[Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome as a presentation of acute intermittent porphyria]. / Sindrom zadnei obratimoi entseflopatii kak proyavlenie tyazhelogo pristupa ostroi porfirii.

The authors describe a clinical case of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in a 36-year-old female patient due to the first onset of not previously diagnosed acute intermittent porphyria. Only 22 clinical and radiological cases of the combination of PRES and acute porphyria were reported in the literature by 2018. This is the first report of a similar association confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the Russian literature. The article describes the dynamics of the disease from unexplained abdominal pain to repeated epileptic paroxysms and subsequent formation of a detailed picture of encephalo- and polyneuropathy. The particularities of neurological presentations, the significance of epileptic paroxysms and MRI in the diagnosis of the abovementioned combined pathology are shown. Possible mechanisms causing both pathological processes are considered.

[Aneurysm of the thoracic aorta with esophageal perforation].

Aneurysms of a chest department of an aorta with esophageal perforation two cases are presented and a lethal outcome. Difficulties in diagnostics have been caused by rare occurrence of the given pathology, insufficient experience of clinical physicians, and also absence during supervision of characteristic attributes Aortoesophageal Fistula.

[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the stomach. A case report].

Clinical supervision diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the stomach at the patient of young age is presented. Difficulties of the differential diagnostics of lymphom have been caused by macroscopical polyphormism. With the purpose of verification of disease are used the chromoendoscopy and immunohistochemical research.

[The development of cholinesterase activity in the sensitive and motor nuclei of the brain stem in early human embryogenesis]. / Razvitie aktivnosti kholinésteraz nekotorykh chuvstvitel'nykh i dvigatel'nykh iader stvola mozga v rannem émbriogeneze cheloveka.

Distribution of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in nucleus of various formations of embryonic human brain was studied by histochemical method. Early activity of AChE is characteristic for one formations and early BChE activity is shown for others. In fibers of solitarius tract and particularly of descending tract in the V pair of cranial nerves active AChE was revealed for 7-8-week embryos yet. In 10-12-week human foetuses high total AChE and BChE levels were revealed in brain structures. High AChE activity was observed in caudoventrolateral group of the nucleus of the VII pair and the V pair accounting for the integration of reactions of suckling and the transmission of pain impulses towards the higher formations of human brain.

[Effect of different doses of water-soluble retinoic acid on the lipid and 3-beta-ol steroid dehydrogenase concentration in the interstitial tissue and supporting cells of the testes of mice]. / Vliianie razlichnykh doz vodorastvorimoi retinoevoi kisloty na kontsentratsiiu lipidov i 3-beta-ol-steroiddegidrogenazy v interstitsial'noi tkani i podderzhivaiushchikh kletkakh semmenikov myshei.

A study was made of the influence of various doses of water-soluble retinoic acid on the concentration of lipids and 3-beta-ol steroid dehydrogenase (SD) in the interstitial tissue (IT) and supporting cells (SC) of mouse testicles. Three groups of animals were injected with 1% retinoic acid i. p., with the doses injected being 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 ml respectively. After the termination of experiments the animals were sacrificed and the cryostat sections 9 micron thick were stained for lipids and 3-beta-ol in the testicles. It was found that water-soluble retinoic acid is capable of exerting an essential influence on the steroid-producing system of the testicles. At the same time retinoic acid injected in the doses 0.1 and 0.2 ml causes an elevation of the content of lipids and 3-beta-ol SD in the IT and SC of the testes producing Leydig's cells that furnish the internal secretion of the testicle. Injection of 0.3 ml retinoic acid brings about a decrease in the concentration of 3-beta-ol SD in the IT and SC as compared with the dose 0.2 ml. However, in the IT the activity of the enzyme remains higher than in control, whereas in the SC it falls below the control values. The lipid content in the IT and SC changes differently, namely it rises in Leydig's cells and diminishes in Sertoli's cells as compared with the effect of 0.3 ml acid. It may be suggested that injection of large doses of retinoic acid entails alterations primarily in the synthesis of sex steroids, whereas the storage of lipoid substances that serve as substrate remains at a high enough level.

[Effect of different doses of retinol acetate on the RNA and total protein content of rodent ovaries and endometrium]. / Vliianie razlichnykh doz retinola atseta na soderzhanie RNK i obshchego belka v iaichnikakh i éndometrii gryzunov.

The effects of different doses of retinol acetate (RA) on protein synthesis by the hamster ovaries and endometrium were studied. Two groups of CBA/C57BL mice aged 3-4 months were given 3.44% oily RA per os on a daily basis for 10 days. After completion of the experiments the paraffin sections 6 micron m thin were subjected to a histochemical assay for the content of RNA and total protein in the ovaries and endometrium. RA (50 000 IU) was found to stimulate RNA and protein synthesis in all the ovarian structures and endometrium. In the ovaries, vitamin primarily affected the follicular epithelium and internal the-ca of the follicles. Administration of RA in a dose of 80 000 IU inhibited protein synthesis in the ovaries and endometrium. As for the ovarian structures the greatest changes under toxic hypervitaminosis A (80 000 IU) were experienced by the follicular epithelium and ovocytes.