ABSTRACT
Recently, we reported on a series of arylpiperazines 4 which exhibit high affinity for the serotonin 5-HT-1A and 5-HT-1B binding sites. Although these compounds interact weakly with dopamine D-1 and D-2 receptors, they are reasonably potent in inhibiting conditioned avoidance responding (CAR) in the rat, an indication of potential antipsychotic activity. Conversion of these arylpiperazines to pyrrole Mannich bases has provided a series of compounds (10-44) which exhibit potent inhibition of CAR when given po and have strong affinity for both the D-2 and 5-HT-1A binding sites. Some of these agents also fail to produce catalepsy. The D-2 binding data and the block of CAR suggest that they are potential antipsychotic agents and the lack of cataleptogenic potential suggests some might possess less liability for producing extrapyramidal side effects and tardive dyskinesias in man.
Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology , Mannich Bases/pharmacology , Animals , Antipsychotic Agents/chemical synthesis , Avoidance Learning/drug effects , Male , Mannich Bases/chemical synthesis , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects , Receptors, Dopamine/metabolism , Receptors, Dopamine D2 , Receptors, Serotonin/drug effects , Receptors, Serotonin/metabolism , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
A series of 6-substituted 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-5-methylimidazo[4,5,1-jk][1,4]benzodiazepin- 2(1H)-ones (9) have been synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit the replication of the HIV-1 virus in MT-4 cells. Two synthetic methods are described, one of which allows the synthesis of single enantiomers of the final products. A structure-activity study was done within the series of compounds to determine the optimum group for the 6-position substitution and to determine whether the activity was enantiospecific at the 5-position, which was substituted with a methyl group. The best analogue, 9jj, inhibited HIV-1 with an IC50 of 4 microM, which is comparable to the activity level of DDI, a 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside-type structure undergoing clinical trials as an anti-AIDS therapy.
Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/chemical synthesis , Benzodiazepinones/chemical synthesis , HIV/drug effects , Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Benzodiazepinones/pharmacology , Chemical Phenomena , Chemistry , Structure-Activity Relationship , Virus Replication/drug effectsABSTRACT
Generally, antipsychotic agents are dopamine receptor blocking agents that also block conditioned avoidance responding (CAR) in the rat. Recently, however, both (Q-methoxyphenyl)piperazine (OMPP, 1h) and (m-chlorophenyl)piperazine (MCPP, 1o) have been reported to block conditioned avoidance responding in the rat although neither has dopamine receptor blocking properties. The present paper examines the behavioral and biochemical profile of a number of additional substituted phenylpiperazines. None of the phenylpiperazines tested demonstrated high affinity for either dopamine D-1 or D-2 receptor sites, yet many were effective in blocking CAR. The results suggest that the phenylpiperazines may be effective antipsychotic agents without blocking dopamine receptors. Moreover, the active compounds did demonstrate activity in displacing ligand binding to serotonin receptors. Receptor binding profiles were determined for 5-HT-1A and 5-HT-1B binding sites as well as for 5-HT-2 sites. The data from this preclinical test suggest these phenylpiperazines might be effective antipsychotic agents acting via a nondopaminergic mechanism of action.
