Frequency of blood donation and malaria occurrence among blood donors in a tertiary hospital, Nigeria

Context: Malaria is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Transfusion transmitted malaria contributes significantly to the burden of malaria in SSA. The safety of blood transfusion as it relates to frequency of blood donation and malaria occurrence on the part of donors is an aspect that has not been properly investigated hence this study. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the frequency of blood donation and occurrence of malaria among blood donors at OAUTHC, Ile-Ife. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Ethical approval was obtained. One hundred and thirty-three consenting blood donors aged between 18-50 years were recruited for the study. Two milliliter's of blood were collected from each study participant and immediately transported to the laboratory for processing. Giemsa-stained films of the samples were viewed under the oil immersion objective of the microscope. Questionnaires were administered to the study participants to obtain relevant information. Data generated were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS software version 20. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of malaria among the blood donors was 21.1% with the highest rate among commercial donors (33.3%) followed by family donors (12.9%) then voluntary donors (11.9%). Evaluation of the frequency of donation showed that malaria occurred more in recurring donors (77.78%) than first time donors (22.22%).

Dataset on thermodynamics performance analysis and optimization of a reheat - regenerative steam turbine power plant with feed water heaters.

Steam power plants have a considerable potential to meet the growing energy demand, but its dependence on conventional fossil fuels has hampered its viability. One of the ways to minimize fuel consumption and upgrade the performance of a Rankine cycle is by incorporating closed feedwater heaters(FWHs). The datasets contained in this paper are thermodynamic performance analysis carried out on reheat - regenerative steam power plant with FWHs using CyclePad V2.0 software. The thermodynamic performance indices assessed are thermal efficiency, network output, heat rate, fuel consumption, boiler efficiency and specific steam consumption. Result obtained show that an increase in the number of FWHs decreases the fuel consumption, heat rate, heat rejected in condenser and heat input to the cycle. This effect invariably can lead to a reduction in operating cost and environmental impacts.

Assessing the policy issues relating to the use of bamboo in the construction industry in Nigeria.

The Nigerian government has promoted industrial development based on the area of policy implementation. The development of policy and the use of bamboo in the construction company is very significant because of the role of bamboo cultivation in reducing environmental pollution. Bamboo, in its existence, applies to the environment in absorbing carbon dioxide of about 35% and releases to the environment a high amount of oxygen. This carbon dioxide absorbs by bamboo reduces the ozone layer depletion in the aspect of climate change. Another significance of bamboo is that it creates an environment that reduces the light intensity to protect against ultraviolet emissions. The use of Bamboo is considerable in the construction industry and also as useful reinforcement material. This research discusses the effects of policy issues relating to the use of bamboo in the construction industry in Nigeria. And also, study the significance of bamboo implementation in terms of bamboo used for biomass as a source for bio-energy, furniture, and building development. Also, how bamboo cultivation will affect economic growth in Nigeria. This study also discusses the three policy dimensions as it pertains to implementing bamboo policy in Nigeria and suggested ways of developing bamboo policy for proper regulations.

Dataset on noise level measurement in Ota metropolis, Nigeria.

Datasets contained in this article are noise level measurement carried out at 41 different locations in Ota metropolis, Nigeria. The noise readings were measured at a time interval of 30 min for each site considered using a precision grade sound level meter. The analysis was based on the noise descriptors LAeq, L10, L90, LD, TNI and NEI. Results from the study reflects that the highest and lowest equivalent noise levels (LAeq) were recorded at commercial areas (96 dB (A)) and residential areas (52 dB (A)), respectively, the background noise level (L90) has the highest and lowest values at commercial areas (77 dB (A)) and residential areas (44 dB (A)), respectively and the peak value (L10) has the highest value and lowest value at the commercial areas (96 dB (A)) and residential areas (56 dB (A)). Based on the WHO recommendations and standards, only 2 out of the 41 locations considered are under normally acceptable situation while the noise levels of other areas are not acceptable. Noise map developed in this study provides enough information for technical controls and interim legislation against environmental noise pollution in the metropolis. Moreover, considering the noise emission standards, planning and promoting the citizens awareness about the high noise risk could help to mitigate the effect of noise in Ota, Metropolis. The noise data in this study are useful as reference and guideline for future regulations on noise limit to be implemented for urban areas in Nigeria and developing countries at large.

Data on the influence of ECA implant on microhardness and wear characteristics of composite coating on mild steel.

