Alexithymia, dissociation, and trauma in patients with chronic skin conditions.

BACKGROUND: There is considerable literature concerning psychological distress and dermatological diseases. Recent studies highlight the role of emotion dysregulation in several skin diseases. Our study sought to explore emotion regulation in patients with chronic skin conditions and the frequency of traumatic experiences they had encountered. METHODS: Forty-nine sequential dermatological patients were compared with 49 healthy adults. Both groups were studied by means of validated scales for alexithymia (Toronto Alexithymia Scale [TAS-20]) and dissociation (Dissociation Experiences Scale [DES-II] and they completed a checklist for traumatic events (Traumatic Experiences Checklist [TEC]). RESULTS: Our results indicated that subjects suffering from chronic dermatological diseases presented more severe alexithymic and dissociative traits. Furthermore, they had suffered a greater number of stressful experiences than had individuals in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings appear to be consistent with literature linking skin diseases and emotion regulation, highlighting a psychosomatic specificity in these conditions.

How do disease perception, treatment features, and dermatologist-patient relationship impact on patients assuming topical treatment? An Italian survey.

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis largely affects daily activities and social interactions and has a strong impact on patients' quality of life. Psoriatic patients have different attitudes toward their condition. Topical medications are essential for the treatment of psoriasis, but the majority of patients do not adhere to these therapies. OBJECTIVE: The history of treatment success or failure seems to influence patient attitude toward topical therapy. Therefore, it is important to understand the psychological, experiential, and motivational aspects that could be critical for treatment adherence, and to describe the different attitudes toward topical treatment. Furthermore, the physician-patient relationship and the willingness to trust the dermatologist may have a substantial role in encouraging or discouraging patients' attitudes toward topical therapy. METHODS: A survey was designed to collect aspects that could be relevant to understanding different patient attitudes toward psoriasis and its treatments. A total of 495 self-administered questionnaires compiled by psoriatic patients were analyzed from 20 Italian specialized hospital centers in order to provide a nationwide picture. RESULTS: Psoriatic patients have different perceptions and experiences in relation to their condition: half of them consider psoriasis as a disease, while the other half consider psoriasis as a disorder or a nuisance. Topical therapy is the most widely used treatment, even though it is not considered the most effective one and often perceived to be cosmetic. The main findings are: 1) inadequate patient education about this disease, 2) lack of information about topical treatment, and 3) lack of results within the expected time frame. Furthermore, physicians need to build a good relationship with psoriatic patients in order to motivate them, to trust in their care, and to adhere to treatment. CONCLUSION: This survey adds new and important details about daily life and well-being and the needs of psoriatic patients, providing suggestions for dermatologists to improve patients management.