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1.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 64(3): 145-150, mayo-jun. 2020. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-196334

ABSTRACT

Conseguir en la reconstrucción de una rotura completa del ligamento cruzado anterior una plastia con fuerza, tensión y poca comorbilidad es fundamental. Un concepto emergente es que plastias menores de 7mm de diámetro tienen mayor riesgo de rerrotura e inestabilidad. Consecuentemente se están buscando distintos métodos que predigan el tamaño intraquirófano de la misma. El objetivo es predecir el tamaño de la plastia de isquiotibiales mediante la medición del área del tendón semitendinoso y grácil con resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN). METODOLOGÍA: Estudio observacional restrospectivo de 56 pacientes, en los que se realiza reconstrucción tetrafascicular del ligamento cruzado anterior mediante plastia de isquiotibiales. Los parámetros evaluados han sido: datos antropométricos, diámetro de la plastia intraquirófano, área del tendón del grácil y semitendinoso en RMN. Las mediciones fueron realizadas por tres evaluadores independientes. RESULTADOS: El diámetro medio intraquirófano de la plastia fue de 8,46mm; la medición mediante RMN del área del grácil fue de 8.875mm y del semitendinoso de 13.068mm. La suma de ellas fue de 22,12 para la medición automática y de 21,53 para la manual. La correlación interobservador fue regular para la medición automática (ICC=0,595) y baja para la forma manual (ICC=0,446). El resultado de la correlación intraobservador fue excelente (ICC=0,917). No obtuvimos una correlación estadística entre la medición de áreas y el aumento del diámetro de la plastia (R=0,069, P=0,63). CONCLUSIÓN: Determinamos con nuestros resultados que la medición de la plastia intraquirófano de isquiotibiales y la medición mediante RMN no es un método adecuado para predecir su tamaño


To achieve in the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament a graft with strength, tension and low comorbidity is fundamental. An emerging concept is that a graft diameter of less than 7mm carries a greater risk of re-rupture and instability. Consequently, different methods are being sought to predict intra-surgical size. The objective is to predict the size of the hamstring graft by measuring the area of the semitendinous and gracilis tendon with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODOLOGY: We carried out an observational retrospective study of 56 patients. They underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with 4-GST hamstring graft. The parameters evaluated were anthropometric data, hamstring graft diameter, area of gracilis and semitendinosus tendon in MRI. The measurements were made by three independent evaluators. RESULTS: The mean diameter of the intrasurgical graft was 8.46mm, in the MRI the area of the gracilis was 8,875mm and the semitendinosus area was 13,068mm. Their mean was 22.12 for the automatic measurement and 21.53 for the manual measurement. The interobserver correlation was regular for the automatic measurement (ICC = 0.595) and low for the manual measurement (ICC = 0.446). The result of the intraobserver correlation was excellent (ICC = 0.917). We did not obtain a statistical correlation between the measurement of areas and the increase of the graft diameter (R = 0.069, P = .63). CONCLUSION: We determined with our results that the intrasurgical graft size is not predictable with the measurement of the area of the gracilis and semitendinosus tendon on the MRI


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Anterior Cruciate Ligament/surgery , Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction/methods , Hamstring Tendons/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Tendons/transplantation , Magnetic Resonance Imaging
2.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 77(3/4): e63-e67, mar.-abr. 2019. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-188581

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las infecciones micobacterianas fueron ya descritas en la antigüedad. En nuestro país se está produciendo un aumento en la identificación de determinadas especies de micobacterias no tuberculosas, como Mycobacterium lentiflavum. En la población pediátrica es frecuente encontrar linfadenopatías originadas por estos microorganismos, que ocasionan generalmente lesiones en la cabeza y el cuello. Caso clínico: Se presenta el caso de un lactante con lesión submaxilar derecha. Tras la realización de pruebas analíticas, radiológicas y anatomopatológicas se llegó al diagnóstico de sialoadenitis submaxilar derecha sobreinfectada. Se instauraron tratamiento sistémico antibiótico y tratamiento local de la lesión en la cara lateral del cuello, que presentaba fibrina y un exudado abundante y purulento, con diferentes productos de cura en ambiente húmedo según las necesidades requeridas. Conclusión: La lesión epitelizó a los 80 días desde su seguimiento en la unidad de asesoría en heridas. La utilización de productos que favorecen un medio ambiente húmedo se ha mostrado como una estrategia adecuada para conseguir la cicatrización de las lesiones


Introduction: Mycobacterial infections were already described in antiquity. In our country there is an increase in the identification of certain species of nontuberculous mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium lentiflavum. In the pediatric population it is common to find lymphadenopathies caused by these microorganisms, which usually cause injuries to the head and neck. Case report: We present the case of an infant with a right submaxillary lesion. After performing analytical, radiological and anatomopathological tests, it was reached the diagnosis of overinfected right submaxillary sialoadenitis. It was established systemic antibiotic treatment and local treatment of the lesion on the lateral side of the neck, which showed fibrin and abundant and purulent exudate, with different products of moist healing environment according to the required needs. Conclusion: The lesion epithelialized after 80 days of follow-up in the wound advisory unit. The use of products that promote a moist environment has been shown as an adequate strategy to achieve the healing of the lesions


