ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The high consumption of ultra-processed products is a concern because it is positively associated with the incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases, as metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim is to evaluate the effects of three different interventions to modify lifestyle on the consumption of ultra-processed foods in adults with MetS. METHODS AND RESULTS: This was a randomized clinical trial, in which the participants were divided into three groups: Standard Intervention (SI), Group Intervention (GI) and Individual Intervention (II). The interventions were carried out over a three-month period and the data was collected in a 24-h food record, taken at the beginning and end of the intervention. The food they ate was classified into four groups according to the degree of processing (unprocessed or minimally processed foods, processed culinary ingredients, processed foods, and ultra-processed foods) in accordance with the NOVA food classification. Seventy adults took part in the study with a mean age of 51.2 ± 6.6 years old; most of whom were female (55.7%). The amount of ultra-processed food consumed by the three groups (SI, GI and II) was significantly reduced (46%, 34%, and 33%, respectively). The amount of processed food consumed only reduced in the II group. The Total Energy Value (TEV) consumed by the SI and II groups decreased. CONCLUSIONS: The interventions that were intended to alter lifestyles were able to reduce the amount of ultra-processed food consumed, which can have an impact on the prevention and treatment of MetS. REGISTRATION: registered in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials, ReBEC, under number: RBR-9wz5fc.
Subject(s)
Metabolic Syndrome , Adult , Diet , Energy Intake , Fast Foods/adverse effects , Female , Food Handling , Humans , Life Style , Male , Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome/prevention & control , Middle AgedABSTRACT
We evaluated the response of individuals with metabolic syndrome to lifestyle modification intervention and examined the influence of the 48867A>C (Asp358Ala) IL6R (rs2228145) polymorphism on this response. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: NI, nutritional intervention; NIE, nutritional intervention and exercise practice. Intervention lasted three months and participants completed a comprehensive evaluation and had blood collected for biochemical measurements. Eighty-two sedentary individuals with at least three criteria for metabolic syndrome were included. Comparing metabolic syndrome parameters before and after intervention, a reduction of waist circumference was observed, although significant only for AA and AC genotypes. Also, a decrease in triglyceride levels was observed (significant for AA genotype individuals; for the AC genotype, only in the NIE group). Significant reduction of fasting glucose level was observed in all AA genotype individuals; for the AC genotype, only in the NI group. Systolic blood pressure showed significant reduction in AA and AC genotype individuals. After three months of lifestyle modification intervention, improvement in some of the metabolic syndrome parameters was observed, some associated with the IL6R genotype. At enrollment, participants with genotypes AA and AC showed more severe conditions regarding metabolic syndrome inclusion criteria, supporting previous reports that the A allele is a genetic risk factor. These individuals, however, had a better response to intervention compared to individuals with the CC genotype, suggesting that nutritional control and exercise practice could prevent risks associated with metabolic syndrome more efficiently in individuals bearing the A allele.
