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1.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 31(supl. 2B): 124-124, abr-jun., 2021.
Article in Portuguese | CONASS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1284091

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Com a evolução das técnicas operatórias, melhoria da terapêutica medicamentosa assim como da abordagem percutânea, o perfil de pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica isolada (CRM) tem se modificado ao longo dos anos. A avaliação desta mudança pode resultar em compreensão dos atuais resultados de morbidade e mortalidade hospitalar. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, transversal e retrospectivo. Foram avaliados pacientes (p) submetidos à CRM entre 1999 e 2017 sendo divididos em três grupos temporais, 1999-2005 (3627p), 2006-2011 (3426 p) e 2012-2017 (2773p) a fim de comparar o perfil epidemiológico, evolução clínica e complicações associadas ao procedimento cirúrgico. RESULTADOS: No período analisado, 9826 p foram submetidos CRM; nos três períodos a idade média pouco se modificou, 62,1 vs 62,4 vs 62,8 anos (a), porém observou-se queda significativa no percentual de p jovens, idade < 50 a, 13,8% vs 11% vs 9,5%, e discreta diminuição de p acima de 70 a, 25,1% vs, 24,3% e 24,8% (p< 0,001) e diabetes melito, 36,6% vs 43,8% vs 47,9% (p < 0,001). Elevou-se o percentual de não tabagistas, 45% vs 47,3% vs 48,5% (p=0,004). Entre os vasos acometidos, houve diminuição importante no percentual de uniarteriais, 7,3% vs 5,3% e 3,1% e biarteriais, 22,9% vs 21,8% vs 18,1%, com aumento de triarteriais, 49,4% vs 51,4% vs 55,1%, assim como de lesões de tronco de coronária esquerda, 20,2% vs 21,4% vs 23%(p<0,001). Não houve aumento significativo no percentual de p com disfunção ventricular grave, 10,3% vs 10% vs 9,5%. O uso de enxertos com artéria torácica interna (ATI) esquerda foi crescente,86,8% vs 94,7% vs 96,2%, assim como a utilização de enxertos com ATI direita e esquerda, 4,3% vs 7,9% vs 9%, p<0,001. Entre as complicações pós operatórias observou-se diminuição da necessidade ventilação mecânica prolongada (> 48h), 4,9% vs 5,9% vs 3,8% (p<0,001). A mortalidade hospitalar foi 4,5% vs 5,6% vs 4,8% (p=0,07). CONCLUSÃO: Na presente análise foi possível observar aumento na gravidade do perfil dos pacientes submetidos a CRM, com maior número de pacientes hipertensos, diabéticos, triarteriais e com lesão de tronco de coronária. Enxertos com ATIE e dupla artéria torácica foram progressivamente mais utilizados. A taxa de mortalidade não se modificou significantemente no período analisado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Health Profile , Myocardial Revascularization/statistics & numerical data
3.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 97(3): 249-253, set. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: lil-601803

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: A doença renal crônica (DRC) é um marcador de mortalidade na cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (CRM). OBJETIVO: Avaliar em pacientes com DRC submetidos a CRM as características clínicas e os marcadores de morbimortalidade hospitalar; comparar a evolução intra-hospitalar entre os grupos com e sem DRC, e com e sem desenvolvimento de insuficiência renal aguda (IRA). MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas as CRM isoladas realizadas num hospital público cardiológico de 1999 a 2007. Considerado disfunção renal quando creatinina > 1,5 mg/dl. Avaliaram-se características clínicas, mortalidade e complicações pós-operatórias conforme a função renal. RESULTADOS: De 3.890 pacientes, 362 (9,3 por cento) tinham DRC. Esse grupo apresentava idade mais avançada, maior prevalência de hipertensão, disfunção ventricular esquerda, acidente vascular encefálico (AVE) prévio, doença arterial periférica e triarteriais. No pós-operatório, apresentou maior incidência de AVE (5,5 por cento vs 2,1 por cento), fibrilação atrial (16 vs 8,3 por cento), síndrome de baixo débito cardíaco (14,4 por cento vs 8,5 por cento), maior tempo de internação na unidade de terapia intensiva (4,04 vs 2,83 dias), e maior mortalidade intra-hospitalar (10,5 por cento vs 3,8 por cento). Sexo feminino, tabagismo, diabete e doença vascular periférica e/ou carotídea associaram-se com maior mortalidade no grupo DRC. Pacientes que não desenvolveram IRA pós-operatória apresentaram 3,5 por cento de mortalidade; grupo IRA não dialítica: 35,4 por cento; grupo IRA dialítica: 66,7 por cento. Calculando-se a taxa de filtração glomerular, observou-se aumento da mortalidade conforme o aumento da classe da DRC. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com DRC submetidos a CRM constituem população de elevado risco, apresentando maior morbimortalidade. IRA pós-operatória é importante marcador de mortalidade. A taxa de filtração glomerular foi inversamente relacionada com mortalidade.


BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a predictor of increased mortality in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the characteristics and predictors of increased mortality in the CKD population submitted to CABG. To compare in-hospital outcomes between patients with and without CKD, and with and without development of acute renal failure (ARF). METHODS: Retrospective analysis of a prospective database of all isolated CABG performed in a single public tertiary hospital from 1999 to 2007. CKD was considered when creatinine > 1.5 mg/dl. Clinical characteristics, mortality and post-operative complications were evaluated according to renal function. RESULTS: Of 3,890 patients, 362 (9.3 percent) had CKD. This population was older, presented grater prevalence of hypertension, left ventricular dysfunction, previous stroke, peripheral vascular disease and three-vessel disease. In-hospital outcomes revealed greater incidence of stroke (5.5 percent vs 2.1 percent), atrial fibrillation (16 vs 8.3 percent), low cardiac ouput syndrome (14.4 percent vs 8.5 percent), longer stay in intensive care unit (4.04 vs 2.83 days), and greater mortality (10.5 percent vs 3.8 percent). Logistic regression: female gender, smoking, diabetes and peripheral vascular disease were associated with higher in-hospital mortality within the CKD group. Patients who did not develop post-operative ARF presented 3.5 percent mortality; non-dialytic ARF: 35.4 percent; dialytic ARF: 66.7 percent mortality. Mortality was directly related to the stage of CKD, according to glomerular filtration rate. CONCLUSION: CKD patients submitted to CABG represent a high risk population, with increased incidence of complications and mortality. Post-operative ARF is a strong in-hospital mortality predictor. Glomerular filtration rate was inversely related to mortality.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Coronary Artery Bypass/mortality , Coronary Artery Disease/mortality , Kidney Failure, Chronic/mortality , Postoperative Complications/mortality , Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Brazil/epidemiology , Coronary Artery Disease/surgery , Epidemiologic Methods , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Intensive Care Units , Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data
4.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 97(3): 249-53, 2011 Sep.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21691678

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a predictor of increased mortality in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the characteristics and predictors of increased mortality in the CKD population submitted to CABG. To compare in-hospital outcomes between patients with and without CKD, and with and without development of acute renal failure (ARF). METHODS: Retrospective analysis of a prospective database of all isolated CABG performed in a single public tertiary hospital from 1999 to 2007. CKD was considered when creatinine > 1.5 mg/dl. Clinical characteristics, mortality and post-operative complications were evaluated according to renal function. RESULTS: Of 3,890 patients, 362 (9.3%) had CKD. This population was older, presented grater prevalence of hypertension, left ventricular dysfunction, previous stroke, peripheral vascular disease and three-vessel disease. In-hospital outcomes revealed greater incidence of stroke (5.5% vs 2.1%), atrial fibrillation (16 vs 8.3%), low cardiac ouput syndrome (14.4% vs 8.5%), longer stay in intensive care unit (4.04 vs 2.83 days), and greater mortality (10.5% vs 3.8%). Logistic regression: female gender, smoking, diabetes and peripheral vascular disease were associated with higher in-hospital mortality within the CKD group. Patients who did not develop post-operative ARF presented 3.5% mortality; non-dialytic ARF: 35.4%; dialytic ARF: 66.7% mortality. Mortality was directly related to the stage of CKD, according to glomerular filtration rate. CONCLUSION: CKD patients submitted to CABG represent a high risk population, with increased incidence of complications and mortality. Post-operative ARF is a strong in-hospital mortality predictor. Glomerular filtration rate was inversely related to mortality.


Subject(s)
Coronary Artery Bypass/mortality , Coronary Artery Disease/mortality , Kidney Failure, Chronic/mortality , Postoperative Complications/mortality , Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Aged , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Brazil/epidemiology , Coronary Artery Disease/surgery , Epidemiologic Methods , Female , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Intensive Care Units , Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Male , Middle Aged
6.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 83(n.spe): 14-20, dez. 2004. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: lil-390717

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a morbimortalidade de homens e mulheres submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica isolada e os fatores relacionados às diferenças eventualmente encontradas. MÉTODOS: Análise comparativa de 2032 pacientes, 1402 (69 por cento) homens e 630 (31 por cento) mulheres submetidos consecutivamente à cirurgia, de janeiro 1999 a dezembro 2002. RESULTADOS: As mulheres apresentaram idade média mais elevada, maior número de fatores de risco e taxas de angina instável. Enxertos com artéria torácica interna foram mais freqüentemente usados nos homens, 85,6 por cento vs. 78,3 por cento, p<0,001. Não houve diferenças nas taxas de complicações pós operatórias, exceto as infecções, mais freqüentes nas mulheres. A mortalidade hospitalar foi de 4,1 por cento e 6,3 por cento, para homens e mulheres respectivamente, p=0,026. Na análise multivariada o sexo feminino não foi identificado como fator prognóstico independente para óbito, assim como o uso de enxertos com artéria torácica não foi também isoladamente identificado como fator protetor, porém a interação sexo-artéria torácica interna foi significativa; foram ainda selecionados, idade (OR 1,03; [IC] 95 por cento 1,01 a 1,06; p=0,004), insuficiência renal no pré-operatório (OR 1.82; [IC] 95 por cento 1,07 a 3,11; p=0,028) e cirurgia de urgência/emergência (OR 2,85; [IC] 95 por cento 1,32 a 6,14; p=0,008). CONCLUSÃO: O sexo feminino apresentou maior mortalidade operatória porém não se mostrou fator prognóstico independente para óbito; o uso de enxertos com artéria torácica mostrou-se protetor; pacientes mais idosos, com insuficiência renal e em situação emergencial apresentaram maiores índices de óbito hospitalar.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Angina Pectoris/surgery , Heart Failure/surgery , Myocardial Revascularization/mortality , Epidemiologic Methods , Prognosis , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Treatment Outcome
7.
Am Heart J ; 146(2): 331-8, 2003 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12891204

