ABSTRACT
The early childhood caries (ECC) is a chronic illness common in children below 6 years. It is a syndrome characterized by presence of deciduous teeth multiple caries lesions. Scientific evidence indicate that ECC is an infectious and transmissible disease. Streptococcus mutans and other cariogenic bacteria are the microbiological agents in the disease. Prolonged contact between sugars in the liquids (like milk and juices) and cariogenic bacteria on the teeth increases caries risk. Lack of appropriate preventive measures can lead to multiple caries in susceptible infants. Ethiological aspects of ECC are investigated. After clinical case presentation, program of counseling, oral hygiene instruction, fluoride treatments, and restorative care effectiveness is described.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries , Child, Preschool , Dental Caries/etiology , Dental Caries/therapy , Humans , MaleSubject(s)
Ambulatory Care Facilities , Dental Clinics , Disinfection/methods , Sterilization/methods , Ambulatory Care Facilities/statistics & numerical data , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Dental Clinics/statistics & numerical data , Dental Instruments/microbiology , Disinfection/instrumentation , Disinfection/statistics & numerical data , Equipment Contamination/prevention & control , Humans , Italy , Pilot Projects , Sterilization/instrumentation , Sterilization/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
During normal cellular metabolism, free oxygen radicals are constantly generated. These are extremely toxic. However, they are rapidly eliminated by a series of metabolic steps, which involve certain enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase (a selenium dependent enzyme). The toxic effect of free oxygen radicals has been suggested to have carcinogenic properties, and this hypothesis may be the link between low selenium levels and increased cancer morbidity. From this point of view a correct selenium concentration in the plasma may represent a form of chemioprevention. In fact, the concept of chemioprevention of carcinogenesis with inhibitory chemical compounds is particularly apropous to head and neck squamous cell cancer control, because the incidence of metachronous second primary tumours in surviving patients with oral cancer is very high.
Subject(s)
Mouth Neoplasms/chemically induced , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Selenium/toxicity , Carcinogens , Free Radicals , HumansABSTRACT
Lingual agenesis is a rare anomaly caused by failed morphogenesis of the lateral lingual swellings during embriogenesis. Most reported cases have been part of oromandibular limb hypogenesis syndrome (OLHS). A case of lingual agenesis associated with micrognathia and alteration of the hands is reported.
Subject(s)
Abnormalities, Multiple , Fingers/abnormalities , Micrognathism/complications , Tongue/abnormalities , Humans , Infant, Newborn , MaleABSTRACT
The rigid fixation with plates represents an useful aid in the treatment of the maxillofacial diseases. To the best of our knowledge no studies on the effects of the plates placed across the growing fronto-nasal suture are available. We have therefore examined these effects in an experimental model represented by the suture of eight rabbits. The surgical procedure consists of placing one microplate and four screws across the frontonasal suture of each rabbit, one month old. Radiographies were made both at the moment of the operation and after thirty days. Our results demonstrate a decrease of the normal growth of the suture stressed by plates.
