ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In fertile women, glycodelin and glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) genes expression rises during the luteal phase, with a peak occurring during the implantation window. The expression of these genes decreases in women with myomas. To determine whether myomectomy would reverse glycodelin and GPx3 expression, we evaluated the transcript levels of these genes in the endometrium of patients before and after myomectomy. METHODS: Expression of glycodelin and GPx3 genes were examined prospectively during the midluteal phase in the endometrium obtained from infertile women with myoma (n = 12) before and three months after myomectomy. Endometrial expression of these genes was evaluated using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. RESULTS: Endometrial glycodelin mRNA expression levels (normalized to 18S rRNA expression) were increased significantly in endometrium of patients after myomectomy (P = 0.02). GPx3 mRNA expression was increased insignificantly after myomectomy (P = 0.43). CONCLUSION: The results showed that myomectomy increased endometrial glycodelin (significantly) and GPx3 (not significantly) gene expression after 3 months. Study at different times and detecting expression of these genes can reveal more details.
Subject(s)
Embryo Implantation , Endometrium/metabolism , Glutathione Peroxidase/biosynthesis , Glycoproteins/biosynthesis , Myoma/genetics , Uterine Myomectomy , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Embryo Implantation/genetics , Endometrium/enzymology , Endometrium/surgery , Female , Gene Expression Regulation , Glutathione Peroxidase/genetics , Glycodelin , Glycoproteins/genetics , Humans , Infertility, Female/epidemiology , Infertility, Female/metabolism , Infertility, Female/surgery , Myoma/epidemiology , Myoma/surgery , RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Uterine Myomectomy/methodsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: HOXA11 and HOXA10 are expressed in endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle and show a dramatic increase during the mid-luteal phase at the time of implantation. The expression of these genes is decreased in women with myomas. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether myomectomy would reverse HOXA11 and HOXA10 expression, we evaluated the transcript levels of these genes in the endometria of patients before and after myomectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Expression of HOXA11 and HOXA10 were examined prospectively during the midluteal phase in endometrium obtained from infertile women (n=12) with myoma before and three months after myomectomy. Endometrial HOXA11 and HOXA10 expression were evaluated using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: Endometrial HOXA11 and HOXA10 mRNAs expression levels (normalized to 18SrRNA) were increased insignificantly in endometrium of patients after myomectomy (p=0.7 and p=0.15 respectively). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the alteration in expression pattern of these genes could not account for some aspects of fertility after myomectomy. This article extracted from M.Sc. thesis. (Shamila Faramarzi).
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: It is well known that there is a close relationship between elevated androgen plasma levels and the ultrasound findings of stromal hypertrophy in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The objective of this study was to investigate the effects metformin on the hyperandrogenism and ovarian volume in PCOS. METHODS: The study is an unrandomized clinical trial with before-after design. Twenty eight patients with infertility (male or female factor) meeting the Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM criteria for PCOS were studied during the 2008-2009. The anthropometric characteristics of the patients, mean bilateral ovarian volume, and morphology by trans vaginal sonography as well as the plasma levels of leutinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, estradiol, testosterone, 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone, and dehydroepianderosterone sulfate were obtained before and after treatment with metformin (500 mg three times a day) for three months. Paired t, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, or Partial Correlation test was used to analyze the findings. RESULTS: The patients had a mean age of 25.67 years. A significant reduction in mean ovarian volume (11.70±4.31 ml vs 8.27±3.71 ml P=0.001), body mass index (BMI, 28.11±4.55 kg/m(2) vs 26.84±4.55 kg/m(2) P=0.000) and serum androgen levels was seen after three months of treatment with metformin. There was positive correlations between the ovarian volume and serum testosterone level (r=0.589, P=0.001) or BMI (r=0.663, P=0.000). CONCLUSION: Metformin therapy may lead to a reduction in ovarian volume. It is likely that the reduction of ovarian volume reflect a decrease in the mass of androgen producing tissues. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: IRCT138903244176N1.
