ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the perceived stigma and discrimination and received stigma and discrimination as well as the differences and reasons of them among people living with HIV/AIDS and their family members. Methods 307 people were investigated and 117 of which were HIV/AIDS and the others were their family members. Face to face interview was carried out. Results HIV/AIDS and their family were living in the social environment rounded by stigma and discrimination. Stigma and discrimination could be divided into perceived stigma and discrimination and received stigma and discrimination, and these two kinds of stigma and discrimination were statistically significant different between HIV/AIDS and their family members (t=-12.540, P=0.000) , and the perceived stigma and discrimination was more serious than received stigma and discrimination. The perceived stigma and discrimination were related to their self-efficacy (OR=0.558, P=0.041 ), family APGAR (OR= 0.650, P=0.027), infected with HIV or not (OR= 2.116,P=0.004). The received stigma and discrimination were related to their self-efficacy (OR=0.468,P=0.028), family APGAR (OR=0.427, P=0.000) whether infected by HIV (OR=3.412, P=0.001 ). Conclusion Stigma and discrimination did exist in the environment where HIV/AIDS and their family lived, suggesting that it was necessary to develop a series of policies and measures to fight against stigma and discrimination.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To probe the effect of acupuncture at three acupoints of eye on Bell palsy. METHODS: Seventy-six cases were randomly divided into a routine acupuncture group and a Yan three needling group, 38 cases in each group. The routine acupuncture group were treated with electroacupuncture (EA) at routinely selected acupoints including Yifeng (TE 17), Dicang (ST 4), etc. and the Yan three needling group were treated by EA at the routinely selected acupoints combined with acupuncture at three acupoints of eye including Jingming (BL 1), Shangming, Chengqi (ST 1). The intensity on 0.05 ms in the intensity/time (I/t) curve for frontal ventral fronto-occipital muscle and orbicular muscle of mouth at the affected side was used for assessment criteria of course of disease, and frontal ventral fronto-occipital muscle restoring the raising eyebrow action and orbicular muscle of mouth restoring to House-Brackmann grade I and II were regarded as the therapeutic time limit. RESULTS: Routine EA treatment combined with acupuncture at the 3 acupoints of eye could significantly increase clinical therapeutic effect on Bell palsy with a cured rate of 89.5%, which was better than 65.8% in the routine acupuncture group (P<0.05), and the therapeutic cycle was shorted. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture at the 3 acupoints of eye can significantly improve Bell palsy and promote recovery of functions of facial nerves.
