ABSTRACT
El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar las variables de estado nutricional y condición física de estudiantes de dos niveles de enseñanza media (primero y cuarto) durante los años 2016, 2017 y 2018, para saber cómo ingresan y cómo egresan del establecimiento. Se evaluaron parámetros de peso, talla y perímetro de cintura para el estado nutricional, mientras que para la condición física se contemplaron pruebas físicas de salto horizontal y flexo-extensión de codos. Las variables peso y salto horizontal sufrieron cambios. La primera tuvo un aumento constante durante los años de estudio en Primer Año Medio (p<0,068), lo cual conllevó a un aumento del IMC (p<0,054) mientras el salto horizontal tuvo una disminución significativa en Cuarto Año Medio (p<0,004). Con esto se determina que los parámetros de estado nutricional y condición física de los estudiantes evaluados sufren efectos negativos durante los años de investigación.
The objective of this research is to analyze the variables or nutritional status and physical condition of students from two high school grades (first and fourth year) during the years 2016, 2017 and 2018, to know their measurements upon entering and when leaving the establishment. For this, parameters of weight, height and waist circumference were evaluated in terms of nutritional status, while for physical condition; physical tests such as horizontal jump and elbow flexionextension were contemplated. The variables of weight and horizontal jumps underwent changes. The first had a constant increase during the years of study in first year (p<0,068), which led to an increase in BMI (p<0,054) while the horizontal jump had a significant decrease in fourth year (p<0,004). This determines that the parameters of nutritional status and physical condition of the students evaluated suffered negative effects during this research.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Students , Physical Fitness , Nutritional Status , Body Mass Index , Chile , Anthropometry , Cross-Sectional Studies , Longitudinal StudiesSubject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases/etiology , Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Meningitis, Meningococcal/complications , Meningitis, Meningococcal/epidemiology , Chile/epidemiology , Follow-Up Studies , Meningitis, Meningococcal/mortality , Prospective Studies , Sex Distribution , Neuropsychological TestsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Little information is available in Chile about hepatitis C virus (HCV) in hematological and oncohematological patients. AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus markers in a group of hematological and oncohematological pediatric patients seen at Valdivia Regional Hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Antibodies against virus C, determined by ELISA and viral RNA, determined using RT-polymerase chain reaction, were measured in 54 blood samples from children with hematological diseases (34 with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia, 4 with Hodgkin Diseases, 4 with Haemolytic Anemia, 5 with Sarcomas, 2 with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, 2 with Thrombocytopenic Purpura, 1 with an Ependimoma, one with a Wilms Tumor and 1 with a Von Willebrand Disease). RESULTS: All samples were negative for antibodies against hepatitis C virus. Viral RNA was found in four children, all with a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and who received chemotherapy and multiple transfusions. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of Viral RNA for hepatitis C virus in oncohematological patients in our study is high and associated with the use of chemotherapy and multiple transfusions.
Subject(s)
Hematologic Diseases/virology , Hepacivirus/immunology , Hepatitis C Antibodies/blood , Neoplasms/virology , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , Hematologic Neoplasms/virology , Humans , Infant , Male , RNA Viruses/immunology , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionSubject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Kidney Neoplasms/therapy , Nephrectomy , Wilms Tumor/therapy , Child, Preschool , Combined Modality Therapy , Dactinomycin/administration & dosage , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Humans , Infant , Kidney Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Male , Vincristine/administration & dosage , Wilms Tumor/radiotherapySubject(s)
Leukemia, Lymphoid/pathology , Meningeal Neoplasms/pathology , Adolescent , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Combined Modality Therapy , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Cytarabine/administration & dosage , Drug Combinations/administration & dosage , Humans , Infant , Leukemia, Lymphoid/therapy , Meningeal Neoplasms/therapy , Methotrexate/administration & dosage , Prednisone/administration & dosage , Prognosis , Vincristine/administration & dosageABSTRACT
En un grupo de 56 ninos con leucemia aguda (39 LAL y 17 LAM), 13 (23%: 8 LAL y 5 LAM) presentaron compromiso meningeo. Ocho pacientes tenian dos o mas factores predictivos de desarrollar una LMe, destacando las blastemias elevadas y la trombocitopenia asociada. El grupo con LMe tuvo una elevada mortalidad (88,8% en LAL y 75% en LAM), atribuida al tipo citologico (solo un paciente preteneciente al tipo LAL1), a la mayor frecuencia de compromiso meningeo en el momento del diagnostico inicial de leucemia y a las edades bajo dos y sobre diez anos. Los dos pacientes vivos estan en RC con una sobrevida de 75 y 96 meses. El tratamiento de la leucemia meningea es muy controvertido. El Grupo Oncologico Pediatrico Chileno (GOPECH) ha recomendado un esquema terapeutico que reune criterios diferentes