In this study, the effect of the incorporation of composite and eco-friendly particles to develop new engineering materials on the developed zinc electrolyte containing TiO2/TiB and Solanum tuberosum is presented. The electro-depositions were completed at 20 min at a stirring rate of 150 rpm at temperature of 50 °C and pH of 4.The effect of S. tuberosum (ST) as bath additive at varied interval of 5-25 ml to the coating properties was noted. Electrodeposition parameters were constant at a voltage of 3.5 V for Zn-based coatings. The outline of bath condition as it influences the microhardness and wear rate were set into consideration. Hence, the coating microhardness and wear rate at constant electrodeposition parameters and varied ST were acquired. Hence, liquid fluid additives can be used for performance of fabricated coatings in advanced surface engineering application.

Data on the effect of temperature variation tendency on the inhibitive absorption of Lasienthera africanum in 0.5M HCl: A necessity.

The assessment of Lasienthera africanum as corrosion inhibitor for aluminium alloy in 0.5M HCl acid solution using weight loss method was investigated at 303 and 313 K to check its behaviour at high temperature application. Inhibitor efficiency (IE) as high as 93.8, 87.3% both at 303 and 313 K, respectively, was obtained. It can be seen that the inhibition efficiency values increase with increase in extract concentration which suggests that the inhibition is due to the adsorption of the inhibitor on the metal surface. A straight line is obtained when C/θ is plotted against C with linear correlation coefficient of the fitted data close to 1. The adsorption of the inhibitor molecules obey Lanqmuir׳s adsorption isotherm.

Data on the influence of TiN on wear and corrosion behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy fabricated through spark plasma sintering.

Data about bulk properties of Ti-6Al-4V based composites specimen achieved by powder metallurgy route using spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique is presented, with focus on the effect of TiN particles on wear and corrosion behavior of the resultant composites. Two microsized kind of powders are combined; Ti-6Al-4V and TiN. The powder mixing and SPS processing has been enhanced and consolidated.

Data on anti-corrosion characteristics of eco-friendly inhibitive extract on the hot corrosion degradation trend of A6063 aluminum alloy in 1.0 M HCl solution.

The study of Lasienthera africanum as corrosion inhibitor for A6063 grade aluminum alloy in 1.0 M HCl acid solution using weight loss method of corrosion study was investigated at 30 °C and 40 °C to check its degradation trend at high varying temperature application. The results revealed that L. africanum in 1.0 M acidic environment decreased the corrosion rate at various concentrations considered. Inhibitor efficiency (IE) as high as 98.7 and 94.9% both at 30 °C and 40 °C respectively, was observed.

Data analysis and study of the influence of deposition power on the microstructural evolution and functionality of metallic phase composite coating.

In anticipation for resolution of deterioration catastrophe on metallic materials, researches in the field of corrosion remains. Zn-Ni-NbO2 deposits were obtained on mild steel substrate using D.C. power source. The thermal stability properties of the coatings were determined by micro-hardness evaluations before and after heat treatment at 250 and 350 °C. The surface structure analysis was done by Scanning Electron Microscope and X-ray diffraction while the wear evaluations were obtained and compared. The weight gain and coating thickness were obtained and found to be in correlation with the wear results. The coating developed in this study is recommended for metallic surface improvement engineering applications.

Data on calcium oxide and cow bone catalysts used for soybean biodiesel production.

Biodiesel was produced from soybean oil using calcium oxide and cow bone as heterogeneous catalysts, through transesterification process. The soybean oil used was characterized using gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GCMS) and the cow bone catalyst produced was characterized X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer. The effects of the variation of methanol/oil mole ratio, catalyst concentration and reaction temperature on biodiesel yield during the transesterification of soybean oil were investigated. Reaction time of 3 h and stirring rate of 500 rpm were kept constant. Using Response Optimizer (Minitab 17), the optimum conditions for biodiesel production were established. It was observed that the calcination of cow bone catalyst enhanced its conversion to apatite-CaOH. Also, the results obtained showed that the performance trends of calcined cow bone catalyst and the conventional CaO catalyst were similar.

Data on the effect of current density relationship on the super-alloy composite coating by electrolytic route.