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Wound Healing , Maxilla/injuries , Sialadenitis/therapy , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/therapy , Sialadenitis/nursing , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Azithromycin/administration & dosage , Ciprofloxacin/administration & dosage , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/pathology
3.
Rehabilitación (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 52(3): 206-210, jul.-sept. 2018. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-175767

ABSTRACT

El síndrome del túnel carpiano es una mononeuropatía frecuente en embarazadas. Se ha relacionado con edema por natriuresis y con neoformación por inflamación y colagenosis. Se diagnostica en función de los hallazgos clínicos y electrofisiológicos, y recientemente también ecográficos. Describimos los casos de 4 mujeres que presentaron síndrome del túnel carpiano en sus últimos meses de embarazo, y estudiamos los datos clínicos, electrofisiológicos y ultrasonográficos. La evaluación clínica y electrofisiológica demostró en 2 de las pacientes un síndrome del túnel carpiano leve y en las otras 2 moderado. Sin embargo, las alteraciones morfológicas en las 4 fueron importantes, habitualmente expresivas de atrapamientos de gran intensidad. En nuestras embarazadas los parámetros clínicos y electrofisiológicos no tuvieron una buena correlación con los ultrasonográficos para determinar específicamente la intensidad real, como sí ocurre en la población general. En este grupo de pacientes probablemente deberíamos asumir que los parámetros sonográficos deben ser tratados con cautela


Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a mononeuropathy often associated with pregnancy. This has been related to oedema caused by natriuresis and with newly formed tissue secondary to inflammation and collagenosis. Diagnosis is based on clinical and electrophysiological (EDX) features, and recently by ultrasonography. We describe 4 women who developed CTS in their last months of pregnancy. We studied the clinical, EDX and ultrasonographic features. The clinical and EDX evaluation showed mild CTS in two patients, and moderate CTS in the other two. The ultrasonographic examination demonstrated substantial enlargement, usually related to moderate or severe CTS. Unlike findings in the general population, the clinical and EDX parameters were not well correlated with ultrasonographic findings to specify the true severity of CTS in our patients. In this group of patients, we should probably assume that ultrasonographic parameters should be treated with caution


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/diagnostic imaging , Electrophysiology/methods , Ultrasonography/methods , Neuroimaging/methods , Pregnancy Complications/diagnostic imaging , Natriuresis/physiology
7.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 19(12): 1469-1477, dic. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-168909

ABSTRACT

Purpose. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and treatment outcome of intensity modulated radiation therapy with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB-IMRT) in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Materials and methods. A total of 64 NSCLC patients with stage IIB (3%), IIIA (36%), and IIIB (61%) were treated with concomitant (N = 47; 73%) or sequential (N = 9; 14%) chemotherapy between February 2009 and January 2014. Eight patients (13%) received RT alone. All patients received the same irradiation scheme using IMRT: prophylactic dose for mediastinum was 56 Gy at 1.65 Gy/fraction and SIB to macroscopic disease up to 68 Gy at 2 Gy/fraction. Results. The median follow-up was 16 months (range, 1-70 months). The overall survival rate for all patients was 79% after 1 year and 46% after 2 years. Disease-free survival (DFS) was 81 and 45% after 1 and 2 years, respectively, resulting in a median DFS of 16 months. Multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant association between stage IIIB patients and a higher risk of mortality (HR 2.11; P = 0.019). In addition, T4 stage associated with higher risk of recurrence (HR 2.23; P = 0.024) while concomitant chemoradiation was associated with lower risk of any recurrence (HR 0.34; P = 0.004) No patient experienced grade ≥3 esophagitis and only 6 cases (9%) had grade 3 pneumonitis. Only having a higher lung volume was associated with higher risk of pneumonitis in the multivariate analysis (HR 16.21; P = 0.022). Conclusion. This study in advanced NSCLC patients shows that SIB-IMRT is an effective technique with acceptable toxicity, also when combined with chemotherapy (AU)


No disponible


Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/radiotherapy , Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated/adverse effects , Toxicity Tests , 35514/analysis
8.
Rev. int. med. cienc. act. fis. deporte ; 17(68): 667-676, dic. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-168954

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: comprobar la efectividad del método Pilates Romana para conseguir una mayor flexibilidad de la columna, junto con una mejora en la movilidad de la misma, así como del dolor que presentan en su vida diaria los pacientes. Metodología: ensayo clínico con intención de tratar a treinta pacientes con dolor lumbar inespecífico. Asistieron a 15 sesiones, 2 veces a la semana, del Método Pilates Romana.. Se evaluaron parámetros tales como dolor, test de Schöber, SRS-22 y distancia dedos-suelo. Resultados. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas con respecto al dolor (escala EVA), distancia dedos-suelo, test de Schöber (flexibilidad en plano sagital), flexión lateral (flexibilidad en plano frontal) y en varios ítems de la escala SRS-22, con valores de p<0,001. Por ello, este método puede ser usado para mejorar el dolor, la flexibilidad axial, la función y los aspectos relacionados con la calidad de vida (AU)


