Survey of microfungi on Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. from Münsterland, Germany.

During our investigation on microfungi in Antoniusheim, Fleissenbach und Merfelderbruch near Dülmen in Münsterland in the years 2005 and 2006 we were able to collect and identify 25 microfungi on Alnus glutinosa (L.) GAERTN. Among them are some which are very rare in Germany linke Phragmoporthe conformis (Berkley & Broome) Petrak, Cryptosporiopsis alnea (Rostr.) Petr., Prosthecium auctum (Berk. & Broome) Petr., Taphrina alni-incanae (Kun.) Magn. [= T. Amentorum (Sadeback) Rostrup], Cryptodiaporthe oxystoma (Rehm.) Z. Urb., Cladosporium alnicola Bub. & Vleug. [= C. Herbarum (Pers.)], Erysiphe penicillata (Wallr.) Link, Melampsoridium betulinum Kleb., Bacterodesmium longisporum M.B. Ellis, Marssonina alni Karak. Asteroma alneum (Pers.: Fr.) Sutton . All collected species can be found in the text.

Surveys of new and rare microfungi in the Düsseltal (North Rhine-Westphalia)--Germany.

In the years 2003 and 2004 we have observed an about 70 hectare large area in the Düsseltal, the eastern part of the Neandertal in North Rhine-Westphalia. There we collected on trees, bushes and herbs and found about 150 microfungi of which some are new for Germany or the entire world. E.g.: Pseudocercospora populigena N. ALE-AGHA, U. BRAUN & G.B. FEIGE on Populus berolinensis; Vialaea insculpta (FR.) SACC. on Ilex aquifolium L.; Passalora amelopsidis (PECK.) U. BRAUN on Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) PLANCH.: Pleiochaeta setosa (KIRCHN.) HUGHES on Genista angelica L.; Cercospora mercurialis PASS. on Mercurialis perennis L. (new for NRW); Pleurocytospora vestita PETRAK on Ribes aureum PURSH.; Gonatobotrys simplex CORDA on Lolium perenne L.; Phomatospora berckleyi SACC. on Dactylis glomerata L. and so on. All specimens are located in the Herbarium ESS, Mycotheca Parva collection G.B. Feige & N. Ale-Agha.

New, rare and remarkable records of microfungi from the Slovakian Republic.

During an excursion to the Slovakian Republic (lower and upper Tatra) of the Botanical Institute of the University of Essen in 2004 we were able to collect about 150 species of microfungi as parasites or saprophytes on cultivated crops and wild plants. Some of them are new for the entire world and a few of them are new for the Slovakian Republic, e.g: Ramularia liliicola N. Ale-Agha, U. Braun & G.B. Feige on Lilium martagon L.; Septoria aegopodii DESM. Ex Kickx. F. on Aegopodium podagaria L.; Puccinia asarina Kunze on Asarum europaeum L.; Puccinia polygoni ALB. & SCHW. and Puccinia polygoni-amphibii PERS. on Bilderdykia convolvulus (L.) Du Mont.; Ramularia chamaenerii Rostr. and Mycosphaerella chamaenerii Saville on Epilobium angustifolium L.; Plasmopara pusilla (de By.) Schroet on Geranium sylvaticum L.; Cercosporidium depressum (Berk. & Br.) Deighta on Angelica sylvestris L. All specimens are located in the Herbarium ESS, Mycotheca Parva collection G.B. Feige & N. Ale-Agha.

New, rare or remarkable microfungi in the Italian Alps (Carnic Alps)--part I--ascomycotina.

