[Detection of reladorm and donormil in forensic-medical examination of cadavers].

A method was suggested for identifying reladorm and donormil in pharmaceutical drugs and biological objects. The above substances are isolated by 96% ethanol or by mixture of chloroform and isopropanol. 7 color reactions, 3 microcrystalloscopic reactions and chromatography in thin sorbent layer are suggested for identification.

[Forensic medical diagnostics of nitrate and nitrite intoxication].

Nitrates and nitrites, accumulating in toxic concentrations in soil, plants, water and foodstuffs, can cause lethal intoxication. The method of isolation, identification and quantitation has been elaborated for their diagnosis. It is based on the isolation of water and subsequent chromogenic test plus photoelectrocolorimetry.

[Forensic evaluation of the results of chemical and toxicological analysis of blood alcohol level]. / K sudebno-meditsinskoi otsenke rezul'tatov khimiko-toksikologicheskogo issledovaniia krovi na alkogol'.

According to printed research results, the endogenic level of ethanol in blood amounts to 0.001-0.3%, the physiological level amounts to 0.01-0.4% and the lethal level amounts to 3-17.6%. It was established experimentally that the absolute lethal level of ethanol in blood does not exceed 15%. Criteria of incidental contamination of analyzed blood sample with ethanol are described.

[Chemical and toxicological studies in mushroom poisoning]. / Khimiko-toksikologicheskie issledovaniia pri otravleniiakh gribami.

Two accessory diagnostic tables reflecting the relationship between toxic effect of mushrooms and the nature and chemical structure of toxin have been developed for improving the diagnosis of mushroom poisoning. New color tests have been developed and conditions for isolation and chromatography in a thin adsorbent layer determined. The Schiff's test is specific for Amanita phalloides. This mushroom's toxins can be detected in the viscera after the maximal survival of 50 h, other mushrooms' toxins after 26-30 h.

[Fatal doses and concentrations of drugs in biological objects]. / Smertel'nye dozy i kontsentratsii nekotorykh lekarstvennykh veshchestv v biologicheskikh ob''ektakh.

Information on the lethal doses and concentrations of drugs in biological objects is essential for the diagnosis of drug poisoning. Methods for measuring the concentrations of some drugs in the blood and urine have been developed and tables of lethal doses, concentrations, and metabolism coefficients for drugs most often occurring in forensic medical practice are offered. A method for estimating the drug dose which led to a lethal outcome is suggested.

[The identification of new pesticide preparations in biological material]. / Identifikatsiia nekotorykh novykh pestitsidnykh preparatov v biologicheskom materiale.

Twelve color reactions and chromatography in a thin layer of adsorbent are proposed for identification of foreign pesticides. Solubility of the agents is studied, optimal common extractant selected, and universal method for isolation and identification of 19 new pesticides tried on the liver. The sensitivity and specificity of the method is assessed: it is as high as 0.5 to 1.5 mg%.

[The differential diagnosis of fatal outcomes in patient treatment with lidocaine]. / Differentsial'naia diagnostika letal'nykh iskhodov pri lechenii bol'nykh lidokainom.

A method for isolation, identification, and measurement of lidocaine is proposed for investigations of biological specimens. The presence of lidocaine is confirmed by common alkaloid reactions, chromatography in a thin layer of adsorbent, and color test. Lidocaine concentration is measured by extraction photoelectrocolorimetry. A formula is proposed, permitting a tentative assessment of the injected lidocaine dose. The threshold identification value is 0.2 mg%, threshold detection value 0.5 mg%.

[The forensic chemical diagnosis of mushroom poisonings]. / Sudebno-khimicheskaia diagnostika otravlenii gribami.

