ABSTRACT
Objetivo: conhecer a perceção das mães sobre a influência da transição para a parentalidade na relação conjugal. Métodos: estudo qualitativo exploratório-descritivo, amostragem não probabilística, por redes constituída por mães primíparas de bebés até 1 ano de idade. A coleta de dados efetuada através de um questionario colocado no Google Forms, após consentimento informado. Dados tratados através da Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: da análise emergiram quatro categorias que, na perceção das mães influenciam a relação conjugal: Redefinição de papéis; Alteração da conjugalidade; Alteração na vivência da sexualidade; Necessidade de apoiar a dinâmica familiar. Conclusão: foi possível compreender a perceção das mães sobre como a transição para a parentalidade influencia o seu relacionamento com o companheiro. Constatou-se que se encontra relacionado com uma readaptação do papel de esposa e ao papel de mãe. Ao facilitar os processos de transição o enfermeiro influenciará positivamente no bem-estar dos pais e da criança (AU).
Objective: to know the perception of mothers about the influence of the transition to parenthood in the marital relationship. Methods: exploratory-descriptive qualitative study, non-probabilistic sampling, by networks consisting of primiparous mothers of babies up to 1 year of age. The collection of data carried out through a questionnaire placed on Google Forms, after informed consent. Data treated through Content Analysis. Results: from the analysis four categories emerged that, in the mothers' perception, influence the marital relationship: Redefinition of roles; Change of conjugality; Alteration in the experience of sexuality; Need to support family dynamics. Conclusion: it was possible to understand the mothers' perception of how the transition to parenthood influences their relationship with their partner. It was found that it is related to a readaptation of the role of wife and the role of mother. By facilitating the transition processes, the nurse will positively influence the wellbeing of the Parents and the child (AU).
Objetivo: conocer a la percepción de las madres sobre la influencia de la transición a la paternidad en la relación conyugal. Métodos: estudio cualitativo exploratorio-descriptivo, muestreo no probabilístico, por redes formadas por madres primíparas de bebés hasta 1 año de edad. La recogida de datos realizada a través de un cuestionario colocado en Google Forms, con previo consentimiento informado. Datos tratados mediante Análisis de Contenido. Resultados: del análisis surgieron cuatro categorías que, en la percepción de las madres, influyen en la relación conyugal: Redefinición de roles; Cambio de conyugalidad; Alteración en la experiencia de la sexualidad; Necesidad de apoyar la dinámica familiar. Conclusión: fue posible comprender la percepción de las madres sobre cómo la transición a la paternidad influye en la relación con su pareja. Se encontró que se relaciona con una readaptación del rol de esposa y el rol de madre. Al facilitar los procesos de transición, la enfermera influirá positivamente en el bienestar de los Padres y del niño (AU).
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Marriage , Postpartum Period , MothersABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND GOAL: Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound found in Curcuma longa. This bioactive molecule has several reported health-benefit effects, being the anticarcinogenic activity among the most promising ones. However, curcumin extraction from natural sources is hampered by impure products obtained from harsh chemicals and limited by plant seasonality and high prices. Therefore, curcumin heterologous production emerged as an interesting alternative. Escherichia coli has been explored as chassis but the implementation of the pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae can have several advantages, including its generally regarded as safe status. Hence, S. cerevisiae was engineered for the first time to produce curcumin from its precursor ferulic acid. METHODS AND RESULTS: The enzymes 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL1) from Arabidopsis thaliana or feruloyl-CoA synthetase (FerA) from Pseudomonas paucimobilis and type III polyketide synthases (PKSs) from Oryza sativa or C. longa were expressed in BY4741 strain. To avoid ferulic acid deviation, the gene FDC1 coding a ferulic acid decarboxylase was deleted. The maximum curcumin titer was obtained with FerA combined with C. longa PKSs (2.7 mg L-1 ). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Up to our knowledge, this is the first work reporting the expression of a feruloyl-CoA synthase and also curcuminoid biosynthetic enzymes in S. cerevisiae, and consequently, curcumin production.
Subject(s)
Curcumin , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Coumaric Acids/metabolism , Curcumin/metabolism , Ligases/genetics , Ligases/metabolism , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolismABSTRACT
Problemática: O nascimento do primeiro filho provoca transformações notórias em toda a dinâmica familiar, sendo um período desafiador e stressante para os pais, que são expostos a inúmeras mudanças, nomeadamente conjugal, familiar e social (Carvalho, 2020). Objetivos: Conhecer a perceção das mães primíparas sobre o impacto da transição para a parentalidade na relação conjugal. Metodologia: Estudo nível I do tipo exploratório-descritivo, amostra do tipo não probabilística, em bola de neve, constituída por 53 mães que experienciaram pela primeira vez o nascimento do filho. O estudo teve parecer favorável pela Comissão de Ética da Unidade Investigação em Ciências da Saúde: Enfermagem, da Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra. Em todo o estudo foi garantida a confidencialidade das participantes, pelo anonimato da identidade e dos dados obtidos, onde ao submeterem o questionário, através do Google forms, assumiam a participação no estudo de forma esclarecida e consentida. O questionário foi dividido em três grupos de questões, nomeadamente dados sociodemográficos, dados obstétricos e questões de resposta aberta, que foram analisadas de acordo com Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2011). Resultados: Da análise dos resultados emergiram quatro categorias principais: Redefinição de papéis; Alteração da conjugalidade; Alteração na vivência da sexualidade; Necessidade de apoio à dinâmica familiar. Esta transição, como descrito pelas primíparas e apoiado pela evidencia científica leva a uma reorganização de papéis e reestruturação de competências pessoais e sociais. Foi possível compreender os sentimentos e preocupações das primíparas e a forma como esta mudança de papel e de competências influencia na relação com o companheiro. Neste contexto, concluiu-se que o nascimento do primeiro filho, está relacionado com esta nova readaptação papéis de esposa e de esposo ao papel de pai e de mãe. Foi também possível realçar a importância e a necessidade de intervenção do EESMO no período pré e pós-parto.
