estado de portador en los individuos infectados(AU)


Subject(s)
Immunoglobulins/therapeutic use
13.
Vaccimonitor ; 15(2)mayo-ago. 2006. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-31419

ABSTRACT

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi es un microorganismo que provoca más de 16 millones de casos de fiebre tifoidea con aproximadamente 600 000 muertes al año en todo el mundo. Dentro de las vacunas antitifoídicas la de polisacárido capsular Vi ha encontrado, gracias a sus incuestionables ventajas, una gran aceptación entre productores y consumidores. El presente trabajo aborda el estudio de inmunogenicidad de la vacuna antitifoídica cubana de polisacárido Vi vax-TyVi‚ en ratones. El estudio estuvo conformado por un grupo control no inoculado y un segundo grupo que recibió 0,05 mL de la vacuna por vía intramuscular. Se tomaron muestras de sangre a los -3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 56 y 84 días. La actividad de anticuerpos IgG antipolisacárido Vi de los sueros individuales fue determinada por ELISA. Los datos fueron analizados por grupo y por sexo y se calculó el porcentaje de seroconversión, considerándose respondedor aquel animal que al menos aumentara en cuatro veces su título inicial. La respuesta de anticuerpos inducida por la vacuna mostró un aumento notable de los títulos de IgG antipolisacárido Vi en el grupo vacunado (100 por ciento de seroconversión), mientras que el grupo control no incrementó sus niveles mínimos iniciales (0por ciento de respondedores). Aunque más dispersa, la respuesta de anticuerpos antiVi fue significativamente mayor en las hembras que en los machos(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Typhoid Fever/immunology , Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines/immunology
14.
Vaccine ; 24 Suppl 2: S2-63-4, 2006 Apr 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16823931

ABSTRACT

We evaluated the adjuvant properties and toxicity of purified Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B lipopolysaccharide (LPS) conjugated with tetanus toxoid (TT) using a new method of conjugation to obtain amine groups in the polysaccharide structure. The endotoxic activity of treated LPS was reduced 2400 times as determined by Limulus amoebocyte assay and no mortality was observed in Balb/c mice inoculated with detoxified LPS versus 100% mortality in native LPS inoculated mice. The conjugated LPS-TT elicited in mice higher anti-TT IgG2a and IgG1 than unconjugated TT. In addition, high levels of anti-LPS IgG and IgG subclasses were detected in sera. These results evidence the adjuvant activity of detoxified LPS and may suggest that the conjugation to TT changes the LPS immune response from thymus-independent to thymus-dependent.


Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology , Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology , Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup B , Tetanus Toxoid/immunology , Adjuvants, Immunologic/chemistry , Adjuvants, Immunologic/toxicity , Animals , Lipopolysaccharides/chemistry , Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Vaccines, Conjugate/immunology
15.
Tuberculosis (Edinb) ; 86(3-4): 268-72, 2006.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16677862

ABSTRACT

The effect of the administration of a commercial preparation of human gamma globulins has been evaluated in a mouse model of intranasal infection with BCG. First, we demonstrated the passage of specific antibodies to saliva and lung lavage following the intranasal or intraperitoneal administration to mice of human gamma globulins. This treatment of mice inhibited BCG colonization of the lungs (p < 0.01). A similar inhibitory effect was observed after infection of mice with gamma globulin opsonized BCG organisms (p < 0.01). These results are relevant for the development of new strategies for the control and treatment of tuberculosis.


Subject(s)
Mycobacterium bovis , Tuberculosis/prevention & control , gamma-Globulins/therapeutic use , Administration, Intranasal , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Humans , Infusions, Parenteral , Lung/immunology , Lung/microbiology , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mycobacterium bovis/isolation & purification , Phagocytosis , Saliva/immunology , Tuberculosis/immunology , gamma-Globulins/administration & dosage , gamma-Globulins/pharmacokinetics
16.
Vaccimonitor ; 15(1)ene.-abr. 2006. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-29171

