Epizootic process of equine infectious diseases in the Altai Krai / [Processo epizoótico de doenças infecciosas equinas no Krai de Altai]

The urgency of the studied problem is due to the need for epizootic monitoring of equine infectious diseases in the Altai Krai and the lack of basic information on the relative and absolute parameters of changes in the epizootic process, scientific, methodological and practical aspects of the assessment of potential risks. The purpose of the article is to study the epizootic process for each nosological form of equine infectious diseases in the Altai Krai based on statistical information over the period from 1964 to 2017. Epizootic method is a leading method of the study of this problem, which allows the identification and discussion of the association of equine infectious diseases with natural and geographical conditions in the Altai Krai. The article presents data on intensive parameters of the epizootic process of equine infectious diseases and their changes with a description of periodic changes in the Altai Krai. The materials of the article provide veterinary and biology specialists with information on the epizootics of various nosological forms of equine infectious diseases in the Altai Krai.(AU)

A urgência do problema estudado é devida à necessidade de monitoramento epizoótico de doenças infecciosas equinas no Krai de Altai, e a falta de informação básica sobre os parâmetros relativos e absolutos de mudanças no processo epizoótico, e aspectos científicos, metodológicos e práticos da avaliação de potenciais riscos. O propósito do artigo é estudar o processo epizoótico para cada forma nosológica de doenças infecciosas equinas no Krai de Altai, baseado em informação estatística no período de 1964 a 2017. O método epizoótico é o principal método de estudo deste problema, que permite a identificação e discussão da associação entre doenças infecciosas equinas e condições naturais e geográficas do Krai de Altai. Este artigo apresenta dados dos parâmetros intensivos do processo epizoótico de doenças infecciosas bovinas e suas mudanças com uma descrição de mudanças periódicas no Krai de Altai. Os materiais do artigo fornecem informações para especialistas na veterinária e biologia com relação aos epizoóticos de diversas formas nosológicas de doenças infecciosas equinas no Krai de Altai.(AU)

Identifying N-terminal peptides by a combination of the edman procedures with a bromine isotope tag: Application to the silicateins.

Silicateins are proteins found within spicules of siliceous sponges. They are analogs of proteinases cathepsins; they catalyze the transformation of silicic acid esters into biogenic silica (SiO2 ·nH2 O), and are believed to take part in the processes of silicification in marine and freshwater sponges. Earlier studies by Kalyuzhnaya et al. revealed that the Baikal Sponge Lubomirskia baicalensis Pallas, 1773 (L. baicalensis) contains a gene 1988 bp long, which hosts four sequences that encode four mRNAs giving rise to silicateins α1, α2, α3 and α4 (SILα1, SILα2, SILα3, SILα4) whose predicted amino acid sequences are similar to those of the predicted sequences of marine sponge silicateins. However, the sequences of mature silicateins of L. baicalensis remained unknown, since their N-terminal peptides were not identified. We found the sequences of these N-terminal peptides using a combination of the Edman procedure, which involved reaction with phenylisothiocyanate, treatment with trifluoroacetic acid and trypsinolysis followed by treatment with 4-bromine-phenylisothiocyanate performed directly within polyacrylamide gel bands, and subsequent mass spectrometry. The N-terminal peptides are YAESIDWR (SILα1), YVDSIDWR (SILα2 and α4), and YADSLDWR (SILα3). All mature silicateins of L. baicalensis had a length 217 amino acid residues.

[Synthesis of tetrasubstituted porphyrins by interaction of 5-aryldipyrromethanes with 4-substituted benzaldehydes].

Synthesis of tetraphenyl-substituted porphyrins with tret-butyl and methoxycarbonyl groups in meso-aryl radicals is described. It is shown that, during the condensation of dipyrromethanes with substituted benzaldehydes, a rearrangement occurs with the formation of a mixture of isomeric porphyrins. The character of these rearrangements depends on the position of substituents in the starting compounds.

[Synthesis and antitumor activity of cyclopropane derivatives of betulinic and betulonic acids].

New cyclopropane derivatives of betulin were synthesized by attachment of dichlorocarbenes or dibromocarbenes to the double bond of betulin diacetate, followed by the deprotection of hydroxyl groups. The betulin cyclopropane derivative was obtained from 20,29-dihydro-20,29-dichloromethylenebetulin by treatment with lithium in tert-butanol. These compounds were converted into the corresponding derivatives of betulonic acid by oxidation with chromium trioxide. The reduction of oxo group with sodium borohydride led to the corresponding derivatives of betulinic acid. 20,29-Dihydro-20,29-dichloromethylenebetulinic acid proved to be the most cytotoxic toward human melanoma of the Colo 38 and Bro lines and human ovarian carcinoma of the CaOv line (IC50 10 microM). 20,29-Dihydro-20,29-dibromomethylenebetulinic acid inhibited the growth of the Bro melanoma cell line and the CaOv carcinoma cell line practically by 50% at a concentration of 10 microM. The other derivatives of betulinic and betulonic acids were active toward all of the three cancer cell lines at concentrations higher than 10 microM. The English version of the paper: Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry, 2005, vol. 31, no. 3; see also http://www.maik.ru.

[Reduction of residual nitrite in boiled sausages]. / K voprosu o snizhenii ostatochnogo nitrita v varenykh kolbasakh

The authors put forward a new principle for colouration of cooked products, based on the use in the composition of the curing mixture of disodium hemin chloride (3 mg%), this enabling it to reduce the amount of the introduced nitrite down to 3 mg%. The advantage of the said curing mixtures consists also in that the sausages produced with this curing mixture did not demonstrate the presence of any residual nitrite and N-nitrose-amine compounds, whereas in control specimens (7.5 mg% of nitrite) they were present.