Subject(s)
Marriage , Parenting , Postpartum Period , Mother-Child RelationsABSTRACT
A high-quality GSM model for Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 model strain (iDS372), comprising 372 genes and 529 reactions, was developed. The construction of this model involved performing a genome-wide reannotation to identify the metabolic capacity of the bacterium. A reaction representing the abstraction of the biomass composition was reconciled from several studies reported in the literature and previous models, and included in the model. The final model comprises two compartments and manifold automatically generated gene rules. The validation was performed with experimental data from recent studies, regarding the usability of carbon sources, the effect of the presence of oxygen, and the requirement of amino acids for growth. This model can be used to better understand the metabolism of this major pathogen, provide clues regarding new drug targets, and eventually design strategies for fighting infections by these bacteria.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Mannosylglycerate (MG) is one of the most widespread compatible solutes among marine microorganisms adapted to hot environments. This ionic solute holds excellent ability to protect proteins against thermal denaturation, hence a large number of biotechnological and clinical applications have been put forward. However, the current prohibitive production costs impose severe constraints towards large-scale applications. All known microbial producers synthesize MG from GDP-mannose and 3-phosphoglycerate via a two-step pathway in which mannosyl-3-phosphoglycerate is the intermediate metabolite. In an early work, this pathway was expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the goal to confirm gene function (Empadinhas et al. in J Bacteriol 186:4075-4084, 2004), but the level of MG accumulation was low. Therefore, in view of the potential biotechnological value of this compound, we decided to invest further effort to convert S. cerevisiae into an efficient cell factory for MG production. RESULTS: To drive MG production, the pathway for the synthesis of GDP-mannose, one of the MG biosynthetic precursors, was overexpressed in S. cerevisiae along with the MG biosynthetic pathway. MG production was evaluated under different cultivation modes, i.e., flask bottle, batch, and continuous mode with different dilution rates. The genes encoding mannose-6-phosphate isomerase (PMI40) and GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase (PSA1) were introduced into strain MG01, hosting a plasmid encoding the MG biosynthetic machinery. The resulting engineered strain (MG02) showed around a twofold increase in the activity of PMI40 and PSA1 in comparison to the wild-type. In batch mode, strain MG02 accumulated 15.86 mgMG g DCW -1 , representing a 2.2-fold increase relative to the reference strain (MG01). In continuous culture, at a dilution rate of 0.15 h-1, there was a 1.5-fold improvement in productivity. CONCLUSION: In the present study, the yield and productivity of MG were increased by overexpression of the GDP-mannose pathway and optimization of the mode of cultivation. A maximum of 15.86 mgMG g DCW -1 was achieved in batch cultivation and maximal productivity of 1.79 mgMG g DCW -1 h-1 in continuous mode. Additionally, a positive correlation between MG productivity and growth rate/dilution rate was established, although this correlation is not observed for MG yield.
Subject(s)
Biotechnology/methods , Mannose/analogs & derivatives , Metabolic Engineering/methods , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism , Batch Cell Culture Techniques , Biomass , Bioreactors/microbiology , Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal , Glyceric Acids/chemistry , Mannose/biosynthesis , Mannose/chemistry , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/enzymology , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/geneticsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Protein aggregation in the brain is a central hallmark in many neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson's disease, α-synuclein (α-Syn) is the major component of the intraneuronal inclusions found in the brains of patients. Current therapeutics is merely symptomatic, and there is a pressing need for developing novel therapies. Previously we showed that mannosylglycerate (MG), a compatible solute typical of marine microorganisms thriving in hot environments, is highly effective in protecting a variety of model proteins against thermal denaturation and aggregation in vitro. METHODS: Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells expressing eGFP-tagged α-Syn, were further engineered to synthesize MG. The number of cells with fluorescent foci was assessed by fluorescence microscopy. Fluorescence spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to monitor fibril formation in vitro. RESULTS: We observed a 3.3-fold reduction in the number of cells with α-Syn foci and mild attenuation of α-Syn-induced toxicity. Accordingly, sucrose gradient analysis confirmed a clear reduction in the size-range of α-Syn species in the cells. MG did not affect the expression levels of α-Syn or its degradation rate. Moreover, MG did not induce molecular chaperones (Hsp104, Hsp70 and Hsp40), suggesting the implication of other mechanisms for α-Syn stabilization. MG also inhibited α-Syn fibrillation in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: MG acts as a chemical chaperone and the stabilization mechanism involves direct solute/protein interactions. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first demonstration of the anti-aggregating ability of MG in the intracellular milieu. The work shows that MG is a good candidate to inspire the development of new drugs for protein-misfolding diseases.