ABSTRACT

En la actualidad existen dos variantes principales de vacunas orales contra el cólera: una basada en células inactivadas de diferentes biotipos y serotipos y otra basada en la administración de cepas vivas genéticamente atenuadas. Una vacuna por subunidades pudiera ser una variante muy atractiva. Este trabajo describe la purificación parcial y caracterización preliminar de extractos de proteínas de membrana externa-lipopolisacárido (PME-LPS), obtenidos a partir de Vibrio cholerae O1, con el interés de seleccionar un proteoliposoma que posteriormente será estructurado en forma de cocleatos para su uso por vía oral en humanos. Las preparaciones fueron obtenidas a través del uso de diferentes detergentes. La cantidad de LPS en cada preparación fue estimada mediante la determinación de las unidades endotóxicas en el ensayo del Limulus (LAL). La composición de cada muestra fue evaluada mediante SDS-PAGE y Dot Blot. La inoculación intranasal (IN) en ratones Balb/c se utilizó para la evaluación de la inmunogenicidad de las preparaciones, y la respuesta inmune fue determinada por ELISA y el título de anticuerpos vibriocidas. El tamaño molecular de la preparación con mejores resultados en inmunogenicidad se estimó mediante la cromatografía en Sephacryl S-1000. Se obtuvieron diferentes perfiles electroforéticos de acuerdo con el tipo de detergente utilizado. El LPS fue identificado en todas las preparaciones y aquella obtenida con el SDS al 15(por ciento) mostró la más baja relación proteínas/LPS y los mejores resultados en los ensayos de inmunogenicidad. Adicionalmente se comprobó que su tamaño molecular es similar al observado en el proteoliposoma de VAMENGOC-BC. La preparación obtenida con el SDS al 15(por ciento) constituye un proteoliposoma, con capacidad para estimular altos nivelesde anticuerpos IgG anti-LPS y altos títulos de anticuerpos vibriocidas, luego de su administración por vía intranasal en ratones. Estos resultados constituyen un importante paso en las investigaciones dirigidas a la obtención de una vacuna por subunidades, como alternativa preventiva contra el cólera(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Vibrio cholerae O1/immunology , Cholera Vaccines
17.
Vaccimonitor ; 13(2)abr.-jun.2004. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-23931

ABSTRACT

Las pruebas preclínicas de toxicidad en dosis única y en dosis repetidas brindan una valiosa información sobre la seguridad del producto, al incluir el estudio macroscópico e histopatológico de órganos importantes, así como evaluaciones de las vías de administración y el régimen de dosificación. Cuba desarrolló una vacuna polivalente de células inactivadas químicamente adyuvadas con hidróxido de aluminio, vax-SPIRAL®. Esta vacuna presenta ventajas en relación con otras vacunas como la procedente de la antigua URSS. El esquema de vacunación para humanos consiste en dos dosis de 0,5 mL, separadas por un intervalo óptimo de seis semanas.El objetivo de este estudio de toxicidad en ratas Sprague Dawley fue determinar la toxicidad potencial, letalidad, órganos y sistemas susceptibles y otros eventos adversos, así como la toxicidad en el sitio de inoculación después de la administración de una dosis de la vacuna en estudio. Los resultados indicaron que, bajo las condiciones en estudio y según los criterios establecidos para evaluar los datos obtenidos, la vacuna antileptospirósica trivalente no produce efectos tóxicos en el modelo animal usado. Las únicas alteraciones encontradas fueron formaciones granulomatosas a nivel del sitio de inoculación. Estas formaciones han sido reportadas como pertenecientes al adyuvante de depósito (hidróxido de aluminio), también usado en otras vacunas de aplicación parenteral(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Immunotherapy, Active , Vaccines , Toxicity Tests , Vaccines/adverse effects , Vaccines/toxicity
18.
Vaccimonitor ; 9(3)jul.-sept.2000. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-23880

ABSTRACT

Poco se ha estudiado acerca del papel de los anticuerpos específicos, presentes en las secreciones del aparato respiratorio, en la defensa contra patógenos intracelulares, como es el caso de las micobacterias causantes de la tuberculosis en el hombre: Micobacterium tuberculosis, bovis y africanum. Con el objetivo de desarrollar modelos adecuados para evaluar el posible papel de la inmunidad secretoria en la defensa contra la tuberculosis, se desarrollaron dos modelos animales con la utilización de un anticuerpo monoclonal IgA dirigido contra la proteína de 16 kD de M. tuberculosis y M. bovis. En el primer modelo se inocularon ratones Balb/c, por vía subcutánea al nivel de la nuca, con diferentes cantidades de células del hibridoma TBA61, productor de la IgA específica. En un segundo modelo, se inoculó por vía intraperitoneal líquido ascítico correspondiente a este hibridoma obtenido en ratón. En ambos casos se determinó, a diferentes tiempos, la concentración del monoclonal en saliva y sólo en suero para el segundo. En los dos modelos se demostró el paso del monoclonal a la saliva, donde alcanzó la máxima concentración: a los 21 días en los animales inoculados con el hibridoma, y a las 2 horas en saliva y suero en los animales inoculados con el líquido ascítico. Se sugiere, por su sencillez y mayor inocuidad, el uso del segundo modelo para la realización de estudios de reto por vía mucosal(AU)


Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents , Immunologic Techniques , Antibodies , Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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