ABSTRACT
Objetivo: conocer la prevalencia de agresiones notificadas por los trabajadores del Servicio Madrileño de Salud, saber la prevalencia de lesiones o alteraciones de la salud ocasionadas a los trabajadores por este motivo, e identificar los factores asociados a dichas agresiones. Método: estudio transversal en trabajadores del Servicio Madrileño de Salud (SERMAS) que notificaron una situación conflictiva/agresión en el periodo 2009-2018, a través de un registro habilitado por el SERMAS. Las variables estudiadas incluyeron datos del trabajador, del agresor, del incidente y sus consecuencias. Análisis descriptivo mediante el programa estadístico Stata. Resultados: se identificaron 5.587 notificaciones de situaciones conflictivas, el 89% correspondió a Atención Primaria (AP) y el 11% a Atención Especializada (AE). La prevalencia de alteraciones en el estado de salud sobre el total de notificaciones fue del 95% (IC 95%: 94-96), con un 97% (IC 95%: 95-98) en AE y un 95% (IC 95%: 94-95) en AP. En AE los trabajadores notificaron un 8% de agresiones físicas y 17% de coacciones, en AP fueron un 4% y un 25%, respectivamente. En Urgencias se notificaron un 12% de agresiones físicas frente al 4,6% del resto de servicios y un 13% de coacciones frente al 25%. En AE las enfermeras fueron los trabajadores que más agresiones notificaron y en AP fueron los facultativos. Conclusiones: en AP se notifican nueve veces más situaciones conflictivas que en AE. Las coacciones superan a las agresiones físicas. El personal de Enfermería y los trabajadores de urgencias son los profesionales que más agresiones notifican.(AU)
Objective: to understand the prevalence of aggressions reported by the Madrid Health Service staff, to learn about the prevalence of lesions or health alterations caused to workers for this reason, and to identify the factors associated with said aggressions. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted with workers of the Madrid Health Service (SERMAS) who reported a situation of conflict / aggression during the 2009-2018 period through a register provided by the SERMAS. The variables studied included: details of the worker, the aggressor, the incident and its consequences. There was descriptive analysis through the Stata statistical program. Results: in total, 5,587 reports of situations of conflict were identified: 89% from Primary Care (PC) and 11% from Specialized Care (SC). The prevalence of alterations in health status within all reports was 95% (CI 95%: 94-96), with 97% (CI 95%: 95-98) in SC and 95% (CI 95%: 94-95) in PC. Specialized Care staff reported 8% of physical aggressions and 17% of coercions; these were 4% and 25%, respectively, in PC. In the Emergency Unit, 12% of physical aggressions were reported vs. 4.6% in the rest of hospital units, and 13% of coercion vs. 25%. Nurses were the SC workers who reported more aggressions, vs. physicians in PC. Conclusions: nine times more situations of conflict are reported in Primary Care than in Specialized Care. Coercions are higher than physical agressions. Nursing staff and Emergency workers are the professionals reporting more aggressions.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Health Workforce , Aggression , Burnout, Professional , Nursing Staff , Workplace Violence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Spain , Nursing ServicesABSTRACT
Research suggests that inflammation is an important mediator in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders. In addition, women are more likely to develop an anxiety and depression disorder, in comorbidity with a wide spectrum of diseases related to the immune system. In recent years, hydrogen-rich water has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent and intervene in stress-related disorders, due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study aims to analyze the effects of psychological treatment and a hydrogen-rich drink on the severity of anxiety and depression, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, the cortisol awakening response, and general health state in a sample of women with panic disorder. This is a completely randomized, placebo-controlled study. The treatment group simultaneously received psychological treatment and 1.5 L of hydrogenated water for three months, compared to the control group that received psychological treatment and placebo. The results show that the treatment group was not significantly better than the control group. But there was a further reduction in measured pro-inflammatory cytokine scores, improving body pain and physical health. When between-group treatment effects were removed, psychological treatment significantly decreased measured variables, including cytokines and cortisol. The results support the presence of a maladaptive inflammatory process in women with panic disorder.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Chronic exposure to stress is a major risk factor in anxiety disorders (ADs) and can be accompanied by an altered microbiome-gut-brain axis and a compromised immune system. In recent years, the study of inflammatory processes in AD has gained special attention. Continued stress causes the reactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the alteration of the intestinal microbiota and the consequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, affecting the sensitivity to stress and the similar behavior of anxiety. METHOD: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the interrelationships between measures of proinflammatory cytokines and cortisol in patients with panic disorder (PD). RESULTS: The main results of the correlation analysis revealed that the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor gamma were negatively correlated with cortisol scores (area under the curve with respect to the ground). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the inflammatory response is associated with the reactivity of the HPA axis in patients with PD and may influence the maintenance of anxiety behavior.
Subject(s)
Panic Disorder , Pituitary-Adrenal System , Cytokines/metabolism , Humans , Hydrocortisone , Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/metabolism , Interleukin-12 , Pituitary-Adrenal System/metabolismABSTRACT
Existen pocos estudios que presenten la imagen de la profesión de psicología en el contexto español. Este estudio de tipo descriptivo y correlacional tiene como objetivo describir el estado actual de la opinión que existe en la sociedad española. Se obtiene una muestra de 920 personas de forma incidental utilizando como instrumento un cuestionario específico. Se realiza un análisis descriptivo de las respuestas que generan un patrón global y se hace un agrupamiento por clúster, que divide a la muestra en cuatro perfiles específicos de respuestas. Los principales resultados indican que las opiniones son en general positivas, aunque todavía existen algunos mitos y visiones más tradicionales que se observan en algunos clústers, por lo que se ha de seguir trabajando en aumentar y difundir el conocimiento de la sociedad en relación con la profesión
There are few studies that present the image of the profession of psychology in the Spanish context. This descriptive and correlational study aims to describe the current state of opinion about psychology that exists in Spanish society. An incidental sample of 920 were surveyed. A descriptive analysis of the responses that generate a global pattern is carried out. Also a cluster analysis which divides the sample into four specific response profiles was performed. The main results indicate that opinions are generally positive, although there are still some myths and more traditional visions that are observed in some clusters, so work should continues to increase and spread the knowledge of society in relation to the profesión
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Societies, Scientific/organization & administration , Periodicals as Topic , Psychology, Clinical/organization & administration , Societies, Scientific/standards , Surveys and Questionnaires , Data Analysis , Cluster AnalysisABSTRACT
En un pasado cercano, la modalidad educativa de enseñanza denominada eLearning, se ha presentado muy frecuentemente como una de las posibles estrategias formativas que pueden llegar a resolver todas las deficiencias y problemas educativos de nuestros tiempos. En el presente artículo de reflexión analizaremos no solo qué es la modalidad formativa eLearning, también comprobaremos que esta tecnología es algo más que el simple ofrecimiento de unos contenidos a través del ordenador, comprendiendo todo un ofrecimiento pedagógico más allá de una simple formación a distancia. En este sentido, verificaremos cómo esta forma de aprendizaje puede ayudar a un colectivo educativo con necesidades especiales como es el trastorno del espectro autista.
Recently, eLearning has been frecuently presented as one of the possible formative strategies that can solve all the deficiences and educative problems that exist nowadays. In this reflection paper we will test that this technology is more than the simple offer of contents through the computer, integrating a complete pedagogical offer beyond education through distance. In this sense, we will test that this kind of education can help a colective with special needs such as Autistic Spectrum Disorders.
