ABSTRACT
Para-chlorophenylalanine restores impaired conditioning and retention of active avoidance reaction in castrated animals and improved their behavior in the open field test.
Subject(s)
Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Fenclonine/pharmacology , Learning/drug effects , Orchiectomy , Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacology , Animals , Conditioning, Psychological , Male , RatsABSTRACT
The effects of thyroid and adrenal cortex hormone and sex hormone deficiencies on the ability to learn, store memory traces, and behave were compared in male rats. These studies showed that removal of peripheral endocrine glands led to disruption of the learning process and the ability to reproduce learned information and also produced alterations in behavior. Analysis of the results showed that corticosteroid hormones are directly involved in the processes of learning and behavior. Sex and thyroid hormones appear to have modulatory effects on higher nervous activity.
Subject(s)
Behavior, Animal/physiology , Endocrine Glands/metabolism , Hormones/deficiency , Learning/physiology , Memory/physiology , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/physiology , Animals , Avoidance Learning/physiology , Gonadal Steroid Hormones/physiology , Higher Nervous Activity/physiology , Male , Maze Learning/physiology , Rats , Thyroid Hormones/physiologyABSTRACT
The effects of systemic administration of thyroid, adrenal cortex, and sex hormones on learning ability, memory trace retention, and behavior were compared in male rats. These studies showed that thyroid, corticosteroid, and sex hormones had no effect on passive learning. Excess quantities of sex hormones disrupted active learning and subsequent reproduction of received information; an excess of thyroid hormone improved the acquisition and retention of the active avoidance habit. Increases in the levels of adrenal cortex hormones worsened active learning and the retention of memory traces, and also increased the level of behavioral activity.
Subject(s)
Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Endocrine Glands/physiology , Hormones/pharmacology , Learning/drug effects , Memory/drug effects , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/pharmacology , Animals , Avoidance Learning/drug effects , Extinction, Psychological/drug effects , Gonadal Steroid Hormones/pharmacology , Male , Rats , Thyroid Hormones/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The effects of L-tryptophan on acquisition and extinction of active avoidance response and open field behavior were studied in male rates with elevated testosterone content. L-tryptophan improved learning in rats with elevated androgen content without affecting their behavior.
Subject(s)
Avoidance Learning/drug effects , Testosterone/blood , Tryptophan/pharmacology , Animals , Electric Stimulation , Male , Rats , Testosterone/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Malondialdehyde (MDA) as an indicator of lipid peroxidation (LPO), content and composition of phospholipids (PL) were analyzed in synaptosomes of the rat brain hemispheres using immobilization stress without and with pretreatment with a new synthetic taurine derivative (STD). The stress was accompanied by a decrease MDA content, inversion of the initial asymmetry of total phospholipids (TPL) and modification PL composition in the brain hemispheres of rats. STD administration to the rats after stress antagonized the decrease of the MDA level, attenuates stress induced inversion TPL asymmetry and normalized PL composition in the brain hemispheres. Prevention or diminution of synaptosomal PL changes in the rat brain hemispheres are interpreted as one of the possible mechanisms of the neuroprotective effect of STD.
Subject(s)
Brain/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Phospholipids/metabolism , Stress, Physiological/metabolism , Taurine/analogs & derivatives , Animals , Biomarkers , Brain/drug effects , Immobilization , Male , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Rats , Synaptosomes/metabolismABSTRACT
The effects of elevated levels of sex hormones resulting from systemic administration of hormone preparations on the abilities to learn and retain memory traces and on behavior were studied in rats of both sexes. Experiments were performed using models of conditioned active and passive avoidance reflexes and in the "open" field test. Increases in testosterone and estradiol levels had no effect on passive learning. Increases in testosterone levels in male rats led to derangement of active learning but had no effect on animal behavior. Elevated estradiol levels in female rats accelerated active learning and increased the animals' behavioral activity.
