ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a mental illness that poses a serious threat to human health worldwide. Schisandra chinensis is a natural herb that can treat the effects of AD, but its specific mechanism is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential components and pharmacological pathways of S. chinensis in the treatment of AD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, we investigated the compound of S. chinensis and the effects of it on AD by network pharmacology. Meanwhile, the potential mechanism was proved in vitro. RESULTS: The results showed that S. chinensis contained 173 compounds. Compound-target network confirmed that (E)-9-Isopropyl-6-Methyl-5,9-Decadiene-2-One, 1-Phenyl-1,3-Butanedion, nootkatone and phenyl-2-Propanone were the main chemical constituents which highly aimed at APOE, CACNA1D, GRIN2A, and PTGS2. KEGG and GO enrichment analysis indicated that the main pathways involved neural-related signaling pathways and functions, such as nicotine addiction, GABAergic synapse, Ca2+ signaling pathway, AD, and so on. Validation experiments showed that nootkatone was able to exert anti-apoptotic effects related to Ca2+ signaling pathway by inhibiting nitric oxide production, enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, upregulating the expression of anti-oxidation and anti-apoptotic proteins in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: These results illustrated that S. chinensis could regulate neuronal apoptosis through the calcium signaling pathway to exert anti-AD by integrating multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway.
Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy , Apoptosis/drug effects , Computational Biology , Neurons/drug effects , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Schisandra , Alzheimer Disease/genetics , Alzheimer Disease/metabolism , Amyloid beta-Peptides/toxicity , Animals , Databases, Genetic , Gene Regulatory Networks , Neurons/metabolism , Neurons/pathology , PC12 Cells , Peptide Fragments/toxicity , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Protein Interaction Maps , Rats , Schisandra/chemistry , Signal Transduction , TranscriptomeABSTRACT
@#Objective To evaluate the value of myocardial perfusion change before and after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in predicting postoperative major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Methods A total of 70 CABG patients who received CABG completed by the same operator from January to November 2017 were selected, including 45 males and 25 females with an average age of 64.83±9.09 years. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether the patients had MACE after 1 year of the surgery, including a non-MACE group (group A, n=60) and a MACE group (group B, n=10). The clinical data of patients were compared. Results There were statistical difference in the myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) score in the group A before and after surgery (P<0.05), and there were statistically significant differences in the left ventricular size and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) value before and 1 year after surgery (P<0.001), but no statistically significant difference in the size of left atrium (P=0.075). There was no significant difference in the preoperative and postoperative MCE score, and preoperative and postoperative 1-year cardiac ultrasound score in the group B (P>0.05). Conclusion The change of myocardial perfusion after CABG surgery is associated with postoperative MACE. The evaluation of myocardial perfusion before and after CABG surgery is of great significance for the prognosis evaluation of patients.