During our observations in the SE part of the Carnic Alps in the year 2003 we were able to collect and identify 35 ascomycetes on trees and dead wood. Among these one can find numerous ascomycetes of different orders e.g. Pyrenomycetes, Loculoascomycetes and Discomycetes. Some species like Botryosphaeria ribis GROSENLUCHER & DUGGAR on Ribes alpinum L., Dothiora pyrenophora (FR.) FR. on Sorbus aucuparia L., Gemmamyces piceae (BORTH.) CASAGO. on Picea excelsa (LAM.) LINK, Glomerella montana (SACC.) v. ARX & E. MULLER on Sesleria caerulea (L.) ARD, Hymenoscyphus immutabilis (Fuck.) Dennis on Alnus incana (L.) Moench, Hysterographium fraxini (PERS. Ex. FR.) de Not. on Fraxinus ornus L., Lachnellula willkommii (Hartig) DENNIS [= Trichascyphella willkommii (Hartig) NANNF.] on Larix decidua MILL.,Leptosphaeria lycopodina (Mont.) SACC. on Lycopodium annotinum L., Mollisia adenostylidis REHM. on Adenostyles glabra (MILL.) DC., Pezicula cinnamomea (DC.)SACC. [ana: Cryptosporiopsis quercina PETRAK] on Quercus robur L., Pyrenopeziza petiolaris (A. & S. Ex FR.) NANNF. on Acer pseudoplatanus L., Tapesia rosae (PERS.) FUCKEL on Rosa canina L., are new for this area. All specimen are deposited in the Herbarium ESS Mycotheca Parva, Collection G.B. Feige/N. Ale-Agha.

New, rare or remarkable microfungi in the Italian Alps (Carnic Alps)--part II--other microfungi.

In addition to the collection of Ascomycotina in the Carnic Alps (see New, rare or remarkable microfungi in the Italian Alps (Carnic Alps) part I ) we were able to treasure about 300 species of parasitic and saprophytic microfungi. Among them Basidiomycetes, Ascomycetes and Deuteromycets like Bostrichonema polygoni (UNGER) SCHROT. on Polygonum viviparum L., Chrysomyxa rhododendri DE BY on Picea abies (L.) KARSTEN, Coleosporium tussilaginis (PERS.) BERK. I=C. cacaliae OTTH.] on Adenostyles glabra (MILL.) DC., Dasyscyphus barbatus (KUNZE) MASSEE on Lonicera nigra L., Leptosphaeria coniothyrium (FUCKEL) SACC. on Rosa canina L., Leptotrochila brunellae (LIND) DENNIS on Prunella grandiflora (L.) SCHOLLER., Marssonina kriegeriana (BES.) MAGNUS on Salix reticulata L., Puccinia alpina FUCKEL on Viola biflora L., Puccinia maculosa (STRAUSS.) ROHLING and Erysiphe cichoracearum DC. On Prenanthes purpurea L., Septoria microsora SPENG. on Gentianella germanica (WILLD.) BORNER, Urocystis orobranches (FR.) FISCH. V. WALDH. on Orobranche gracilis SM., Urocystis violae (J. SOWERBY) A. FISCHER VON WALDHEIN on Viola biflora L. and Uromyces phyteumatum (DC.) UNG. on Phyteuma spicatum L. were dominant. All samples are located in the Herbarium ESS Mycotheca Parva, Collection G.B. Feige/N. Ale-Agha.

Mycodiversity on a dead stem of the giant hogweed--Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommer et Levier.

During our investigations on microfungi in the Ruhr area we were able to find the remarkable mycodiversity of different genera and species on dead stems of Heracleum mantegazzianum, a Neophyt for the European flora. Altemaria alternata (FR.FR.) KEISSL., Camarosporium spec., Cladosporium herbarum (PERS.) LINK, Colletotrichum dematium (PERS. Ex FR.) GOVE, Dactylella armandii YADV., Dasyscyphus mollissimus (LASCH.) DENNIS, Dendryphion comosum WALLR., Endophragmia hyalosperma (CORDA) MORGAN-JONES & COLE, Epicoccum purpurescens EHRENB., Gliomastix luzulae (FUCKEL) MASON, Hymenoscyphus herbarum (PERS.) DENNIS, Lasiosphaeria caudata (FUCKEL) MASON, Lophiostoma caulium (FR.) CES. & de NOT, Periconia byssoides PERS., Phoma complanata (TODE EX FR.) DESM., Phoma longissima (PERS.) WESLEND., Pirottaea cf. nigrostriata GRADDON, Pleospora herbarum (PERS.) RABENH. EX. CES. & de NOT, Pleurophragmium parvisporum (PREUSS) HOLUBOVA-JECHOVA, Pyrenopeziza chailletii FUCKEL, Rhizopus stolonifer (EHRENB. FR.) VUILL, Sclerotina sclerotiorum (LIB.) DE BY., Septofusidium herbarum (BROWN & SMITH) SAMSON, Torula herbarum (PERS.) LINK, Trichoderma koningii OUDEM, Volutella melaloma BERK. & BR. The sample is located in the Herbarium ESS Mycotheca Parva, Collection G.B. Feige/N. Ale-Agha.

