Trombocitopenia grave y agranulocitosis por metamizol / Severe thrombocytopenia and agranulocytosis associated with metamizole

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Peripheral Atherosclerosis in Patients With Erectile Dysfunction: A Population-Based Study.

INTRODUCTION: The presence of erectile dysfunction (ED) could be a warning of vascular disease in different arterial territories. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between ED and the presence of atherosclerosis in 2 different vascular beds: carotid and lower limbs. METHODS: A total of 614 volunteers between 45 and 74 years of age (mean age 61.0 years) were randomly selected from the general population. ED was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5). Ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurement and carotid atherosclerosis were evaluated by echo-Doppler. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mean carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), prevalence of carotid plaques, mean ABI, and prevalence of ABI < 0.9 were the main outcome measures. RESULTS: ED was present in 373 subjects (59.7%). Mean carotid IMT was significantly higher in men with ED (0.762 ± 0.151 mm vs 0.718 ± 0.114 mm, P < .001). Also the global prevalence of carotid plaques was more frequent in men with ED (63.8% vs 44.8%, P < .001), even after adjusting by age, cardiovascular risk factors, and ongoing treatment (P = .039). Both the IMT and the prevalence of carotid plaques increased significantly with ED severity (P trend .004 and <.001, respectively). There were no significant differences between groups neither in mean ABI nor in the prevalence of subjects with ABI < 0.9. However, there was a trend to a lower ABI and a higher prevalence of ABI < 0.9 with increasing ED severity. CONCLUSION: In the general population, the presence of ED identifies subjects with higher atherosclerosis burden in carotid arteries but not in the lower extremities.

Ulcera gástrica por citomegalovirus en paciente con Linfoma no Hodgkin / Gastric cytomegalovirus infection in a patient with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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Validating prediction scales of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Spain: the SPREDIA-2 population-based prospective cohort study protocol.

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide. When diagnosed, many patients already have organ damage or advance subclinical atherosclerosis. An early diagnosis could allow the implementation of lifestyle changes and treatment options aimed at delaying the progression of the disease and to avoid cardiovascular complications. Different scores for identifying undiagnosed diabetes have been reported, however, their performance in populations of southern Europe has not been sufficiently evaluated. The main objectives of our study are: to evaluate the screening performance and cut-off points of the main scores that identify the risk of undiagnosed T2DM and prediabetes in a Spanish population, and to develop and validate our own predictive models of undiagnosed T2DM (screening model), and future T2DM (prediction risk model) after 5-year follow-up. As a secondary objective, we will evaluate the atherosclerotic burden of the population with undiagnosed T2DM. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Population-based prospective cohort study with baseline screening, to evaluate the performance of the FINDRISC, DANISH, DESIR, ARIC and QDScore, against the gold standard tests: Fasting plasma glucose, oral glucose tolerance and/or HbA1c. The sample size will include 1352 participants between the ages of 45 and 74 years. ANALYSIS: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, likelihood ratio positive, likelihood ratio negative and receiver operating characteristic curves and area under curve. Binary logistic regression for the first 700 individuals (derivation) and last 652 (validation) will be performed. All analyses will be calculated with their 95% CI; statistical significance will be p<0.05. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study protocol has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Carlos III Hospital (Madrid). The score performance and predictive model will be presented in medical conferences, workshops, seminars and round table discussions. Furthermore, the predictive model will be published in a peer-reviewed medical journal to further increase the exposure of the scores.

[Study of celiac disease in the pediatric population of Cantabria (Spain) and first-degree relatives]. / Estudio de la enfermedad celíaca en la población pediátrica de Cantabria y sus familiares de primer grado.