Aim: to test the effectiveness of the Romana's Pilates method to obtain increased flexibility, improvements in mobility, and reduced pain in daily life. Methodology: a clinical trial with intention-to-treat thirty patients with non-specific low back pain. Participants attended 15 sessions, twice a week. The Romana's Pilates method was taught by an external physiotherapist. Parameters such as pain, the Schober test, and the SRS-22 were evaluated. Results: Statistically significant differences in pain (VAS), the Schober test (flexibility in sagittal plane), lateral flexion (flexibility in frontal plane) and several items of the SRS-22 scale were found, with p <0.001. This method may be used to improve pain, axial flexibility, function and aspects related to the quality of life of patients (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Male , Female , Exercise Movement Techniques/methods , Exercise Movement Techniques , Exercise Therapy , Low Back Pain/therapy , Pilot Projects , Quality of Life , Pain Measurement/methods , 28599 , Chronic Pain/therapy
9.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 75(9/10): 96-101, sept.-oct. 2017. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-168563

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: En enero de 2013 se implantó un protocolo de actuación para el manejo del dolor abdominal en el servicio de urgencias de pediatría, que pretendía reducir la realización de radiografías de abdomen no indicadas, disminuir la administración de enemas no indicados y aplicar una pauta de analgesia mayor. Se ha revisado el impacto del protocolo sobre la modificación de la práctica clínica y si estas variaciones se mantienen. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, analítico y retrospectivo, realizado en 684 pacientes que acudieron al servicio de urgencias por presentar dolor abdominal de causa aparentemente no orgánica, distribuidos en cuatro periodos: diciembre de 2012 (P1), febrero de 2013 (P2), noviembre de 2013 (P3) y mayo de 2015 (P4). Se han recogido los datos sobre las pruebas diagnósticas realizadas y los tratamientos empleados en estos pacientes. Resultados: Radiografía abdominal: P1= 14,7%, P2= 6,9%, P3= 1,8%, P4= 0% (p <0,01); pacientes con estreñimiento: P1= 23,4%, P2= 13,5%, P3= 0%, P4= 0% (p= 0,001). Ecografía abdominal: P1= 11%, P2= 12,5%, P3= 9,4%, P4= 10,1% (p >0,05). Administración de enema en el servicio de urgencias: P1= 21,5%, P2= 8,3%, P3= 17,1%, P4= 11,7% (p= 0,005); pacientes con estreñimiento: P1= 51,1%, P2= 21,6%, P3= 31,3%, P4= 32,5% (p= 0,036). Tratamiento con polietilenglicol: P1= 4,3%, P2= 6,3%, P3= 9,8%, P4= 4,7% (p >0,05); pacientes con estreñimiento: P1= 12,8%, P2= 21,6%, P3= 40,6%, P4= 20,5% (p= 0,034). Pauta de analgesia: P1= 42,9%, P2= 53,5%, P3= 53,7%, P4= 62,7% (p= 0,02). Reconsultas al servicio de urgencias: P1= 10,4%, P2= 2,1%, P3= 1,8%, P4= 13% (p <0,01). Conclusiones: El protocolo ha logrado reducir de forma significativa la realización de radiografías abdominales y el empleo de enemas rectales. Ha aumentado la prescripción de analgesia en pacientes con dolor abdominal. El protocolo ha logrado homogeneizar la actuación de los profesionales, disminuyendo el riesgo de yatrogenia y aumentando el confort de los pacientes y sus familias (AU)


Objectives: In January 2013 a protocol for the management of abdominal pain at pediatric emergency was implanted, with the following objectives: reducing abdominal radiographs not indicated, reduce treatment with enemas not indicated and more prescription of analgesia. It has been reviewed the impact of the protocol on changing clinical practice and whether these variations are maintained. Material and methods: Retrospective, descriptive and analytical observational study with 684 patients attending emergency department for abdominal pain apparently no organic cause, divided into four periods: December 2012 (P1), February 2013 (P2), November 2013 (P3) and May 2015 (P4). We collected data about diagnostic tests performed and treatments used in these patients. Results: Abdominal radiography: P1= 14.7%, P2= 6.9%, P3= 1.8%, P4= 0% (p <0.01); constipated patients: P1= 23.4%, P2= 13.5%, P3= 0%, P4= 0% (p= 0.001). Abdominal ultrasound: P1= 11%, P2= 12.5%, P3= 9.4%, P4= 10.1% (p >0.05). Patients treated with rectal enema: P1= 21.5%, P2= 8.3%, P3= 17.1%, P4= 11.7% (p= 0.005); constipated patients: P1= 51.1%, P2= 21.6%, P3= 31.3%, P4= 32.5% (p= 0.036). Patients treated with polyethylenglycol: P1= 4.3%, P2= 6.3%, P3= 9.8%, P4= 4.7% (p >0.05); constipated patients: P1= 12.8%, P2= 21.6%, P3= 40.6%, P4= 20.5% (p= 0.034). Patients treated with analgesia: P1= 42.9%, P2= 53.5%, P3= 53.7%, P4= 62.7% (p= 0.02). Reconsultations the emergency department: P1= 10.4%, P2= 2.1%, P3= 1.8%, P4= 13% (p <0.01). Conclusions: The protocol has reduced significantly the performance of abdominal radiographs and use of rectal enemas. It has increased the prescription of analgesia in patients with abdominal pain. Protocol has managed to standardize the medical intervention, reducing the risk of iatrogenic and increasing comfort for patients and their families (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Abdominal Pain/epidemiology , Emergency Treatment/methods , Clinical Protocols , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies , Colonic Diseases, Functional/epidemiology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/epidemiology , Constipation/epidemiology , Physical Examination/methods , Evaluation of the Efficacy-Effectiveness of Interventions
11.
Rehabilitación (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 51(1): 22-29, ene.-mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-160483