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Approximately three-quarters of cardiovascular disease deaths in the world come from developing countries, and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is an important cause of death. Brazil is one of the largest countries in Latin America and the contemporary evaluation of risk factors for AMI is crucial for a more efficacious disease management. METHODS: The Acute Myocardial Infarction Risk Factor Assessment in Brazil (AFIRMAR) study is a case-control, hospital-based study involving 104 hospitals in 51 cities in Brazil, designed to evaluate risk factors for a first ST-segment elevation AMI. RESULTS: A total of 1279 pairs, matched by age (+/- 5 years) and sex, were enrolled. The conditional multivariable analysis of 33 variables showed the following independent risk factors for AMI: > or =5 cigarettes per day (odds ratio [OR] 4.90, P <.00001); glucose > or =126 mg/dL (OR 2.82, P <.00001); waist/hip ratio > or =0.94 (OR 2.45, P <.00001); family history of CAD (OR 2.29, P <.00001), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol 100 to 120 mg/dL (OR 2.10, P <.00001); reported hypertension (OR 2.09, P <.00001); <5 cigarettes per day (OR 2.07, P =.0171); low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol >120 mg/dL (OR 1.75, P <.00001); reported diabetes mellitus (OR 1.70, P =.0069); waist/hip ratio 0.90 to 0.93 (OR 1.52, P =.0212); alcohol intake (up to 2 days/week) (OR 0.75, P <.0309); alcohol intake (3-7 days/week) (OR 0.60, P =.0085); family income R$600 to R$1200 and college education (OR 2.92, P =.0499); family income >R$1200 and college education (OR 0.68, P = 0.0239) CONCLUSIONS: The independent risk factors for AMI in Brazil showed a conventional distribution pattern (smoking, diabetes mellitus and central obesity among others) with different strengths of association; most of them being preventable by implementation of adequate policies.


Subject(s)
Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology , Alcohol Drinking , Brazil/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Hyperlipidemias/epidemiology , Hypertension/epidemiology , Male , Multivariate Analysis , Obesity/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Smoking/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors
8.
Am. heart j ; 146(2): 331-338, 2003. tab
Article in English | Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1059455

ABSTRACT

Background Approximately three-quarters of cardiovascular disease deaths in the world come from developing countries, and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is an important cause of death. Brazil is one of the largest countries in Latin America and the contemporary evaluation of risk factors for AMI is crucial for a more efficacious disease management. Methods The Acute Myocardial Infarction Risk Factor Assessment in Brazil (AFIRMAR) study is a case-control, hospital- based study involving 104 hospitals in 51 cities in Brazil, designed to evaluate risk factors for a first ST-segment elevation AMI. Results A total of 1279 pairs, matched by age ( 5 years) and sex, were enrolled. The conditional multivariable analysis of 33 variables showed the following independent risk factors for AMI: 5 cigarettes per day (odds ratio [OR] 4.90, P .00001); glucose 126 mg/dL (OR 2.82, P .00001); waist/hip ratio 0.94 (OR 2.45, P .00001); family history of CAD (OR 2.29, P .00001), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol 100 to 120 mg/dL (OR 2.10, P .00001); reported hypertension (OR 2.09, P .00001); 5 cigarettes per day (OR 2.07, P .0171); low-density lipoprotein- cholesterol 120 mg/dL (OR 1.75, P .00001); reported diabetes mellitus (OR 1.70, P .0069); waist/hip ratio 0.90 to 0.93 (OR 1.52, P .0212); alcohol intake (up to 2 days/week) (OR 0.75, P .0309); alcohol intake (3–7 days/week) (OR 0.60, P .0085); family income R$600 to R$1200 and college education (OR 2.92, P .0499); family income R$1200 and college education (OR 0.68, P 0.0239) Conclusions The independent risk factors for AMI in Brazil showed a conventional distribution pattern (smoking, diabetes mellitus and central obesity among others) with different strengths of association; most of them being preventable by implementation of adequate policies.


Subject(s)
Latin America , Brazil , Cholesterol, Dietary , Alcohol Drinking , Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality , Patient Education as Topic , Risk Factors , Glucose , Hypertension , Myocardial Infarction/mortality , Obesity , Health Policy , Income , Tobacco Use Disorder
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