ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To analyze multiple risk factors of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and the outcome. METHODS: Hundred neonates with NEC were compared with 100 normal neonates matched for sex, gestation and weight. Their data including antenatal, natal, course of illness, hospital stay, progress and outcome were collected. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to analyze the risk factors. RESULTS: Mean age of onset of NEC was 2.35 ± 1.11 d. Stage I, II and III were noted in 48 %, 39 % and 13 % of cases respectively. Most common clinical features were abdominal distension (85 %) and feed intolerance (70 %). Important risk factors associated with NEC were sepsis, top feeding, perinatal asphyxia, respiratory distress and mechanical ventilation. Antenatal steroids and breast feeding had beneficial effect. No association was found with occurrence of NEC and cyanotic heart disease or administration of H2 blockers. Outcome in stage III was very poor. CONCLUSIONS: Early identification of risk factors and appropriate intervention may reduce the incidence and improve the outcome in NEC.
Subject(s)
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/etiology , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/etiology , Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/therapy , Gestational Age , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature, Diseases , Risk Factors , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Candidiasis/pathology , Hyperpigmentation/microbiology , Hyperpigmentation/pathology , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/microbiology , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/pathology , Candidiasis/mortality , Humans , Hyperpigmentation/mortality , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/mortality , Infant, Very Low Birth WeightABSTRACT
Frank-Ter Haar syndrome is an unusual type of skeletal dysplasia with megalocornea and developmental delay. It is usually transmitted as autosomal recessive disorder. Only a few cases have been reported in the literature and none from India. The authors report a case with other unusual features and a short review of the condition.
Subject(s)
Craniofacial Abnormalities/diagnosis , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis , Osteochondrodysplasias/congenital , Developmental Disabilities/diagnosis , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Osteochondrodysplasias/diagnosisABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To study the maternal risk factors, morbidity, mortality of late preterm in comparison to term neonates. METHODS: This Cohort study involved two hundred fifty consecutively born late preterm and equal number of term newborns delivered in a tertiary care hospital. They were followed till discharge for morbidities and mortality. Detailed maternal and neonatal factors were studied and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Late preterm babies constituted 55% of all live preterm births during the study period. The odds of babies developing major morbidity was significantly more in those whose mothers had hypertension and infections (OR 2.69 95% CI: 1.55, 4.68 and 2.08, 95% CI: 1.6, 2.71 respectively). In the study group, 42.4% and 20.8% babies suffered major and minor morbidity compared to 8.4% and 6.8% of term controls respectively. Late preterm neonates had significantly higher odds of developing morbidity like respiratory distress (12.4% vs. 5.6%, OR 2.21, 95%CI 1.21,4.11), need for non invasive(17.3% vs. 5.7%, OR 3.05 95% CI 1.69, 5.47) and invasive ventilation (14.6% vs. 1.7%, OR 8.62, 95% CI 3.09, 24.04), sepsis (20.8% vs. 5.2%, OR 5.20, 95% CI 2.71, 9.99), seizures (22.8% vs. 4.8%, OR 4.75 95%CI 2.61, 8.63), shock (17.6% vs. 4.4%, OR 4.00 95% CI 2.12,7.56), and jaundice (26% vs. 6%, OR 4.33 95%CI 2.54, 7.39). By logistic regression, the odds of developing major morbidity decreased with increasing gestational age (aOR 0.28 95% CI 0.18, 0.45; p < 0.001) and increased with hypertensive disease of pregnancy (aOR 2.16 95% CI 1.09, 4.260; p = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS: Late preterm neonates have significantly more mortality and morbidity compared to term controls. Maternal hypertension and lower gestational age are the strongest predictors of morbidity.