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Estudiar el grado de adherencia a largo plazo a los hábitos de vida cardiosaludables en pacientes isquémicos que han completado un programa de rehabilitación cardíaca y prevención secundaria (PRCyPS) y su impacto en la capacidad funcional. Diseño. Estudio analítico de cohortes histórico de pacientes isquémicos de riesgo moderado que completaron un PRCyPS en una Unidad de Rehabilitación Cardíaca en 2006-2007. Material y método. Las variables de estudio se recogieron en 3períodos: antes de empezar, tras terminar y a los 6 años de finalizar el PRCyPS. Como instrumentos de medida se utiliza el cuestionario sobre dieta mediterránea de Trichopoulou, el test de Morisky Green, el cuestionario internacional sobre actividad física y una ergometría. Se consideró cumplidor al paciente que seguía los 4 consejos cardiosaludables. La significación estadística se estableció en p<0,05. Resultados. Un total de 41 pacientes revisados a los 6 años (38 hombres, con 56 años de edad media). La adherencia a las recomendaciones cardiosaludables a los 6 años la cumplían 13 pacientes (32%). Los no cumplidores alcanzaron una capacidad funcional al finalizar el programa y a los 6 años de 10,4 y 8,3 respectivamente, mientras que los cumplidores alcanzaron 9,8 y 8,9. La pérdida de capacidad funcional en los no cumplidores fue del 20% frente a solo el 6% en los cumplidores (p=0,02). Conclusión. La adherencia a las recomendaciones de hábitos de vida cardiosaludables transmitidas en los PRCyPS a los 6 años es bajo (32%). Los pacientes que siguen todas las recomendaciones solo pierden un 6% de la capacidad funcional a los 6 años frente al 20% de la capacidad funcional que pierden los pacientes que no tienen una buena adherencia (AU)


Objective. To evaluate long-term adherence to healthy heart lifestyle habits in ischemic patients completing a cardiac rehabilitation/secondary prevention (CR/SP) programme and its impact on functional capacity. Design. Analytic historical cohort study of ischemic patients at moderate-risk who completed a CR/SP programme in a Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit from 2006-2007. Material and method. The study variables were collected in 3periods: Before and after the programme and 6 years later. Measurement instruments included Trichopoulou's Mediterranean diet questionnaire, the Morisky Green test, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and a stress test. Patients following 4 healthy heart recommendations were considered to be adherent. Statistical significance was set at P<.05. Results. A total of 41 patients were evaluated at 6 years; 38 were men and the mean age was 56 years. Thirteen patients (32%) were considered adherent to healthy heart recommendations at 6 years. At the end of the programme and at 6 years, functional capacity was 10.4 and 8.3, respectively, in adherent patients and 9.8 and 8.9 in non-adherent patients. Loss of functional capacity in non-adherent patients was 20% compared with only 6% in adherent patients (P=.02). Conclusion. Adherence to healthy heart recommendations made in a CP/SP programme was low (32%). Patients who adhered to all the recommendations lost only 6% of their functional capacity at 6 years compared with 20% of functional capacity in non-adherent patients (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Coronary Disease/rehabilitation , Cardiovascular Diseases/rehabilitation , Habits , Secondary Prevention/methods , Interviews as Topic/methods , Ergometry/standards , Motor Activity/physiology , Telephone , Primary Health Care/methods , Primary Health Care/trends
12.
Pharm. care Esp ; 19(6): 476-498, 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-170142

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los errores de medicación generan riesgos en el paciente hospitalizado y constituyen una de las principales causas del incremento en la morbi-mortalidad y costos económicos; por tanto la conciliación de medicamentos constituye una solución para reforzar la seguridad de los pacientes en los procesos de transición asistencial. Objetivos: Determinar la magnitud de los errores de conciliación en los servicios del ámbito hospitalario descrito y su impacto en el paciente. Métodos: Estudio observacional, prospectivo, con una muestra de pacientes ingresados a los servicios de internamiento del Hospital, que cumplieran con los criterios de inclusión; la información necesaria para comparar los resultados de la conciliación de medicamentos fue tomada de una entrevista, la Valoración Inicial de Enfermería y el expediente clínico. Resultados: Nueve de cada diez pacientes presentó al menos una discrepancia en su medicación. Entre el promedio de medicamentos conciliados por el departamento de Farmacia y mediante la Valoración Inicial de Enfermería existe una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p=0.00001, IC 95%). La mayor discrepancia se presentó con medicamentos del sistema cardiovascular, tracto gastrointestinal y metabolismo, y sistema nervioso central. Se presentaron 151 casos de error tipo B, 376 de tipo C, y 138 de tipo D. Conclusiones:Sí existen discrepancias significativas entre la conciliación de medicamentos realizada por el servicio de Enfermería y por el de Farmacia, tanto en cantidad como en tipo. Se recomienda que la conciliación se dirija prioritariamente a pacientes mayores de 65 años, con pluripatologías y en tratamiento con fármacos que actúan sobre los sistemas fisiológicos mencionados (AU)