In this work, a detail effect of nanoparticle loading and improved process parameter on the synthesis of modified Zn-TiO2 electrocodeposited nanocomposite coating was presented. The coatings were performed at constant time of 20 minute at a stirring rate of 400 rpm at temperature of 70 °C. The effect of particle loading and input current on the properties of the electrocodeposited Nanocomposite was studied. The co-deposition was carried out at a current interval between 1.0 and 1.5 A for the coating period. The basis of bath formulation as it quantitatively and qualitatively affects the coating system was put into consideration. Hence, the electrocodeposition data for the coating properties and coating per unit area were attained. Also,the effect of annealing heat treatment on the hardness properties of the nanocomposite coatings was carried out.The annealing temperature used was 250 °C so as to ascertain the thermal stability of the coatings and to achieve homogenisation of the coating system. The weight gained under difference coating condition were attained and could be applied using modified Zn-TiO2 electrocodeposited nanocomposite coatings as an effective and safe alternative coating to chromium and other harmful coatings.

Data on PKO biodiesel production using CaO catalyst from Turkey bones.

In this research paper the production of biodiesel from palm kernel oil (PKO) using CaO obtained from waste turkey bones (WTB) and analytical grade calcium oxide was investigated. Treated WTB was reduced to fine particulate size of <150 µm and then calcinated at 800 °C for 3 h to increase its catalytic activity by its conversion from Calcium phosphate hydroxide (Ca10P6O26H2) to CaO. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescent (XRF) analysis of the analytical grade CaO, uncalcined and calcined WTB were carried out to establish their elemental chemical composition. The transesterification reaction between the triglyceride of palm kernel oil (PKO) and methanol was carried out at a constant agitation speed of 600 rpm and temperature of 65 °C, with varied methanol to oil molar ratio (8-14), catalyst concentration (1-7 wt/wt%) and the reaction time (1-3 h). Minitab 17 software (using response surface method) was employed for the design of experiment and statistical analysis required in the transesterification process of biodiesel production. The qualities of the biodiesel produced were assessed and the results obtained showed conformity of the biodiesel produced to the ASTM standard for biodiesel.

Data on inhibitive performance of chloraphenicol drug on A315 mild steel in acidic medium.

The inhibitive characteristics of A315 mild steel in 0.1 M solution of Hydrochloric Acid with varied concentrations of the inhibitor (chloramphenicol drug) was studied using weight loss (gravimetry) technique, open circuit potential (OCP) and linear polarization method. The experimental data obtained from the methods used shows that an increase in inhibition efficiency of the inhibitor is characterized by a decrease in corrosion rate. Hence, chloramphenicol drug is an efficient corrosion inhibitor for Mild Steel in Hydrochloric acid medium.

Data analysis on the level of exposure to pollutions in industrial zone: A case study of Ewekoro and Ota Township.

This study focused on a comparative analysis of exposure to pollution in Ota and Ewekoro Township where we have concentration of industries that emits pollutant to the air. This was with a view to proffer solution to the negative effects of industrial activities on residents within industrial location. The study involved empirical observation and interview of residents. About 652 questionnaires were administered randomly on the residents. Analysis involved descriptive statistical tools including chi-square techniques. The results suggest that air pollution was most frequently reported in Ewekoro and Ota and this can help in the prediction of stringent factor in which industrial activities could pose to society.

Acute myocardial infarction in pregnancy: a case report and subject review.

Myocardial infarction in pregnancy is uncommon. Use of thrombolytic treatment is relatively contraindicated. Early recognition as well as a multidisciplinary approach to the management of these cases is important, as untreated there is a high maternal and fetal mortality. The case presented here highlights the importance of early transfer to a specialist centre for percutaneous coronary intervention.

The use of a template to improve the management of distal radial fractures.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to reduce the number of inappropriately managed distal radial fractures with the use of a template. METHODS: A template has been developed to aid junior doctors and emergency nurse practitioners (ENPs) to decide which distal radial fractures require manipulation. Emergency Department (ED) junior doctors and ENPs were asked to review the radiographs of 12 distal radial fractures with and without the template and comment on whether the fracture required manipulation. RESULTS: There was an improvement in appropriate management with the template of 16.6% for the junior doctors and 22.3% for the ENPs. This was statistically significant for both groups when the results were analysed with a paired t test (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the availability of this template in the ED may be helpful to junior doctors and ENPs, and represents a low cost and efficient way of reducing the number of patients who attend a fracture clinic with a distal radial fracture in an unsatisfactory position. This may also reduce the numbers requiring admission and a manipulation under anaesthetic, which spares the patients the risks of general anaesthesia and may possibly be cost saving.

Soft tissue cover for the exposed knee prosthesis.

This study assess the use of muscle flaps to cover exposed knee prostheses and emphasises the need for early plastic surgery consultation. In five of the six patients studied the wound was successfully covered and the knee prosthesis salvaged with a reasonable functional outcome.