ABSTRACT
The application of industrial technologies is undergoing significant changes. Finding the level at which to use efficient cyberphysical systems is perhaps one of the most important technical preparatory tasks in implementing digital manufacturing. Welding technology systems are investigated, and a framework for capturing the data sets required for data-driven manufacturing is developed. To make full autonomy in a manufacturing environment meaningful, formerly isolated groups of equipment need to be organized into a production information system. In our research, a test system is created that can implement a digital virtual interface and achieve new levels of efficiency with a future digital twin system. In the discourse of the study, the technological parameters of welding test pieces were investigated, namely the available measurement data sets of current, and voltage data. In the summary section, most of the tasks and research directions are presented, which can be envisaged as a continuation of the present study. Our study will be followed by further research, already testing a complete digital twin system, thus reaching another milestone on the way to autonomous manufacturing.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to develop a minimally invasive endoscopic procedure (osteoscopy), which is capable of visualizing blood supply and quantitatively assessing circulation to the femoral head at the time of definitive surgery. METHODS: The new diagnostic technique was developed in animal experiments (four piglets) and was subsequently tested in nine consecutive patients requiring surgery for a femoral neck fracture. The direct visualization of the femoral head circulation was performed in the mortise prepared for the implant. The osteoscope optic fiber was placed at the orifice of the cavity created by the custom-made drill bit. The "mortise-sleeve-optic" system was connected to a manometer and a saline reservoir. The bleeding from the wall of bony cavity was observed, meanwhile the inner pressure of the "mortise-sleeve-optic" system was changed gradually. The pressure measurement at the first appearance of bleeding and the intraosseal pressure was recorded. RESULTS: The animal investigations demonstrated that the osteoscopy readily distinguished among diffuse bleeding, pulsatile bleeding, and the absence of bleeding in the femoral head. The human experiments proved that a different quality of the femoral head circulation can be observed during osteoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary findings indicate that clinical osteoscopy may be a useful tool in the assessment of blood circulation to the femoral head.