Introduction: Medication errors produce risks in the hospitalized patient and constitute one of the main causes in the raise of morbidity and mortality together with the economic costs associated. Therefore the medication conciliation can be a solution to reinforce patient safety in the transitional process of medical assistance. Objective: To determine the significance of conciliation’s errors in the described services and their impact in patients. Methods: It was carried out a prospective, observational study with a sample of admitted patients in the hospitalized services who met the inclusion criteria; the information needed for the comparison was obtained from a patient’s interview, the Nursing Initial Assessment and the clinical record. Results: Nine out of ten patients presented at least a discrepancy in their medication. There is a significant statistical difference between the average number of medications conciliated by the Pharmacy Service and the Nursing Initial Assessment (p=0.00001, CI 95%). The higher discrepancy was observed with medications used to treat ailments from the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal system, metabolism and central nervous system. There were 151 cases of type B error, 376 for type C and 138 for type D. Conclusions: There are significant discrepancies between the medication conciliation performed by the Nursing Service and the Pharmacy Service both, in quantity and in type. Conciliation process is considered a priority for patients over 65 years old, with multiple ailments and treated with medications used for the above mentioned systems (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Medication Reconciliation/methods , Multiple Chronic Conditions/drug therapy , Drug Therapy, Combination , Costa Rica , Nursing, Team/methods , Pharmacy Service, Hospital/methods , Medication Errors/prevention & control , Prospective Studies , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/prevention & control
13.
Rev. clín. esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 216(6): 301-307, ago.-sept. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-154668

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. La paradoja del tabaco es un fenómeno insuficientemente explicado en estudios previos. Este estudio analiza el papel pronóstico del tabaquismo previo o activo en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo. Métodos. Obtuvimos los datos del registro ARIAM, entre 2001 y 2012. Se incluyó a 42.827 pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo (edad media 65±13 años, 26,4% mujeres). Se analizó la influencia del hábito tabáquico o de la condición de exfumador en la mortalidad mediante análisis multivariados. Resultados. Los fumadores eran más jóvenes, más frecuentemente hombres, tenían menos diabetes, hipertensión e historia previa de insuficiencia cardiaca, ictus, arritmia e insuficiencia renal, así como más frecuentemente elevación del ST e historia familiar. Los exfumadores presentaban más dislipidemia e historia de angina, infarto de miocardio, cardiopatía isquémica, vasculopatía periférica y broncopatía crónica. Fumadores y exfumadores desarrollaron menos frecuentemente shock cardiogénico (fumadores 4,2%, exfumadores 4,7% y no fumadores 6,9%, p<0,001). La mortalidad hospitalaria fue del 7,8% en los no fumadores, un 4,9% en los exfumadores y un 3,1% en los fumadores (p<0,001). En el análisis multivariado, el carácter fumador perdió su influencia en el pronóstico (-0,26%, p = 0,52 mediante cálculo de probabilidad inversa; y +0,26%, p=0,691 mediante análisis de propensión). Sin embargo, el carácter exfumador mostró una reducción significativa de la mortalidad en ambos test (-2,4% en el análisis de probabilidad inversa, p < 0,001, y -1,5% en el análisis de propensión, p = 0,005). Conclusiones. La paradoja del tabaco es un hallazgo que puede explicarse por otros factores pronósticos. El abandono del hábito tabáquico previo a un ingreso por síndrome coronario agudo se asocia a un mejor pronóstico (AU)


Objective. The tobacco paradox is a phenomenon insufficiently explained by previous studies. This study analyses the prognostic role of prior or active smoking in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Methods. We obtained data from the ARIAM registry, between 2001 and 2012. The study included 42,827 patients with acute coronary syndrome (mean age, 65±13 years; 26.4% women). The influence of smoking and that of being an ex-smoker on mortality was analysed using a multivariate analysis. Results. The smokers were younger, were more often men, had less diabetes, hypertension and prior history of heart failure, stroke, arrhythmia and renal failure and more frequently had ST-elevation and a family history of smoking. The ex-smokers had more dyslipidaemia and history of angina, myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, peripheral vasculopathy and chronic bronchial disease. Smokers and ex-smokers less frequently developed cardiogenic shock (smokers 4.2%, ex-smokers 4.7% and nonsmokers 6.9%, P<.001). Hospital mortality was 7.8% for the nonsmokers, 4.9% for the ex-smokers and 3.1% for the smokers (P<.001). In the multivariate analysis, the smoker factor lost its influence in the prognosis (-0.26%, p=.52 using an inverse probability calculation; and+0.26%, P=.691 using a propensity analysis). However, the exsmoker factor showed a significant reduction in mortality in both tests (-2.4% in the inverse probability analysis, P<.001; and -1.5% in the propensity analysis, P=.005). Conclusions. The tobacco paradox is a finding that could be explained by other prognostic factors. Smoking cessation prior to hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome is associated with a better prognosis (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Acute Coronary Syndrome/epidemiology , Acute Coronary Syndrome/prevention & control , Tobacco Use Cessation/methods , Tobacco Use Cessation/statistics & numerical data , Prognosis , Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology , Myocardial Infarction/prevention & control , Risk Factors , Heart Failure/epidemiology , Propensity Score , Helsinki Declaration , 28599 , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Renal Insufficiency/complications
14.
Actas urol. esp ; 40(6): 370-377, jul.-ago. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-154330