New and remarkable microfungi in North Rhine Westphalia, Germany.

During our investigation on microfungi in North Rhine Westphalia in the years 2002 and 2003 we were able to collect and identify some new and rare species of microfungi as parasites and saprophytes on wild and ornamental plants. Some of these like Erysiphe elevata (BURILL.) U. BRAUN & S. TAKAMATSU COMB. NOV. [=Microsphaera elevata BURILL.] on Catalpa bignonioides WALT., Erysiphe syringae-japonicae (U. BRAUN) U. BRAUN & S. TAKAMATSU [= Microsphaera syringae-japonicae U. BRAUN, M. aceris BUNKINA. KOMAROVSKIE CHTENIYA, Erysiphe acerina U. BRAUN & S. TAKAMATSU] on Acer campestre L. and Acer barinerve L., Mycosphaerella iridis (DESM.) SCHROET., Ectostroma iridis FR. and Volutella melaloma BERK. & BR on Iris pseudacorus L., Puccinia doronicella P. SYD. & SYD. on Doronicum columnae TEN., Ascochyta lamiorum SACC. S.L. I=A. phlomidis BUB. & WROB.) on Phlomis tuberosa L., Colletotrichum gloeosporides (PENZ.) SACC. on Passiflora coerulea L., Oidium hortensiae JOERST on Hydrangea macrophylla (THUNB.) SER., Puccinia horiana P. HENN. on Chrysanthemum vulgare (L.) BERNH., Lophodermium pinastri (SCHRAD.) CHEV., Leptostroma pinorum SACC., Sclerophoma pythiophila (CDA) HOHN., Lichenoconium boreale (KARST.) PETRAK. & SYD., Anthostomella formosa KIRSCHST. and Sphaeropsis sapinae (FR.) DYKO & SUTTON on Pinus nigra L. are new for Germany. All samples are located in the Herbarium ESS Mycotheca Parva, Collection G.B. Feige/N. Ale-Agha.

New and remarkable records of microfungi from Turkey.

During a botanical excursion of the University of Essen in the year 2002 to North-, Central- and South-Anatolia we have collected representatives of about 100 genera of microfungi as parasites or saprophytes on crops and wild plants. Some of them are new for Turkey: Passalora dubia on Atriplex hortensis, Pseudocercospora ligustri on Ligustrum ovalifolium, Passalora smilacis on Smilax aspera, Uromyces limonii on Limonium spec., Puccinia jasmini on Jasminim spec., Sawadea bicornis on Acer negundo, Puccinia sii-falcariae on Falcaria vulgaris, Phomia hedericola on Hedera helix, Camorosporium pistaciae on Pistacia terebinthus, Erysiphe bahrii on Silene spec., Ramularia heraclei on Apium graveolens. All specimens are located in the Herbarium ESS, Mycotheca parva, collection G.B. Feige & N. Ale-Agha.

Second report of microfungi in eastern Westphalia (Sauerland, Northrhine-Westphalia, Germany).

