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3.
Farm. hosp ; 24(4): 215-220, jul. 2000. tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-5258

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del presente estudio es validar la metodología de evaluación y documentación de las intervenciones realizadas por el farmacéutico para definir un instrumento estandarizado y homogéneo aplicable en la práctica clínica diaria. Para llevar a cabo esta validación se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 15 intervenciones de las realizadas y codificadas previamente para su posterior recodificación por farmacéuticos adjuntos del propio hospital y de diferentes hospitales externos. La concordancia en la clasificación de las intervenciones se evaluó mediante la prueba kappa o mediante la prueba rho de Spearman. Los valores de kappa para el código de tipo de intervención y de impacto fueron 0,790 y 0,826 entre los farmacéuticos del servicio y 0,699 y 0,691 entre los externos, respectivamente. El valor del coeficiente de Spearman para el código de significación fue 0,480 (p < 0,01) entre los farmacéuticos del servicio y 0,390 (p < 0,01) entre los externos. La metodología validada presentada en este trabajo sirve de base para evaluar el impacto de las intervenciones del farmacéutico de forma continuada (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Clinical Trial , Pharmaceutical Services/standards , Classification/methods , Reproducibility of Results , Statistics, Nonparametric
4.
Farm. hosp ; 24(3): 136-144, mayo 2000. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-5250

ABSTRACT

El principal objetivo de la atención farmacéutica es mejorar la calidad de la atención al paciente, garantizando la terapéutica más idónea. Con el fin de demostrar el impacto en la atención al paciente individualizado es necesario que los farmacéuticos registren las actividades clínicas y evalúen sus resultados. En el presente estudio se describen las intervenciones realizadas por el farmacéutico a través de la monitorización terapéutica ligada al sistema de distribución de medicamentos en dosis unitarias, así como la metodología y resultados de la evaluación del impacto de las intervenciones en la atención al paciente. En un período de cuatro años se registraron 22.786 intervenciones (21 intervenciones/día). En la evaluación de las intervenciones (n = 1.302) se obtuvo que el 88,5 por ciento eran muy significativas o significativas. Los resultados muestran que el farmacéutico tiene un papel importante en la atención al paciente y que el valor añadido que se aporta al proceso de utilización de medicamentos conduce a una mejora de la atención al paciente (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Care/standards , Pharmacy Service, Hospital/methods , Pharmacists , Spain , Drug Monitoring
5.
An Esp Pediatr ; 45(2): 167-71, 1996 Aug.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8967647

ABSTRACT

The objective of the present study was to analyze the pharmacokinetic behavior of vancomycin in neonates of postconceptional age < or = 32 weeks (n = 44). The elimination of the antibiotic was influenced by the concomitant treatment with indomethacin and mechanical ventilation. Close monitoring of renal function of the neonate and vancomycin dosage individualization are mandatory when the above factors are present. Vancomycin dosage guidelines have been determined according to serum creatinine of these premature patients.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacokinetics , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Gestational Age , Vancomycin/pharmacokinetics , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents/metabolism , Creatinine/blood , Humans , Indomethacin/pharmacology , Indomethacin/therapeutic use , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Respiration, Artificial , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy , Vancomycin/metabolism , Vancomycin/therapeutic use
6.
An Esp Pediatr ; 38(6): 488-92, 1993 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8368675

ABSTRACT

This study deals with sepsis caused by coagulase-negative stapylococci in a neonatal intensive care unit over a period of four years and eleven months. The global incidence was 20.7/1000 (50 cases out of a total of 2,416 admissions) and was higher in newborns with lower weight and with a shorter gestational age. The most significant clinical manifestations were fever, paleness, and apnea/bradycardia. In all cases the germ was sensitive to vancomycin. Evolution was favourable in all patients, in spite of the initial gravity of some cases. Sepsis due to coagulase-negative staphylococci is the most frequent cause of nosocomial infection in our environment.


Subject(s)
Sepsis/microbiology , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Coagulase , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Cross Infection/microbiology , Female , Humans , Incidence , Infant, Newborn , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Male , Sepsis/drug therapy , Spain/epidemiology , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy , Staphylococcal Infections/enzymology , Vancomycin/therapeutic use
7.
An Esp Pediatr ; 27(1): 37-40, 1987 Jul.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3662253

ABSTRACT

As a bronchodilator, inhaled salbutamol has been shown to be as pharmacologically effective as epinephrine. However the use of the pressurised aerosol is difficult for pediatric patients (mainly under the age of six). The use of spacers (inhalation chambers) could solve this problem. This study was undertaken to compare the clinical effectiveness and toxicity of these two drugs and to try to establish dosage schedules of inhaled salbutamol with spacer in the treatment of acute asthma. The study population consisted of 100 children who were admitted to the emergency room at our hospital with acute asthma. One group receives 0.01 mg/kg of epinephrine (A) (maximum 0.3 mg), the other two groups received inhaled salbutamol (S-1 = 4 puffs and S-2 = 7 puffs) in a period of 20 minutes. Clinical effectiveness was measured by the score of Wood-Downes at 0, 30 and 60 minutes; and no statistical differences were observed between the three groups. The clinical effectiveness was similar in the three groups and the side effects (especially the increase of heart rate) was higher in epinephrine group. Inhaled salbutamol is as effective as subcutaneous epinephrine in management of children in acute bronchoconstricting episodes with less side effects.


Subject(s)
Albuterol/therapeutic use , Asthma/drug therapy , Epinephrine/therapeutic use , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy , Adolescent , Aerosols , Albuterol/administration & dosage , Child , Child, Preschool , Drug Evaluation , Epinephrine/administration & dosage , Humans , Infant , Injections, Subcutaneous
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