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Comparar diferentes opciones de tratamiento conservador del tumor vesical no músculo-invasivo (TVNMI) T1 de grado alto. El bacilo de Calmette-Guérin (BCG) es el tratamiento intravesical preferido para los tumores T1 de grado alto; sin embargo, algunos expertos aún cuestionan la necesidad de la BCG de mantenimiento. Materiales y métodos: Se analizaron retrospectivamente los datos de 1.039 pacientes con TVNMI T1G3 primario y recurrente. Todos los pacientes fueron tratados mediante una resección transuretral del tumor vesical (RTUTV) completa, con músculo en la muestra y múltiples biopsias de la vejiga. Los pacientes fueron tratados con solo una RTUTV inicial (n = 108), re-RTUTV (n = 153), inducción con 27 mg de BCG (cepa Connaught) (n = 87), inducción con 81 mg de BCG (n = 489) o inducción con 81 mg de BCG + mantenimiento (n = 202). El tiempo hasta la primera recidiva, progresión (a T2 o mayor, o a enfermedad metastásica) y mortalidad específica de la enfermedad se evaluaron mediante la función de supervivencia de Kaplan-Meier y se compararon utilizando la prueba de logaritmo del rango (log-rank) y el modelo multivariado de regresión de Cox de riesgos proporcionales. Resultados: El seguimiento medio fue de 62 ± 39 meses. El riesgo de recurrencia fue significativamente menor en los pacientes tratados con terapia de mantenimiento con 81 mg de BCG que en los otros grupos de tratamiento (p < 0,001). El riesgo de progresión del tumor también fue significativamente más bajo en los pacientes tratados con mantenimiento con BCG que en los pacientes tratados solo con una RTUTV, re-RTUTV y con terapia de inducción con 27 mg de BCG (p = 0,0003). La mortalidad específica de la enfermedad fue significativamente más baja con el mantenimiento con BCG (9,4%) que con solo una RTUTV (27,8%; p = 0,003). Conclusiones: En el caso del TVNMI T1G3, la dosis completa de BCG con mantenimiento va asociada a mejores resultados de recurrencia que otras modalidades de tratamiento conservador. Los resultados de progresión y de supervivencia específica de la enfermedad también fueron mejores con la BCG de inducción, con o sin mantenimiento


Objective: To compare various conservative treatment options for high-grade T1 nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the preferred intravesical treatment for high-grade T1 tumours; however, a number of experts still question the need for maintenance BCG. Material and methods: We retrospectively analysed data from 1039 patients with primary and recurrent T1G3 NMIBC. All patients underwent complete transurethral resection of the bladder tumour (TURBT), with muscle in the sample and multiple bladder biopsies. The patients were treated with the following: only one initial TURBT (n = 108), re-TURBT (n = 153), induction with 27 mg of BCG (Connaught strain) (n = 87), induction with 81 mg of BCG (n = 489) or induction with 81 mg of BCG + maintenance (n = 202). The time to first recurrence, progression (to T2 or greater or to metastatic disease) and specific mortality of the disease was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier survival function and were compared using the log-rank test and the Cox multivariate regression model of proportional risks. Results: The mean follow-up was 62 ± 39 months. The risk of recurrence was significantly lower for the patients treated with maintenance therapy of 81 mg of BCG than in the other treatment groups (P<.001). The risk of tumour progression was also significantly lower for the patients treated with maintenance BCG than for the patients treated only with one TURBT, re-TURBT and with induction therapy with 27 mg of BCG (P=.0003). The specific disease mortality was significantly lower with BCG maintenance (9.4%) than with only one TURBT (27.8%; P=.003). Conclusions: In the case of T1G3 NMIBC, a complete dose of BCG with maintenance is associated with better recurrence results than are other conservative treatment modalities. The results of progression and survival specific to the disease were also better with induction BCG, with or without maintenance


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/drug therapy , BCG Vaccine/therapeutic use , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/drug therapy , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Maintenance Chemotherapy
15.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 18(7): 708-713, jul. 2016. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-153496

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Despite numerous advances, survival remains dismal for children and adolescents with poor prognosis cancers or those who relapse or are refractory to first line treatment. There is, therefore, a major unmet need for new drugs. Recent advances in the knowledge of molecular tumor biology open the door to more adapted therapies according to individual alterations. Promising results in the adult anticancer drug development have not yet been translated into clinical practice. We report the activity in early pediatric oncology trials in Spain. Methods: All members of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Hematology Oncology (SEHOP) were contacted to obtain information about early trials open in each center. Results: 22 phase I and II trials were open as of May 2015: 15 for solid tumors (68 %) and 7 for hematological malignancies (32 %). Fourteen (64 %) were industry sponsored. Since 2010, four centers have joined the Innovative Therapies For Children With Cancer, an international consortium whose aim is developing novel therapies for pediatric cancers. A substantial number of studies have opened in these 5 years, improving the portfolio of trials for children. Results of recently closed trials show the contribution of Spanish investigators, the introduction of molecularly targeted agents and their benefits. Conclusions: Clinical trials are the way to evaluate new drugs, avoiding the use of off-label drugs that carry significant risks. The Spanish pediatric oncology community through the SEHOP is committed to develop and participate in collaborative academic trials, to favor the advancement and optimization of existing therapies in pediatric cancer (AU)


No disponible


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Medical Oncology/methods , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Hematologic Neoplasms/epidemiology , Hematologic Neoplasms/prevention & control , Spain/epidemiology , Societies, Medical/organization & administration , Societies, Medical/standards , Pediatrics/methods , Early Termination of Clinical Trials/methods
16.
Sci Total Environ ; 562: 216-227, 2016 08 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27100002