39 microfungi from 25 different genera, including Ascomycetes of the orders Erysiphales, Meliolales, Helotiales and Pseudosphaeriineae and Basidiomycetes of the orders Uredinales as well as Hyphomycetes and Coelomycetes were found. The examined samples have been collected in Germany, Northrhine-Westfalia, in the area named Sauerland in the period of March 2000 to June 2002. Cytonema spinellum (Kalchbr.) Höhn, and Melanospora caprina (Fr. ex Hornem.) Sacc. as a hypoparasit are recorded for Germany for the first time. The samples are deposited in the Herbarium Essen (Mycotheca parva Slg. Feige/Ale-Agha).

New, rare and remarkable microfungi from Macedonia (Greece).

On the occasion of the great excursion of the Botanical Institute of the University of Essen in the year 2000 we were able to collect about 250 species of parasitic and saprophytic microfungi in eastern Greece. Dominant were Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes, for example Puccinia convolvuli on Calystegia silvatica, Puccinia caricina on Carex flava, Ramularia cynoglossi on Cynoglossum creticum, Phyllosticta juglandis and Marssonina juglandis on Juglans regia, Erysiphe cynoglossi on Echium italicum and Hendersonia culmiseda on Phragmites australis. Many of our collections contain rare and to a great extend unknown species for the area of investigation. All samples are located in the Herbarium ESS, Mycotheca parva, collection G.B. Feige & N. Ale-Agha.

Microfungi on compositae in the Ruhr Basin.

Forty-three microfungi have been observed on thirty species of the Compositae occurring in several locations in the Ruhr Basin in North Rhine-Westphalia. Many fungi belong to the Ascomycetes (Erysiphales, Diaporthales, Dothideales, Leotiales and Pleosporales) and to the Deuteromycetes (Melanconiales, Moniliales and Sphaeropsidales). Other fungi wich were found in our investigation belong to the Basidiomycetes (Uredinales) and to the Oomycetes (Peronosporales). Some recorded microfungi have been discovered on new hosts in North Rhine-Westphalia and also in Germany for the first time. New for North Rhine-Westphalia are Ascochyta spec. Libert on Matricaria recutita L., Phoma exigua var. linicola (Naumov & Vassilevski) Maas on Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.) W. D. J. Koch, Phomopsis achillea (Sacc.) Höhn. on Achillea ageratum L., Diaporthe aff. arctii (Lasch) Nitschke on Solidago canadensis L. and on Achillea ageratum L., Lophiostoma caulium (Fr.) Ces. & De Not. on Anthemis tinctoria L. and Ophiobolus fructicum (Rob. ex Desm.) on Serratula tinctoria L. New for Germany are Ophiobolus cirsii (P. Karst.) Sacc. on Cichorium intybus L., Phomopsis cirsii Grove on Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten., Pleospora kansensis J. P. Ellis & M. B. Ellis and Pleospora phaeocomoides cf. var. infectoria on Centaurea jacea L.

Surveys of microfungi in a former industrial area in Duisburg-Nord.

One hundred and forty microfungi (Ascomycetes and Deuteromycetes) were collected in the "Landschaftspark Duisburg-Nord" located in North Rhine-Westphalia. New hosts for rarely found fungi are recorded for the first time. New for Germany are Massaria inquinans (Tode) De Not. and Nitschkia grevillei (Rhem) Nannf. on Acer pseudoplatanus L., Pirottaea nigrostriata Graddon on Artemisia vulgaris L., Ceratopycnis clematidis Höhn. on Clematis vitalba L., Dasyscyphus aff. humuli (W. Phillips) Dennis on Humulus lupulus L. and Leptosphaeria derasa (Berk. & Br.) Auersw. on Senecio inaequidens DC. New for North Rhine-Westphalia are Chaetosphaerella phaeostroma (Durieu & Mont.) E. Müller & Booth and Phomopsis platanoides (Cooke) Died. on Acer pseudoplatanus L., Microsphaeropsis pseudaspera Sutton, Mycosphaerella osborniae D. Hawksw. & Sivan. and Phomopsis oblita Sacc. on Artemisia vulgaris L., Leptosphaeria acuta (Fr.) P. Karst. and Leptosphaeria doliolum (Pers.) Ces. & De Not. on Bryonia dioica Jacq., Ophiobolus erythrosporus (Riess) G. Winter and Pleospora herbarum (Pers.) Rabenh. ex Ces. & De Not. on Dipsacus sylvestris (Huds), Keissleriella ocellata (Niessl) Bose on Hypericum perforatum L., Dactylaria aff. graminicola on Lolium perenne L., Siroplacodium aff. atrum on Oenothera beinnis L., Diatrypella favacea (Fr.) Sacc. on Prunus spec., Hapalosphaeria deformans (Syd.) Syd. and Microdiscula rubicola (Bres.) Höhn. on Rubus fructicosus agg. L., Cryptodiaporthe salicina (Pers.) Wehm. on Salix alba L. and Pleurophoma pleurospora (Sacc.) Höhn. on Salix caprea L.

