5-aminolevulinic acid fluorescence guided surgery for resection of cystic meningioma with bone invasion.

Meningiomas have a 5 year recurrence rate of 8%. Histological grade and extent of resection are the two main prognostic factors. Cystic meningiomas represent between 2 and 4% of meningiomas, and the complete resection rate in these cases is 62.7%. 5-ALA has been shown to be useful in detecting tumour remnants that could go unnoticed by the conventional microsurgical technique, thereby achieving more complete resections. We present the case of a 66-year-old patient with a frontal convexity meningioma, presenting with a cystic component and bone invasion, who was treated using 5-ALA fluorescence-guided surgery. Fluorescence emission from the tumour tissue allowed the areas of bone invasion and the cystic wall to be identified, achieving complete resection.

Imagen intraoperatoria en el quirófano de neurocirugía: revisión de las técnicas más empleadas para la cirugía de los tumores cerebrales / Intraoperative imaging in the neurosurgery operating theatre: A review of the most commonly used techniques for brain tumour surgery

INTRODUCCIÓN: La cirugía de los tumores cerebrales se ha implementado en los últimos años con nuevas técnicas de imagen intraoperatoria, que tratan de mejorar la resección tumoral, aunque conllevan un aumento de recursos. Con el fin de hacer una actualización de este tema, se ha elaborado este manuscrito desde el grupo de tumores de la Sociedad Española de Neurocirugía. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se ha propuesto a expertos en el uso de cada una de las técnicas intraoperatorias más empleadas en la cirugía de los tumores cerebrales, la descripción de la técnica y una breve revisión de la literatura. Se describirán indicaciones de uso, sus ventajas e inconvenientes basados en la experiencia clínica y en lo publicado en la literatura. RESULTADOS: La técnica de imagen intraoperatoria más consistente sería la resonancia de bajo y alto campo, pero a su vez es la que supone un mayor gasto de recursos. La ecografía intraoperatoria navegada es portátil y tiene un menor coste, aunque discrimina peor los tumores de alto grado y es observador-dependiente. Las técnicas de fluorescencia más empleadas son el 5-aminolevulínico para gliomas de alto grado y la fluoresceína, de utilidad en lesiones que rompen la barrera hematoencefálica. Por último, la TAC intraoperatoria es la más versátil en el quirófano de neurocirugía, pero tiene menos indicaciones en la cirugía neurooncológica. CONCLUSIONES: Las técnicas de imagen intraoperatoria se emplean cada vez con más frecuencia en la cirugía de los tumores cerebrales, y el neurocirujano debe valorar su posible uso en función de sus recursos y las necesidades de cada paciente

INTRODUCTION: New intraoperative imaging techniques, which aim to improve tumour resection, have been implemented in recent years in brain tumour surgery, although they lead to an increase in resources. In order to carry out an update on this topic, this manuscript has been drafted by a group from the Sociedad Española de Neurocirugía (Spanish Society of Neurosurgery). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Experts in the use of each one of the most-used intraoperative techniques in brain tumour surgery were presented with a description of the technique and a brief review of the literature. Indications for use, their advantages and disadvantages based on clinical experience and on what is published in the literature will be described. RESULTS: The most robust intraoperative imaging technique appears to be low- and high-field magnetic resonance imaging, but this is the technique which results in the greatest expenditure. Intraoperative ultrasound navigation is portable and less expensive, but it provides poorer differentiation of high-grade tumours and is observer-dependent. The most-used fluorescence techniques are 5-aminolevulinic acid for high-grade gliomas and fluorescein, useful in lesions which rupture the blood-brain barrier. Last of all, intraoperative CT is more versatile in the neurosurgery operating theatre, but it has fewer indications in neuro-oncology surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative imaging techniques are used with increasingly greater frequency in brain tumour surgery, and the neurosurgeon should assess their possible use depending on their resources and the needs of each patient

Intraoperative imaging in the neurosurgery operating theatre: A review of the most commonly used techniques for brain tumour surgery. / Imagen intraoperatoria en el quirófano de neurocirugía: revisión de las técnicas más empleadas para la cirugía de los tumores cerebrales.