Forensic chemical diagnosis of mushroom poisonings is a problem still to be solved. We propose qualitative tests (color and microcrystal) and thin-layer chromatography for identification of mushroom toxins belonging to alkaloids, aromatic amines, hydrazines, and phenols in fresh mushroom tissue and in biological material. Comparative analysis of the composition of edible and toxic mushrooms revealed the presence of toxins in both groups. Methods for identification of the toxic components and measurements of their concentrations expressed as relevant indexes (micrograms of a toxic component per gram of fresh mushroom tissue) are proposed. A method of forensic chemical differential diagnosis of poisoning with the most prevalent toxic mushrooms is offered.

[The identification of glues in cadaveric material]. / Identifikatsiia kleev v trupnom materiale.

A method for isolation and identification of 21 glues from cadavers has been developed. Chromogenic reactions are proposed to be used for identification and conditions of chromatography in a thin layer of sorbent developed.

[The determination in cadaveric material of drugs used for the interruption of pregnancy]. / Opredelenie v trupnom materiale lekarstvennykh sredstv, primeniaemykh dlia preryvaniia beremennosti.

A method for detection and measurements in cadaveric material of some drugs used to induce abortions has been developed. The drugs were measured by spectrophotometry, photo-electro-colorimetry, and argentometry. Detection threshold by the said methods was 0.5 to 3 mg%.

[The forensic chemical study of synthetic detergents]. / Sudebno-khimicheskoe issledovanie nekotorykh sinteticheskikh moiushchikh sredstv.

Six color reactions were developed and thin-layer chromatography conditions defined for identification of components of some synthetic detergents in preparations and cadaveric material. Sensitivity of toxic components identification in biologic objects is 0.1 mg for alkylbenzolsulfonate and 0.25 mg of sodium silicate per 100 g of the object.

[The detection of abortion agents in biological material]. / Obnaruzhenie nekotorykh abortivnykh sredstv v biologicheskom materiale.

Methods of extraction and detection of ascorbic acid, ergot alkaloids, cotarnine, microfollin, tinctures of marigold, peony, sage-brush, iodine, benzestrol, pachycarpine, hexestrol, folliculin, quinine, ethoxydiaminoacridine lactate were developed. Detection limits are 0.1-1 mg/100 g of object. Methods of manganese, iodine and soap detection are developed. Detection limits are 0.05-2 mg/100 g of object.

[The detection of aromatic substances in biological material]. / Obnaruzhenie nekotorykh dushistykh veshchestv v biologicheskom materiale.

The author presents experimental data and suggests a method for extraction of aromatic substances from the blood, urine, lavage water, stomach and its contents, liver and kidneys. The extract is dissolved in 96% ethanol and the aromatic substances are detected in reactions with hydrochloric acid, Marki's reagent, 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, diazotized o-dianisidine, phthivazide, chromotropic acid by UV spectrophotometry, thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography. The sensitivity of the method is 0.1-0.5 mg %.

[The detection of tubazid and saliuzid metabolites in internal organs and biological fluids]. / Obnaruzhenie metabolitov tubazida i saliuzida vo vnutrennikh organakh i biologicheskikh zhidkostiakh.

Detection of tubaside and saluside metabolites by methanol extraction from homogenized object with subsequent investigation by UV spectrophotometry, microcrystalloscopy, thin-layer chromatography and coloured reaction methods is suggested. Sensitivity for hydrazine, acetylisoniazid was 0.1 mg%, for opianic and isonicotinic acids--0.05 mg%.

[The forensic chemical determination of antidiabetic agents]. / Sudebno-khimicheskoe opredelenie nekotorykh protivodiabeticheskikh sredstv.

Method of detection, purification and determination of some antidiabetic agents (ADA)--bucarban, butamid, glybenclamid, glybutide, methformine, prediane, chlorpropamide, chlocyclamide, cyclamide in biological material was developed. Microcrystalline reaction with 10% alcoholic potassium iodide, colour reactions and investigation by TLC method both native substances and nitration products were developed to identify ADA. The assay is performed by spectrophotometry. Detection limit is 2-5 mg of each substance in 50 g of the material.