Remarkable, overlooked and new microfungi in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

During our investigations of the micro flora in NRW in the years of 1999 and 2000 we were able to collect and identify some new and rare species of micro fungi as parasites and saprophytes on wild and ornamental plants. Some of them are new for Germany: Podosphaera xanthii on Coreopsis verticillata; Cercospora traversiana on Trigonella foenum-graecum; Passalora dubia on Atriplex hortensis; Ophiobolus cirsii on Carduus spec.; Periconia britannica on Polemonium coeruleum; Ascochyta leptospora on Agropyron repens; Apomelasmia urticae on Urtica dioica; Cryptodiaporthe salicina on Salix caprea; Dasyscyphus nidulus on Anemone hupehensis; Rhopographus filicinus on Pteridium aquilinum; Sillia ferruginea on Corylus avellana; Sirococcus spiraeae on Spiraea spec. and Forsythia x intermedia. Examples of these findings are in the Herbarium ESS (Mycotheca Parva, Slg. Feige/Ale-Agha).

Microfungi on Rosaceae in eastern Westphalia (Sauerland, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany).

Microfungi occuring on Rosaceae in the Sauerland were examined. 38 microfungi from 27 different genera were found, including Ascomycetes of the orders Erysiphales, Helotiales, Hypocreales and Taphrinales and Basidiomycetes of the order Uredinales as well as mitosporic fungi. The examined samples have been collected in the period of march to september 2000. New hosts could be found for the following species: Discosia potentillae Lib., Phragmidium acuminatum (Fr.) Cooke, Stigmina carpophila (Lev.) M.B. Ellis, Seimatosporium pestalozzioides (Sacc.) B. Sutton, Septocyta ruborum (Lib.) Petr. and Zythiostroma mougeotii (Fr.) Höhn. Discosia potentillae Lib. is recorded for the first time for Germany and Cercospora potentillae Chupp & Greene for the first time for Europe.

Isolation and characterization of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase I of Tetrahymena pyriformis.

A procedure for the separation and purification of DNA-dependent RNA polymerases [EC 2.7.7.6] from macronuclei of Tetrahymena pyriformis is described. We have used it to isolate and characterize the class I enzyme. RNA polymerase I was identified by its resistance against alpha-amanitin and its location in nucleoli. The purified enzyme consists of at least 12 major subunits with approximate molecular weights of 180,000, 118,000, 37,500, 36,000, 29,000, 27,500, 20,000, 18,500, 15,600, 14,500, 13,500, and 12,600. Chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex separated two forms of RNA polymerase I which differed in the presence of an additional polypeptide of 25 kDa. Independently of this polypeptide, the enzyme was found to segregate on DNA cellulose into a binding and a non-binding fraction. This type of heterogeneity was found to be unrelated to differences in molar ratios or molecular weights of the enzyme subunits. The catalytic properties of all enzyme subfractions were very similar and complied with the general characteristics of RNA polymerase I [cf. Roeder, R.G. (1976) in RNA Polymerase (Losick, R. & Chamberlin, M., eds.) pp. 285-329, Cold Spring Harbor Publ. Co., New York].