Uso de una app preventiva en población peruana: primeros datos obtenidos

Objetivo: Describir las características del uso de una app preventiva en la población peruana durante su primer año de operaciones, en el periodo comprendido entre el 2019 y 2020. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de tipo descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo, donde se revisó la base de datos de la app preventiva Salud Total respecto a las características demográficas y forma de uso en la población peruana durante su primer año de operaciones. Se analizaron las variables sociodemográficas (sexo y edad) y las formas de uso (los datos de salud ingresados, los hallazgos patológicos encontrados, la recurrencia de uso y el tipo y la cantidad de servicios solicitados). El análisis y procesamiento de los datos descriptivos se realizaron con el programa Microsoft Excel. Resultados: El número de usuarios que descargaron y se registraron en la app fue 9737 personas. Con respecto al sexo, la proporción fue similar, y el grupo etario predominante fue entre 21 y 50 años. Se obtuvieron 2304 datos de salud que los usuarios registraron voluntariamente, de los cuales los más reportados fueron el peso y la talla (45,3 %), seguidos de la presión arterial (20,4 %), la hemoglobina (17,1 %) y la circunferencia abdominal. Se encontraron hallazgos patológicos en los datos registrados tales como la presión arterial elevada (25,7 %) y el peso elevado (58,5 %), entre otros. Asimismo, los usuarios solicitaron por medio de la app un total de 1072 servicios de salud de diversos tipos, entre los cuales destacan la atención médica (58 %) y el laboratorio clínico (32 %). Conclusiones: Los usuarios pudieron registrarse e interactuar con una app preventiva con el fin de controlar su bienestar, y la usaron tanto para añadir sus datos de salud como para solicitar servicios médicos de forma remota, lo que puede significar una nueva herramienta de intervención para direccionar acciones preventivas, la atención oportuna de enfermedades y una nueva fuente de datos para la investigación en salud.

Objective: To describe the characteristics of the use of a preventive app by the Peruvian population during its first year of operations between 2019 and 2020. Materials and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study, in which the database of the Salud Total preventive app, concerning the demographic characteristics of and usage by the Peruvian population, was reviewed during its first year of operations. Sociodemographic variables (sex and age) and usage (health data, pathological findings, frequency of use, and type and number of services requested) were analyzed. The analysis and processing of descriptive data were performed using Microsoft Excel Results: The number of users who downloaded and registered in the app was 9,737 people. A similar sex ratio was found, and the 21to 50-year-old group prevailed. A total of 2,254 health data voluntarily entered by the users, out of which the most reported were weight and height (45.3 %), blood pressure (20.4 %), hemoglobin (17.1 %) and waist circumference, were collected. Pathological findings such as high blood pressure (25.7 %) and overweight (58.5 %), among others, were found in the recorded data. Likewise, 1,072 different health services were requested through the app, among which medical care (58 %) and laboratory tests (32 %) stood out. Conclusions: Users were able to register in and interact with a preventive app in order to monitor their well-being. Moreover, they used it both to add their health data and to request remote medical care. This could be a new intervention tool for taking preventive actions, managing timely care of diseases and offering a new data source for health research.

Viricidal Activity of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Materials with Silver Nanoparticles.

The use of diverse Ag-based nanoparticulated forms has shown promising results in controlling viral propagation. In this study, a commercial nanomaterial consisting of ceramic-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was incorporated into thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) plates using an industrial protocol, and the surface composition, ion-release dynamics and viricidal properties were studied. The surface characterization by FESEM-EDX revealed that the molar composition of the ceramic material was 5.5 P:3.3 Mg:Al and facilitated the identification of the embedded AgNPs (54.4 ± 24.9 nm). As determined by ICPMS, the release rates from the AgNP-TPU into aqueous solvents were 4 ppm/h for Ag and Al, and 28.4 ppm/h for Mg ions. Regarding the biological assays, the AgNP-TPU material did not induce significant cytotoxicity in the cell lines employed. Its viricidal activity was characterized, based on ISO 21702:2019, using the Spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV), and then tested against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The results demonstrated that AgNP-TPU materials exhibited significant (75%) and direct antiviral activity against SVCV virions in a time- and temperature-dependent manner. Similar inhibition levels were found against SARS-CoV-2. These findings show the potential of AgNP-TPU-based materials as a supporting strategy to control viral spread.

Inhibitory mechanisms on dry anaerobic digestion: Ammonia, hydrogen and propionic acid relationship.

