ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant changes in managing of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rituximab-treated patients were more susceptible to severe infection. This required a "switch" to another genetically engineered drug in the patients with high risk of adverse COVID-19. In this study, we assessed the severity of immune response to SARS-CoV-2 antigens in rituximab-treated patients with rheumatoid arthritis vaccinated with the combined vector vaccine Gam-COVID-Vac. Insufficient formation of the humoral response and a high level of T-cell response to SARS-CoV-2 antigens in this group of patients were revealed. An imbalance of cellular and humoral response may play a role in more severe COVID-19 in rituximab-treated patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Rheumatoid , COVID-19 Vaccines , COVID-19 , Immunity, Humoral , Rituximab , SARS-CoV-2 , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy , Humans , Rituximab/therapeutic use , Immunity, Humoral/drug effects , SARS-CoV-2/immunology , COVID-19/immunology , COVID-19/prevention & control , Middle Aged , Male , Female , COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/drug effects , Aged , Antibodies, Viral/immunology , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Adult , Antirheumatic Agents/therapeutic use , VaccinationABSTRACT
The therapeutic efficacy of a Russian radiopharmaceutical 177Lu-DOTA-PSMA was studied in vivo using male BALB/c nu/nu (nude) mice with prostate carcinoma 22Rv1 xenografts by tumor growth inhibition criterion. The mean tumor volumes in mice treated with 177Lu-DOTA-PSMA were significantly lower than in animals of the control group. There were no significant differences in the values of tumor growth inhibition between the groups of animals receiving 3.7 or 7.4 MBq of 177Lu-DOTA-PSMA.
Subject(s)
Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring , Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant , Prostatic Neoplasms , Humans , Male , Animals , Mice , Radiopharmaceuticals/therapeutic use , Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II , Antigens, Surface , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Prostatic Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Russia , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Dipeptides/therapeutic use , Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/drug therapyABSTRACT
Evidence obtained by immunohistochemical double labeling and confocal laser scanning microscopy suggests that capsaicin, a ligand of the TRPV1 nociceptive vanilloid receptor, increases the number of TLR4-positive neurons in the rat colon myenteric plexus. In colitis caused by trinitrobenzene sulfonate, an increase in TRPV1 expression was more significant in both plexuses. Specific inhibitor of the TLR4 (C34) pattern-recognition receptor reduces TRPV1 expression in enteric neurons of both intact rats and rats with induced acute colitis. Thus, stimulation of nociceptive neurons by means of direct activation of their receptors of innate immunity (TLR4) is one of the possible mechanisms underlying the visceral pain in bacterial invasion and inflammatory bowel diseases.
Subject(s)
Colitis, Ulcerative/metabolism , Myenteric Plexus/metabolism , Nociception , Sensory Receptor Cells/metabolism , TRPV Cation Channels/metabolism , Toll-Like Receptor 4/metabolism , Animals , Male , Myenteric Plexus/cytology , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Sensory Receptor Cells/physiology , Toll-Like Receptor 4/antagonists & inhibitorsABSTRACT
The mitochondrial genome of the pleurocarpous moss Brachythecium rivulare has been sequenced and annotated. The genome consists of 104,460 base pairs and has approximately the same gene set and organization as other bryophyte mitogenomes. Whole mitochondrial genome comparison between B. rivulare and Physcomitrella patens, Tetraphis pellucida, Anomodon rugelii, and Anomodon attenuatus was performed. The primary cause of bryophyte mitochondrial gene length variation was found to be numerous indels in the introns. Bryophyte mitochondrial gene conservation level was estimated, and it was in a good congruence with the overall phylogeny of bryophytes with the percentage of mitogenome similarity being proportional to the age estimated by phylochronologic analysis. Annotation discrepancies in the analyzed mitogenome sequences were identified. The simple sequence repeat (SSR) content was evaluated, and candidate sites of RNA editing were predicted in the B. rivulare mitochondrial genome.
Subject(s)
Bryophyta/genetics , Genome, Mitochondrial/genetics , Introns/genetics , Microsatellite Repeats , Molecular Sequence Annotation , RNA Editing , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
Molecular phylogenetic analysis of 66 representatives of haplolepidous mosses showed polyphylia of Ditrichaceae. According to the data obtained, the structure of the peristome, as well as features of the gametophyte on which a family traditionally allocated, arose independently in different groups of haplolepideous mosses. At least six genera (Distichium, Saelania, Eccremidium, Garckea, Rhamphidium, and Wilsoniella) should be excluded from the Ditrichaceae family, while Saelania and Distichium should be assigned even to another order. The loss of the peristome and forming of cleistocarpous capsules also occurs independently in at least two lineages of Ditrichaceae s. str., and in representatives of several lineages of Pottiaceae, a family derived from this group. Ditrichum, the type genus of Ditrichaceae, is also polyphyletic, species of this genus belong to two clades. It was concluded that parallel lines of the morphological variability in this group of mosses occur and its phylogeny need to be resolved based on molecular data.
Subject(s)
Bryophyta/classification , Evolution, Molecular , Phylogeny , Bryophyta/geneticsABSTRACT
An examination was performed in 15 patients who had developed pronounced osteomalacia following gastric resection. The discussion covers potential pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for bone tissue metabolism disorders and approaches to correction thereof.
Subject(s)
Osteomalacia/etiology , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Stomach Ulcer/surgery , Adult , Aged , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Gastrectomy , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Osteomalacia/diagnosis , Osteomalacia/therapy , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/therapySubject(s)
Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/drug therapy , Aged , Calcium/metabolism , Drug Combinations , Estradiol/administration & dosage , Estradiol/analogs & derivatives , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/metabolism , Testosterone/administration & dosage , Vitamin D/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Electrolytic imbalance is a frequent finding in malabsorption syndrome. Derangement of calcium metabolism present clinically in different variants is most serious. Some patients develop hypocalcemia manifesting clinically with specific myasthenia, paresthesias, convulsions, hemorrhages, etc. In other variants severe skeletal lesions are seen which may become dominating in the clinical picture though hypocalcemia was absent. Investigation of calcium metabolism, hormonal profile (parathormone, in particular) in malabsorption syndrome can prognosticate and prevent the onset of osteomalacia.