INTRODUCTION: New intraoperative imaging techniques, which aim to improve tumour resection, have been implemented in recent years in brain tumour surgery, although they lead to an increase in resources. In order to carry out an update on this topic, this manuscript has been drafted by a group from the Sociedad Española de Neurocirugía (Spanish Society of Neurosurgery). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Experts in the use of each one of the most-used intraoperative techniques in brain tumour surgery were presented with a description of the technique and a brief review of the literature. Indications for use, their advantages and disadvantages based on clinical experience and on what is published in the literature will be described. RESULTS: The most robust intraoperative imaging technique appears to be low- and high-field magnetic resonance imaging, but this is the technique which results in the greatest expenditure. Intraoperative ultrasound navigation is portable and less expensive, but it provides poorer differentiation of high-grade tumours and is observer-dependent. The most-used fluorescence techniques are 5-aminolevulinic acid for high-grade gliomas and fluorescein, useful in lesions which rupture the blood-brain barrier. Last of all, intraoperative CT is more versatile in the neurosurgery operating theatre, but it has fewer indications in neuro-oncology surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative imaging techniques are used with increasingly greater frequency in brain tumour surgery, and the neurosurgeon should assess their possible use depending on their resources and the needs of each patient.

Infarto occipital cortical bilateral secundario a hidrocefalia por quiste coloide del tercer ventrículo / Bilateral cortical occipital infarction secondary to hydrocephalus due to a colloid cyst in the third ventricle

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Radioguided surgery in brain tumors with thallium-201.

RATIONALE: Malignant astrocytomas show thallium uptake with a high target-to-background ratio, allowing the use of radioguided surgery. METHOD: We report on 6 patients (3 men) diagnosed with malignant astrocytoma. All patients signed informed consent documents. Previous thallium-201 SPECT was performed, showing uptake in tumors. In the operating room we injected 37 MBq (1 mCi) of thallium-201 at the same time the craniotomy was performed. With the gamma probe we confirmed the tumor uptake, and a biopsy sample was taken. After conventional tumor resection, we scanned the surgical bed with the gamma probe. All areas of abnormal uptake were evaluated by the surgeon and, if possible, removed. RESULTS: In all patients the biopsy confirmed a high-grade astrocytoma. In all cases we found residual uptake in the surgical bed that was confirmed as residual tumor by pathologic examination. In 3 cases it was not possible to remove all the sites of pathologic uptake because critical areas were involved. In the other 3 patients, only background activity was found after the procedure. CONCLUSION: Radioguided surgery in brain tumors with thallium-201 is a complex technique and expertise in radioguided surgery and neuroimaging is needed, but we think that it is promising.

Multiple filum terminale hemangioblastomas symptomatic during pregnancy. Case report.

Hemangioblastomas are low-grade, highly vascular tumors commonly associated with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome and most often appearing in the cerebellum. They very rarely occur in the spinal nerve roots, and an origin in the filum terminale is exceptional with no instances of multiple hemangioblastomas of the filum terminale reported in the literature. Because of their vascular nature, these lesions can enlarge and become symptomatic in the context of the changes that take place during pregnancy, as has been noted with cerebellar hemangioblastomas. In any case, the evolution of spinal hemangioblastomas during pregnancy is not well known given its rarity. The conjunction of both processes--that is, multiple hemangioblastomas arising in the filum terminale and pregnancy--is unique. The authors describe the case of a 41-year-old woman with multiple hemangioblastomas of the filum terminale and no other evidence of VHL syndrome, in whom pregnancy precipitated symptoms. The interruption of gestation led to a remission of the symptoms. The literature concerning filum terminale hemangioblastomas and pregnancy is also reviewed.