ABSTRACT
A laser-diode-pumped dual-loss-modulated Q-switching Tm:LuAG laser with an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) and monolayer graphene saturable absorber (SA) around 2 µm is presented for the first time to the best of our knowledge. The average output power and the pulse widths for different repetition rates have been measured. In comparison with the singly Q-switching laser with AOM or with monolayer graphene SA, the dual-loss-modulated Q-switching laser could generate shorter pulse width and higher peak power. The maximum pulse width compression ratio was found to be 3.11, and the highest peak power was enhanced 97.4 times. The experimental results show that the dual-loss-modulated technology is an efficient method for compressing the pulse width, improving the peak power, and enhancing the pulse stability for the Q-switched lasers at 2 µm.
Subject(s)
Graphite/chemistry , Lasers, Solid-State , Acoustics , Aluminum , Equipment Design , Lasers , Lutetium , Optical Devices , Oscillometry , ThuliumABSTRACT
In the present paper, the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is the main object of study. According to the calculation of the degree of depolarization, the authors can understand CCl4 crystal vibration. With the comparison between the calculated theoretical value and the experimental value, we are sure that our work is accurate.
ABSTRACT
Commercial production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic hydrolysates requires efficient fermenting strains. The abilities of the strain to converting all types of sugars in the hydrolysate to ethanol in high yield and to effectively tolerating/metabolizing inhibitors are necessary. Genome shuffling is a novel method for breeding, and it has been applied in pharmaceutical and food industry. This review summarized the technique of genome shuffling including principle, process, applications and its prospect for strains improvement in ethanol production from lignocellulosic hydrolysates.