ABSTRACT

Because of their physico-chemical inherent properties, mangrove sediments may act as a sink for pollutants coming from catchments. The main objective of this study was to assess the distribution of some trace metals in the tissues of various mangrove plants developing downstream highly weathered ferralsols, taking into account metals partitioning in the sediment. In New Caledonia, mangroves act as a buffer between open-cast mines and the world's largest lagoon. As a result of the erosion of lateritic soils, Ni and Fe concentrations in the sediment were substantially higher than the world average. Whatever the mangrove stand and despite low bioaccumulation and translocations factors, Fe and Ni were also the most abundant metals in the different plant tissues. This low bioaccumulation may be explained by: i) the low availability of metals, which were mainly present in the form of oxides or sulfur minerals, and ii) the root systems acting as barriers towards the transfer of metals to the plant. Conversely, Cu and Zn metals had a greater mobility in the plant, and were characterized by high bioconcentration and translocation factors compared to the other metals. Cu and Zn were also more mobile in the sediment as a result of their association with organic matter. Whatever the metal, a strong decrease of trace metal stock was observed from the landside to the seaside of the mangrove, probably as a result of the increased reactivity of the sediment due to OM enrichment. This reactivity lead to higher dissolution of bearing phases, and thus to the export of dissolved trace metals trough the tidal action. Cu and Zn were the less concerned by the phenomenon probably as a result of higher plant uptake and their restitution to the sediment with litter fall in stands where tidal flushing is limited.


Subject(s)
Environmental Monitoring , Metals/analysis , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis , Wetlands , Avicennia/chemistry , New Caledonia
17.
Rev. Esp. Cir. Ortop. Traumatol. (Ed. Impr.) ; 60(1): 59-66, ene.-feb. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-148103

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. En la rizartrosis del pulgar existe gran controversia sobre la técnica quirúrgica a elegir: trapeciectomía simple, artroplastia de resección-interposición, artroplastia de resección-suspensión, artrodesis, artroplastia de suspensión-resección-interposición o artroplastia con prótesis. Estas 2 últimas son las más empleadas, sin consenso en la literatura sobre la técnica a elegir y sin suficientes estudios comparativos. El objetivo es comparar las 2 técnicas más empleadas en la actualidad: artroplastia de resección-suspensión y artroplastia con prótesis. Material y método. Presentamos un estudio prospectivo de 15 pacientes diagnosticados de rizartrosis del pulgar grados ii-iii tratados con artroplastia de resección-suspensión (grupo 1) y 15 con prótesis (grupo 2) mostrando resultados clínicos, ventajas e inconvenientes de cada una. Como variables se emplearon la escala EVA, el cuestionario DASH, la fuerza de puño y de pinza terminoterminal y terminolateral; el balance articular en aducción-abducción, en anteposición-retroposición y la oposición. Los 2 grupos son de 2 hospitales diferentes, intervenidos por un cirujano de mano de la unidad. El tiempo de seguimiento para todos los pacientes incluidos fue de 12 meses. Resultados. El EVA, DASH y fuerza de puño a los 12 meses no muestran diferencias significativas; en cuanto a la fuerza de pinza terminoterminal y terminolateral, el grupo 2 mostró los mayores valores en todos los periodos de seguimiento, con diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Conclusiones. Es fundamental la selección del paciente y la experiencia del cirujano, dados los resultados satisfactorios de ambas técnicas. La artroplastia con prótesis se reserva para grados ii y iii, pacientes de mediana edad, buena arquitectura del trapecio y cirujanos con experiencia (AU)


Objective. In trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis (or rhizarthrosis), there is great controversy over the surgical technique to choose: simple trapeziectomy, resection-interposition arthroplasty, interposition arthroplasty suspension-or arthroplasty with implant or prosthesis. These latter 2 are the most used without consensus in the literature on the technique to choose and without sufficient comparative studies. The objective is to compare the 2 techniques most used today: suspension-interposition arthroplasty and arthroplasty with prosthesis. Material and method. A prospective study was conducted on 15 patients diagnosed with grade 2-3 rhizarthrosis treated with interposition arthroplasty-suspension (group 1) and 15 with prosthesis (group 2) showing clinical outcomes, advantages and disadvantages of each. The study variables were the visual analogue scale (VAS), the DASH questionnaire, the grip strength, the strength of end to end and end-lateral clamp, the joint balance adduction-abduction and preemption-retropositioning, and the opposition. The 2 groups are from 2 different hospitals operated on by a hand surgeon from the Hand Unit. The follow-up time for all patients included in the study was 12 months. Results. The VAS, DASH and grip strength at 12 months did not show significant differences. As regards the strength of end to end and end-lateral clamp, group 2 showed the highest values in all follow-up periods with statistically significant differences. Conclusions. Patient selection and surgical experience is essential, given the satisfactory results of both techniques. Arthroplasty prosthesis is reserved for grades 2 and 3, middle-aged patients, good trapezium architecture, and experienced surgeons (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Middle Aged , Arthroplasty/methods , Carpometacarpal Joints/surgery , Metacarpal Bones/surgery , Osteoarthritis/surgery , Trapezium Bone/surgery , Arthroplasty/instrumentation , Follow-Up Studies , Joint Prosthesis , Treatment Outcome , Patient Satisfaction/statistics & numerical data , Patient Selection , Prospective Studies
18.
Tropical Biomedicine ; : 290-294, 2016.
Article in English | WPRIM (Western Pacific) | ID: wpr-630768

