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1.
J Med Internet Res ; 24(1): e32362, 2022 01 14.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35029537

ABSTRACT

Methods to measure physical activity and sedentary behaviors typically quantify the amount of time devoted to these activities. Among patients with chronic diseases, these methods can provide interesting behavioral information, but generally do not capture detailed body motion and fine movement behaviors. Fine detection of motion may provide additional information about functional decline that is of clinical interest in chronic diseases. This perspective paper highlights the need for more developed and sophisticated tools to better identify and track the decomposition, structuration, and sequencing of the daily movements of humans. The primary goal is to provide a reliable and useful clinical diagnostic and predictive indicator of the stage and evolution of chronic diseases, in order to prevent related comorbidities and complications among patients.


Subject(s)
Activities of Daily Living , Movement , Chronic Disease , Humans
2.
J Neurosci Methods ; 205(1): 96-109, 2012 Mar 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22226742

ABSTRACT

Magnetic resonance (MR) provides a non-invasive way to investigate changes in the brain resulting from aging or neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Performing accurate analysis for population studies is challenging because of the interindividual anatomical variability. A large set of tools is found to perform studies of brain anatomy and population analysis (FreeSurfer, SPM, FSL). In this paper we present a newly developed surface-based processing pipeline (MILXCTE) that allows accurate vertex-wise statistical comparisons of brain modifications, such as cortical thickness (CTE). The brain is first segmented into the three main tissues: white matter, gray matter and cerebrospinal fluid, after CTE is computed, a topology corrected mesh is generated. Partial inflation and non-rigid registration of cortical surfaces to a common space using shape context are then performed. Each of the steps was firstly validated using MR images from the OASIS database. We then applied the pipeline to a sample of individuals randomly selected from the AIBL study on AD and compared with FreeSurfer. For a population of 50 individuals we found correlation of cortical thickness in all the regions of the brain (average r=0.62 left and r=0.64 right hemispheres). We finally computed changes in atrophy in 32 AD patients and 81 healthy elderly individuals. Significant differences were found in regions known to be affected in AD. We demonstrated the validity of the method for use in clinical studies which provides an alternative to well established techniques to compare different imaging biomarkers for the study of neurodegenerative diseases.


Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease/pathology , Brain Mapping/methods , Cerebral Cortex/pathology , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Adult , Aged , Algorithms , Anatomy, Cross-Sectional , Atrophy , Biomarkers , Cognitive Dysfunction/pathology , Female , Functional Laterality/physiology , Humans , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Middle Aged , Neurodegenerative Diseases/pathology , Reproducibility of Results , Software
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