Inhibitory pathways in dry anaerobic digestion are still understudied and current knowledge on wet processes cannot be easily transferred. This study forced instability in pilot-scale digesters by operating at short retention times (40 and 33 days) in order to understand inhibition pathways over long term operation (145 days). The first sign of inhibition at elevated total ammonia concentrations (8 g/l) was a headspace hydrogen level over the thermodynamic limit for propionic degradation, causing propionic accumulation. The combined inhibitory effect of propionic and ammonia accumulation resulted in further increased hydrogen partial pressures and n-butyric accumulation. The relative abundance of Methanosarcina increased while that of Methanoculleus decreased as digestion deteriorated. It was hypothesized that high ammonia, total solids and organic loading rate inhibited syntrophic acetate oxidisers, increasing their doubling time and resulting in its wash out, which in turn inhibited hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis and shifted the predominant methanogenic pathway towards acetoclastic methanogenesis at free ammonia over 1.5 g/l. C/N increases to 25 and 29 reduced inhibitors accumulation but did not avoid inhibition or the washout of syntrophic acetate oxidising bacteria.

Dry anaerobic digestion of organic waste: A review of operational parameters and their impact on process performance.

Dry digestion is a suitable technology for treating organic wastes with varying composition such as the organic fraction of municipal solids waste. Yet, there is a need for further research to overcome some of the disadvantages associated with the high total solids content of the process. Optimisation of inoculum to substrate ratio, feedstock composition and size, liquid recirculation, bed compaction and use of bulking agents are some of the parameters that need further investigation in batch dry anaerobic digestion, to limit localised inhibition effects and avoid process instability. In addition, further attention on the relation between feedstock composition, organic loading rate and mixing regimes is required for continuous dry anaerobic digestion systems. This paper highlights all the areas where knowledge is scarce and value can be added to increase dry anaerobic digestion performance and expansion.

Renal Cell Carcinoma Associated With Xp11.2 Translocation/TFE3 Gene-fusion: A Long Response to mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) Inhibitors.

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that patients with Xp11.2/TFE3 gene-fusion translocation renal cell carcinoma (RCC), despite having an aggressive course in young adults, could have valid treatment options such as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors with good outcomes. Furthermore, to explain possible mechanisms of action of mTOR inhibitors in this type of RCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We report a case of a 44-year-old man who has been treated with everolimus for a Xp11.2 translocation/TFE3 gene-fusion RCC after 2 previous failed treatments with tyrosine kinase inhibitor. During the follow-up, we evaluated type and duration of response with everolimus. RESULTS: The patient obtained a long-lasting response of disease of 25 months with everolimus without any symptom. CONCLUSION: We believe that mTOR inhibitors could be a good line option treatment to consider for this type of patients.

Nivel de conocimientos y actitudes hacia las píldoras anticonceptivas de emergencia en los médicos ginecoobstetras y obstetrices del Instituto Materno Perinatal de Lima Metropolitana. Abril-Julio 2003 / Levels of knowledge and attitudes toward the emergency contraceptive pills among medical gynecologist and obstetricians of the Perinatal Maternal Institute of Lima Metropolitan. April-July 2003

Objetivo: Determinar los niveles de conocimientos e identicar las actitudes hacia los anticonceptivos orales de emergencia (PAE) en los médicos ginecoobstetras y obstetrices del Instituto Materno Perinatal. Metodología: Se realizó un muestreo probabilístico de tipo aleatorio simple, obteniéndose una muestra ajustada de 47 ginecoobstetras y obstetrices del Instituto Materno Perinatal. Metodología: Se realizó un muestreo probabilístico de tipo aleatorio simple, obteniéndose una muestra ajustada de 47 ginecoobstetras y 108 obstetrices del Instituto Materno Perinatal. A dichos sujetos se les aplicó un cuestionario autodesarrollado, para medir los niveles de conocimientos e identificar sus actitudes hacia las PAE. Resultados: Se encontró tanto para los médicos ginecoobstetras y obstetrices respectivamente: 66 por ciento y 34,3 por ciento poseen un buen nivel de conocimiento; 91,5 por ciento y 79.6 por ciento están de acuerdo con la difusión del conocimiento y uso de las PAE; 70.2 por ciento y 37 por ciento lo han prescrito y/o recomendado; 66.0 por ciento y 62 por ciento no lo consideran abortivos; 72,3 por ciento y 62 por ciento consideran que restringir las PAE es limitar los derechos de la mujer. Se encontró además una asociación entre: nivel de conocimientos y profesión (X2 13.759 p=0.001); nivel de conocimiento y prescripción (X2 12.100 p=0.002); prescripción y profesión (X2 12.691 p<0.001). Conclusiones: Existe deficiencias en el conocimiento por parte del personal de salud sobre las PAE. Y existen actitudes y opiniones ampliamente favorables hacia estas píldoras.