ABSTRACT

Adulticidal and oviposition- and hatching-altering activities of essential oil extracted from Mexican oregano leaves (Lippia graveolens H.B.K.) (OEO) were evaluated on engorged adult female Rhipicephalus microplus ticks using the adult immersion test bioassay. Twofold dilutions of OEO were tested from a starting dilution of 10% down to 1.25%. Results showed 100% adulticidal activity at 10% OEO concentration and oviposition inhibition of 65.8% and 40.9% at 5.0% and 2.5% OEO concentration, respectively. Egg hatching inhibition was achieved by 26.0% and 11.5% at 5.0% and 2.5% OEO concentration, respectively. These effects could be attributed to OEO major components: thymol, carvacrol and p-cymene, which together account for more than 60.0% of the OEO chemical composition. Mexican oregano could represent a potential source for development of alternative tick control agents.

19.
Cir. plást. ibero-latinoam ; 41(4): 443-447, oct.-dic. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-147200

ABSTRACT

Presentamos el caso de un varón deportista de profesión, que tras un traumatismo durante su práctica deportiva habitual sufre una fractura-luxación transestiloides radial-transemilunar, lesión que es poco común y que escapa de los patrones típicos. Tras reducción cerrada de urgencia fue intervenido quirúrgicamente realizando osteosíntesis del semilunar y reparación del ligamento escafolunar, con recuperación satisfactoria. Las fracturas-luxaciones carpianas son lesiones severas que pueden asociarse a múltiples patrones de lesiones ligamentosas y óseas. Bain añade el arco translunar(fractura del semilunar) para usarlo como complemento al modelo de clasificación de inestabilidades perilunares de Johnson de arco mayor-arco menor. Este tipo de lesión translunar no sigue el esquema descrito por Mayfield, aunque sí es una combinación de este concepto con una fractura del semilunar. En el caso que presentamos se produjo una afectación de los 3 arcos: fractura de la estiloides radial (arcomayor), fractura del semilunar (arco translunar) y lesión de los ligamentos carpianos (arco menor); esto aún no se ha estudiado biomecánicamente (AU)


We present the case of a 26-year-old male sportsman by profession, who suffers a radial transstyloid-translunatefracture-dislocation after a trauma during a sport practice. This is an uncommon injury that escapes from the typical injury patterns. After an urgent closed reduction, the patient undergoes surgery by osteosynthesis of the lunate fracture and scapholunate ligament repair, with a successful recovery. Carpal fracture-dislocations are severe injuries that may be associated with multiple patterns of ligamentous and bone injuries. Bain adds the translunate arc (lunatefracture) as a complement to the greater arc-lesser arc classification model of perilunate inestabilities from Johnson. This mechanism of translunate injury does not follow the pattern described by Mayfield, although it is a combination of such concept and the lunate fracture. In our clinical case, there was an involvement of the3 arches: radial styloid fracture (greater arc), lunate fracture(translunate arc) and carpal ligaments fracture (lesserarc); this has not yet been studied biomechanically (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Athletic Injuries/surgery , Lunate Bone/injuries , Hand Injuries/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Treatment Outcome , Recovery of Function , Fractures, Bone/surgery
20.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 17(11): 925-931, nov. 2015. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-143465

ABSTRACT

Purpose. We assessed therapeutic outcomes of reirradiation with helical tomotherapy (HT) for locoregional recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LRNPC) patients. Methods and materials. Treatment outcomes were evaluated retrospectively in 17 consecutive LRNPC patients receiving HT between 2006 and 2012. Median age was 57 years and most patients (n = 13) were male. Simultaneous systemic therapy was applied in 5 patients. Initial treatment covered the gross tumor volume with a median dose of 70 Gy (60–81.6 Gy). Reirradiation was confined to the local relapse region with a median dose of 63 Gy (50–70.2 Gy), resulting in a median cumulative dose of 134 Gy (122–148.2 Gy). The median time interval between initial and subsequent treatment was 42 months (11–126). Results. The median follow-up for the entire cohort was 23 and 35 months for survivors. Three patients (18 %) developed both local and distant recurrences and only one patient (6 %) suffered from isolated local recurrence. Two-year actuarial DFS and LC rates were 74 and 82 %, respectively. Two-year OS rate was 79 %. Acute and late grade 2 toxicities were observed in 8 patients (47 %). No patient experienced late grade ≥3 toxicity. Late toxicity included fibrosis of skin, hypoacusia, dysphagia, and xerostomia. Patients with higher Karnofsky performance status scores associated with a lower risk of mortality (HR 0.85, p = 0.015). Conclusion. Reirradiation with HT in patients with LRNPC is feasible and yields encouraging results in terms of local control and overall survival with acceptable toxicity (AU)


No disponible


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Carcinoma/radiotherapy , Brachytherapy/methods , Nasopharynx/pathology , Nasopharynx/radiation effects , Retrospective Studies , Neoplasm Metastasis/radiotherapy , Prognosis , Head and Neck Neoplasms/radiotherapy
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