BACKGROUND: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease that affects genetically predisposed individuals. The HLA-DQ2 heterodimer is present in nearly 90% of patients while HLA-DQ8 is found in the remaining 10%. AIM: To study the characteristics of CD in pediatric patients in Cantabria and their first-degree relatives, with special emphasis on factors related to haplotype, serology, and forms of clinical presentation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty-six patients with CD and 215 first-degree relatives were HLA genotyped. Clinical, laboratory, immunologic, and histological data were obtained from all patients. RESULTS: Clinical presentation was classical in 95% of the patients and mono-symptomatic in the remaining 5%. Anti-gliadin antibodies (AGA) and anti-transglutaminase antibodies (ATGA) were positive in 95% of the patients and negative in 5% (all with IgA deficiency). DQ2 was found in 71% of the patients (homozygotes or heterozygotes) and DQ8 was found in 9.5%. No heterodimers of risk were found in 22%. CD was found in six relatives (three were positive for AGA and four were positive for ATGA). Forty-nine percent of the relatives carried the DQ2 heterodimer and 15% the DQ8 heterodimer; no heterodimers of risk were found in 40%. CONCLUSIONS: The most prevalent HLA found in patients with CD in the autonomous region of Cantabria was DQ2 (71%). This prevalence is clearly lower than that reported in other Spanish regions. The prevalence of CD among first-degree relatives was similar to that found in other studies performed in Spain (2.8%). Our data support the need for systematic study of the first-degree relatives of patients with CD.

Estudio de la enfermedad celíaca en la población pediátrica de Cantabria y sus familiares de primer grado / Study of celiac disease in the pediatric population of Cantabria (Spain) and first-degree relatives

Introducción: La enfermedad celíaca (EC) es una entidad mediada por fenómenos autoinmunes, que se presenta en sujetos susceptibles genéticamente. El 90% de los pacientes presenta el heterodímero HLA-DQ2, y el 10% restante suele presentar el HLA-DQ8. Objetivo: Estudiar las características de la EC en la población pediátrica de Cantabria y en sus familiares de primer grado, fundamentalmente en los aspectos relacionados con el haplotipo, la serología y sus formas de presentación clí nica. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio de 86 pacientes celíacos y 215 familiares de primer grado. Se recogieron datos clínicos, analíticos, inmunológicos, histológicos y de tipificación genómica. Resultados: El 95% de los caso se iniciaron con clínica clásica y el 5% eran formas monosintomáticas. Un 95% presentaba positividad a anticuerpos antigliadina (AAG) y antitransglutaminasa (AATG), y eran negativos el 5% (todos con déficit de IgA). Genotípicamente, un 71% eran portadores del DQ2 (incluidos los homocigotos y los heterocigotos), y un 9,5% del DQ8. Un 22% no presentaba heterodímero de riesgo. En el estudio familiar se hallaron 6 familiares con EC (3 AAG positivos y 4 AATG positivos). Del total, el 49% de los familiares portaba el DQ2, un 15% el DQ8, y un 40% no presentaba el heterodímero de riesgo. Conclusiones: El HLA más prevalente en nuestra comunidad fue el DQ2 (71%), claramente menor que lo publicado en nuestro medio. La prevalencia de EC en familiares de primer grado fue similar al resto de España (2,8%). Nuestros datos apoyan la necesidad del estudio sistemático en familiares de primer grado de pacientes celíacos

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease that affects genetically predisposed individuals. The HLA-DQ2 heterodimer is present in nearly 90% of patients while HLA-DQ8 is found in the remaining 10%. Aim: To study the characteristics of CD in pediatric patients in Cantabria and their first-degree relatives, with special emphasis on factors related to haplotype, serology, and forms of clinical presentation. Patients and methods: Eighty-six patients with CD and 215 first-degree relatives were HLA genotyped. Clinical, laboratory, immunologic, and histological data were obtained from all patients. Results: Clinical presentation was classical in 95% of the patients and mono-symptomatic in the remaining 5%. Anti-gliadin antibodies (AGA) and anti-transglutaminase antibodies (ATGA) were positive in 95% of the patients and negative in 5% (all with IgA deficiency). DQ2 was found in 71% of the patients (homozygotes or heterozygotes) and DQ8 was found in 9.5%. No heterodimers of risk were found in 22%. CD was found in six relatives (three were positive for AGA and four were positive for ATGA). Forty-nine percent of the relatives carried the DQ2 heterodimer and 15% the DQ8 heterodimer; no heterodimers of risk were found in 40%. Conclusions: The most prevalent HLA found in patients with CD in the autonomous region of Cantabria was DQ2 (71%). This prevalence is clearly lower than that reported in other Spanish regions. The prevalence of CD among first-degree relatives was similar to that found in other studies performed in Spain (2.8%). Our data support the need for systematic study of the first-degree relatives of patients with CD